Faculty Of Dentistry Research Paper

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Expression of estrogen receptors in epithelial ovarian carcinoma
(Medknow Publications, 01/01/2018) El-Sharkawy, Sonia L; Abd-Aal, Wafaa E; Talaat, Sahar M; Sharaf, Hafiza A; Hareedy, Amal A; Bakeer, Rofanda M
Background/aim Epithelial ovarian cancer accounts for ∼3% of female cancers. Steroid hormones such as estrogen and progesterone are thought to play an important role in the process of carcinogenesis of ovarian tumors. There are two subtypes of the nuclear estrogen receptor (ER-α and ER-β) encoded by separate genes. This work aimed to evaluate the expression pattern of ER-α and ER-β in epithelial ovarian carcinoma and their correlation with tumor histopathological parameters and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression as a proliferation marker. Materials and methods A total of 50 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma were included in this study. All cases were female patients who underwent oophorectomies or subtotal or total hysterectomies with oophorectomies. Surgical specimens were sent to Pathology Department at Kasr El-Aini hospitals and to private laboratories. The cases were graded and staged according to WHO systems. The cases were stained by hemotoxylin and eosin for histopathological grading, and they were immunohistochemically stained for ER-α, ER-β, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen using streptavidin–biotin technique. Results In this study, 56% of cases were positively stained for ER-α. It is significantly correlated with both of the tumor histological type and proliferative state of the tumors. There was a significant inverse correlation between ER-α expression and the tumor histological grade. Approximately 62% of cases were positively stained for ER-β. There was a significant inverse correlation between ER-β positivity and both of the tumor stage and proliferative state of ovarian carcinoma cases. Conclusion The loss of ER-β, not ER-α, expression in ovarian tumors may be a feature of malignant transformation suggesting its potential role as tumor suppressor gene. Determination of ER subtypes may improve response to hormonal therapy using a selective ER modulator in selected cases of ovarian carcinoma.
Effect of Different Formulations and Application Methods of Coral Calcium on its Remineralization Ability on Carious Enamel
(Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 01/02/2020) Abdelnabi, Ali; Hamza, Mermen Kamal; El-Borady, Ola M.; Hamdy, Tamer M.
BACKGROUND: Coral calcium is a new biomimetic product and dietary supplement which consists mainly of alkaline calcium carbonate. AIM: The aim of the current study is to compare the remineralization effect of coral calcium in different formulations and application methods. METHODS: A total of 35 extracted molars was collected, examined, and sectioned to obtain 70 sound enamel discs, all specimens were examined for calcium mineral content using energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) coupled with scanning electron microscope. Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles were synthesized through wet chemical precipitation approach and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. Teeth specimens were subjected to demineralization, and mineral content was measured, specimens were divided into ten groups according to the remineralizing agent used, where Groups 1–3 used 10, 20, and 30 weight % (wt.%) coral calcium gel, respectively, Groups 4–6 used 10, 20, and 30 wt.% coral calcium and nanohydroxyapatite mix gel, and Groups 7–9 used 10, 20, and 30 wt.% coral calcium with argon laser activation and Group 10 (control group) without a remineralizing agent. All groups were re-examined by EDAX after remineralization. RESULTS: The TEM and FT-IR analysis confirmed the formation of rod shape HA in nanoparticles size range. All groups showed a statistically significant decrease in calcium level after demineralization, all groups showed a statistically significant increase in calcium content after remineralization except for the control group. Moreover, Groups 2 and 8 showed the highest increase in calcium level after remineralization. CONCLUSION: Coral calcium showed a significant remineralizing effect on carious enamel (demineralization) with an optimum concentration of 20 wt.%.
Antibacterial Effect of Pre-constructed 3D Bone Scaffolds before and after Modification with Propolis
(Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI, 02/01/2022) Hesham, Mai; Elshishtawy, Hisham; El Kady, Sherihan; Wahied, Dina
AIM: This study was to determine and compare the antibacterial activity of different scaffold materials before and after their modification with ethanolic extract of Egyptian propolis ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Preparation of the dry mass of propolis, preparation of EEP, preparation of the scaffolds, and antibacterial activity testing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four bacterial strains were used to determine the antibacterial activity of two different scaffold materials before and after their modification with EEP (15% and 25% by weight). RESULTS: Tricalcium phosphate + gelatin binder modified by 25% EEP exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. While, tricalcium phosphate + (alginate and cellulose nanowhiskers) binder modified by 25% EEP demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus casei. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that EEP had a significant effect on the antibacterial activity of both scaffold materials; the antibacterial activity was higher against Gram-positive bacteria.
The Effect of Morinda citrifolia in Combination with Chelating Agent EDTA on Isolated and Differentiated Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Attachment to Root Canal Dentine Walls
(ASDS, 02/03/2018) Al Moghazy, Hinar H; El Shafei, Jealan M; Abulezz, Eman H; El Baz, Alaa A
The present study compared the effect of different irrigation solutions including Morinda citrifolia (MC) as a natural irrigant on the Human Dental Pulp Stem cells (HDPSc) attachment to root canal dentine walls using Scanning Electron Microscope. Ten human third molars were collected for isolation of dental pulp stem cell from eight healthy medically free young patients of both sexes aging from 17 - 25 years and twenty five intact human first lower premolars were collected for addition of dental pulp stem cells. After the fourth passage of DPSCs, human bone morphogenic protein type II (rh-BMP 2) was added to Confluent cultures. Teeth were classified randomly into five equal groups according to the type of irrigant used. The cells were added to the cleaned and shaped root canals of the five groups. Group I irrigation was done using 5.25% NaOCl, Group II irrigation and final rinse was done using 5.25% NaOCl and 17%EDTA was used as a chelating agent, Group III irrigation was done using MC, Group IV irrigation and final rinse was done using MC and 17% EDTA was used as a chelating agent, Group V (control) Saline was used as irrigation. After fourteen days of cell culture, the teeth were removed and processed to be examined under scanning electron microscope. All data obtained were given as mean and standard deviation (SD) values. Cell numbers data were compared using non-parametric tests. Mann-Whitney U test was employed for pair-wise comparisons when Kruskal-Wallis test is significant. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results revealed that group IV had the statistically significantly highest mean number of cells. This was followed by Group II. Group III showed statistically significantly lower mean number of cells. Group V revealed statistically significant lower mean value. Group I showed the statistically significantly lowest mean number of cells. The results suggested that Morinda citrifolia is a biocompatible irrigant that promotes DPSC attachment to root canal dentin, together with EDTA which is essential to accom- plish regenerative endodontic treatment.
Virulence traits-based behavior of Streptococcus mutans bacteria from dental plaque and dental caries conditions
(جامعة قناة السويس, 04/11/2021) Abo Bakr, Rana A; Tawfick, Mahmoud M; Mostafa, Zeinab A; Abdulall, Abeer K
Streptococcus mutans has significant virulence factors associated with the etiology and pathophysiology of dental plaque and caries through adherence to the tooth surface and biofilm formation. These microbes can tolerate and survive the acidic environment. The study aimed to compare the behavior of the S. mutans isolates from dental plaque and caries conditions, in addition to the evaluation of the biofilm formation by S. mutans with oral microbiota (Candida albicans). A total of 106 S. mutans isolates were recovered including 56 isolates from soft caries lesions, 30 isolates from the plaque of caries active and 20 isolates from the plaque of caries- free samples. The isolates' virulence efficacy was assessed phenotypically by acid production, acid tolerance, and biofilm formation assays. PCR detected genes encoding these virulence traits. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the three groups of isolates in biofilm formation, biofilm formation when co-cultivated with C. albicans, pH reduction by acid production, but there was no significant difference in withstanding acidic pH. S. mutans isolates harbored the genes glucosyltransferase B (gtfB), glucan binding protein B (gbpB), F1F0 membrane-bound proton-translocating ATPase C subunit (atpH) and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) which are responsible for biofilm formation, sucrose- dependent adhesion, acid tolerance and acid production, respectively. In conclusion, S. mutans isolates from caries-free and caries active dental plaque and dental caries conditions showed different virulence efficacy-based behaviour. C. albicans enhances the biofilm formation by S. mutans. Further investigation of factors influencing variable behavior of S. mutans bacteria from different lesions is warranted.
Nasopharyngeal Polyp in a Patient With Submucous Cleft Palate
(CUREUS INC, PO BOX 61002, PALO ALTO, CA 94306 USA, 05/01/2021) Abdel-Aziz, Mosaad; Abdel-Fattah, Gamal; Abdel-Aziz, Nada M
Encountering a nasopharyngeal polyp in a patient with submucous cleft palate (SMCP) is a difficult problem, as the lesion could support the weak palate. Removal of this lesion may unmask the SMCP with consequent worsening of speech nasality. Nasal septal polyp protruding to the nasopharynx in a patient with SMCP has not been reported before in the literature. This report describes a septa! polyp arising from the posterior border of the nasal septum and protruding in the nasopharynx in a 16-year-old girl with submucous cleft palate. The polyp appeared to support the weak palate, and they acted as a ball and socket during speech articulation. Removal of this polyp may result in velopharyngeal insufficiency. Trans-nasal endoscopic removal of the polyp with obturation of the velopharyngeal port with a superiorly-based pharyngeal flap was performed in the same sitting. Pre- and postoperative speech evaluation using auditory perceptual assessment and nasometry revealed no worsening of nasality, also the patient reported improvement of her nasal breathing. We concluded that, the presence of a nasopharyngeal polyp in a patient with SMCP may compensate the speech problem. Removal of the polyp and treatment of SMCP by a pharyngeal flap in one-sitting is an effective procedure without adverse effect on patient's speech
A Seven-year Follow-up Study of Patient Satisfaction with Three-implant-retained Mandibular Overdentures
(Scientific Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia, 05/05/2021) ElGabry, Hisham S
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare patients’ satisfaction with mandibular overdentures retained by three- splinted implants versus conventional complete denture wearers during a 7-year follow-up study period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty edentulous male patients (mean age: 60 years) were carefully selected and divided into two equal groups. All patients received a new set of complete dentures. Group I patients received three implants in the anterior mandible and were connected after 3 months with bars, clips, and loaded. Group II patients received conventional complete dentures. Patients’ satisfaction was recorded for both groups at 3 weeks (baseline) and after 1, 3, 5, and 7 years. Patients were then asked to grade their overdentures/dentures on a visual analog scale and written questionnaire to evaluate their overall satisfaction. RESULTS: Satisfaction scores of Group I patients were found to be statistically significantly higher than that of Group II patients (p < 0.05) at 3, 5, and 7 years follow-up, meanwhile, no statistically significant difference was found at baseline or after 12 months. CONCLUSION: The long-term results suggest that three-implant-retained mandibular overdenture with a clip-bar attachment appears to be a successful rehabilitation strategy which is superior to conventional dentures for patients with advanced ridge resorption.
Effect of two different Materials; Microgel p(NIPAM) and Sodium Fluoride on the Depth and Degree of Occlusion of the Dentinal Tubules at Different Dentin Depths
(Biocore Group, 05/05/2021) Hamada, Salma Basyouni; Hamza, Nermeen; Mohsen, Reham; Kamel, Faten
Objectives: To evaluate the effect of two different desensitizing materials microgel p(NIPAM) and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) on the degree of occlusion and depth of penetration of the dentinal tubules on superficial and deep dentin after immediate application and thermocycling using environmental scanning electron microscope. Materials and Methods: 20 non- carious, non-restored molars were included. Each tooth was cut in order to obtain four quadrants. Specimens were divided into two groups according to aging. Then they were further sub-divided into two subgroups according to dentin depths. Further subdivision into four divisions according to the desensitizing material. The specimens were evaluated for the depth of penetration and degree of occlusion of each material using environmental scanning electron microscope. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test was used to compare between more than two groups in non-related samples. Independent sample t-test was used to compare between two groups in non- related samples. Results: p(Nipam) showed the highest mean value without statistically significant difference with the varnish group regarding the degree of occlusion, either on immediate evaluation or after thermocycling. Conclusion: Better occlusion of dentinal tubules was shown on immediate testing rather than after thermocycling regardless the dentin type, however, more depth of penetration was shown after thermocycling regardless the dentin type. All the desensitizing materials showed better occlusion and depth of penetration in superficial dentin than in deep dentin. Clinical relevance: p(NIPAM) microgel is a promising material in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, however further in-vivo studies are needed.
Computer-guided gap arthroplasty: a new approach to the execution of preplanned osteotomies for the treatment of bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint
(Churchill Livingstone, 06/10/2020) Mounir, M; Mounir, S; Mahmoud, K; Shawky, M; Gibaly, A
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of 3-dimensional, printed, patient-specific guides to direct virtual gap arthroplasties that were designed for five patients with advanced unilateral ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. The guides were used to mimic the intraoperative creation of five preplanned osteotomies, as well as simulating the width and depth of the bone cleavage. The accuracy of the devices in guiding the surgical simulation was assessed by superimposing the preoperative and postoperative computed tomographic scans. The devices were easily put in place with smooth uniform surgical bone cleavage, and favourable postoperative outcomes. The statistical analysis between the planned and surgical gaps, showed that the difference in dimensions was not significant (p = 0.1018). The patient-specific gap arthroplasty was neither too near the skull base nor did it jeopardise the height of the mandibular ramus.
Immunohistochemical expression of HER-2/neu receptors in gastric carcinoma
(Medknow Publications, 07/01/2017) Ishaky, Elia A; El-Sharkawy, Sonia L; Ayob, Menar M; Sharaf, Hafiza A; Bakeer, Rofanda M
Background/aim Gastric carcinoma is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death. It is associated with patient morbidity and mortality worldwide. Adenocarcinomas represent 90% of gastric carcinoma cases and are classified into intestinal and diffuse types. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)/neu overexpression is a predictor of poor prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate HER-2/neu expression in gastric carcinomas and to correlate its expression with clinicopathological parameters and other prognostic factors.
Botulinum toxin and occlusal splints for the management of sleep bruxism in individuals with implant overdentures: a randomized controlled trial
(Elsevier, 07/10/2021) Ali, Samer Mostafa; Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen; Abo alrejal, Afaf; Elawady, Dina Mohamed Ahmed
Background The available treatment options fail to provide definitive or curative management for bruxer patients rehabilitated with implant overdentures (OD). The data regarding Botulinum toxin (BTX) injection as a management strategy for bruxism remains unclear. This randomized, single-blinded, control-group, pretest-posttest prospective trial evaluated the occlusal guard and Botox injections (BTX) effectiveness in managing sleep bruxism (SB) in subjects whose one of the edentulous arches had been restored with the implant-supported OD. Methods Forty-two patients diagnosed with definite bruxism were selected, all of which had implant-retained ODs opposing natural dentition. The participants were allocated randomly to three equal groups. Participants in group I (control group) were instructed to remove the OD at night; group II was managed with conventional occlusal stents. Those in group III were given BTX injections. New ODs were constructed for all groups, and all ball attachments were replaced with a new nylon cap. A baseline assessment (one month of OD insertion) of patient satisfaction and sleep quality was conducted, and then again at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of treatment. Subjective sleep quality was evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Patients’ satisfaction was evaluated using Temporomandibular disorders/numeric scales (TMD/NS). Prosthodontic (mechanical) complications were recorded during the follow-up period Results Group III showed a statistically significant improvement in patient satisfaction and sleep quality compared to the other two groups at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months follow-up period (P =0 .001, 0.0001, 0.0013, and 0.0001 respectively). Regarding prosthodontic (mechanical) complications, the highest number of events was revealed in the control group. Conclusions BTX and occlusal appliances effectively improve patient satisfaction and sleep quality of Bruxer patients rehabilitated with single arch implant overdentures.
Inflammatory response and immunohistochemical characterization of experimental calcium silicate-based perforation repair material
(Wiely, 08/03/2022) Okasha, Hend ; Abu-Seida, Ashraf M; Hashem, Ahmed A; El Ashry, Salma H; Nagy, Mohamed M
This study compares the immunohistochemical reaction of a new experimental tricalcium silicate perforation repair material to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine. A total of 162 mature premolar teeth from 12 dogs were divided into three experimental groups (n = 54 teeth each) according to the evaluation period: 1, 2 and 3 months. Each group was further divided into two equal sub- groups (n = 27 teeth each) according to the time of repair: immediate repair and delayed repair. Each subgroup wassubdivided according to the material used into three experimental subdivisions (n = 8 teeth each): MTA, Biodentine (Septodont) and experimental material, and two control subdivisions: positive control (n = 2 teeth) and negative control (one tooth). Under general anaesthesia, access cavity was done. Cleaning and shaping were performed using ProTaper universal rotary instruments. The canals were obturated using cold lateral compaction technique with Gutta percha and Adseal sealer. Furcation perforations were created then randomly sealed using the three materials either immediately or after one month (delayed repair). Inflammatory cell count and immunohistochemical analysis of osteopontin-positive area fraction were digitally analysed using the ImageJ soft- ware. Delayed furcal perforation repair showed significantly higher inflamma- tory cell count than immediate repair. No significant difference in inflammatory cell count and immunohistochemical analysis was detected between the three tested materials. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed the highest im- munopositive area fraction in the 3-month evaluation period. The experimental tricalcium silicate cement performed similarly to Biodentine and MTA regarding the osteopontin expression during perforation repair, suggesting it is a suitable alternative with favourable handling characters.
Angled ball and locator attachments for immediate loaded inclined implants used to retain maxillary overdentures: A cross over study of patient satisfaction and oral health related quality of life
(Wiely, 10/05/2022) Aboelez, Marwa Ahmed; Abo Elezz, Mona Galal; Abdraboh, Abdelrahman Elsaid; Elsyad, Moustafa Abdou
Objectives: The aim of this was to compare the influence of two different angulated abutment designs on patient satisfaction, oral health-related quality of life, and pros- thetic aspects of implant-supported maxillary overdentures. Materials and Methods: For this cross-over study, 18 patients with completely edentu- lous maxillary ridges opposing implant-retained mandibular overdentures received 4 implants between the maxillary sinuses using computer-guided surgery. The anterior implants were installed at canine/lateral incisor areas and inclined 15 labially. The pos- terior implants were inserted just anterior to the maxillary sinuses and inclined 15o dis- tally. Eight patients received maxillary overdentures retained by angled ball attachment (ball overdenture [BOD]) and angled locator attachment in random order. After 6 months, patients indicated satisfaction with their prosthesis using a visual analog scale (VAS), and oral health impact profile (OHIP-14). Moreover, postinsertion prosthodontic maintenance and complications were recorded for both attachments. Comparisons of patient satisfaction and prosthetic complications between groups were performed using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test and the McNemar test, respectively. Results: Locator overdenture (LOD) recorded significantly higher scores than the BOD group regarding all the VAS questions except for ease of cleaning (p < 0.007). LOD recorded significantly higher patient satisfaction regarding the pronunciation of sounds (p = 0.009), painful aching (p = 0.018), feeling tense (p = 0.011), unsatisfac- tory diet (p = 0.013), irritability with people (p = 0.005), and life in general (p = 0.004). The most common complications were matrix activation/renewal (n = 34). BOD showed a significantly higher incidence of attachment loosening (p = 0.002), and teeth fracture (p = 0.049) than LOD. LOD showed a significantly higher incidence of attachment wear and replacement than BOD (p <0.001). There was no difference between groups regarding soft tissue complications. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, and in terms of improved patient- centered outcomes, angled locator attachments are recommended to retain maxillary implant overdentures opposed by implant retained mandibular overdentures at it was associated with increased patient satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life than angled ball attachments. However, locator attachment was associated with more postinsertion prosthodontic maintenance than ball attachment.
Prevalence of periodontal diseases and its correlation with different risk factors among an adult Egyptian population: a cross-sectional study
(NLM (Medline), 10/11/2019) Abbass, Marwa M.S. ; Rady, Dina ; Radwan, Israa Ahmed ; El Moshy, Sara; AbuBakr, Nermeen ; Ramadan, Mohamed ; Yussif, Nermin ; Al Jawaldeh, Ayoub
Background: Even though extensive studies on the prevalence of periodontal diseases in various populations worldwide have been carried out, data for the Egyptian population is limited. The present study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence and the severity of periodontal disease and its correlation with different risk factors. Methods: Periodontal examination was performed on 343 adults attending the outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, as well as three private clinics. Socio-demographic data, brushing frequency, body mass index (BMI) and dietary habits were recorded using a questionnaire. Results: It was found that 58.9% of participants had calculus deposits. The prevalence of periodontitis was 89.8%, where 70.8% of participants had stage I and 15.2% had stage II, while only 4.4% and 2.05% suffered from stage III and stage IV, respectively. Calculus was positively correlated with age, grains, and sugar in drinks and negatively correlated with socioeconomic status, education level, brushing frequency and milk. Calculus was not correlated with gender and BMI. Periodontitis was positively correlated with age, carbohydrates other than bread, grains, crackers, and caffeinated drinks, while negatively correlated with gender, socioeconomic status, brushing frequency. Periodontitis was not correlated with BMI or education level. Conclusion: The present study clarifies that age, brushing frequency, carbohydrates and caffeinated drinks consumption are significant factors influencing the prevalence and the severity of periodontal diseases. Copyright: © 2019 Abbass MMS et al.
Pediatric COVID-19 and the Factors That May Mitigate Its Clinical Course
(GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG, RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY, 10/15/2020) Abdel-Aziz, Mosaad; Abdel-Aziz, NadaM.; Abdel-Aziz, Dina M; Azab, Noha
The clinical manifestations of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vary from mild flu-like symptoms to severe fatal pneumonia. However, children with COVID-19 may be asymptomatic or may have mild clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical features of pediatric COVID-19 and to search for the factors that may mitigate the disease course. We reviewed the literature to realize the clinical features, laboratory, and radiographic data that may be diagnostic for COVID-19 among children. Also, we studied the factors that may affect the clinical course of the disease. Fever, dry cough, and fatigue are the main symptoms of pediatric COVID-19, sometimes flu-like symptoms and/or gastrointestinal symptoms may be present. Although some infected children may be asymptomatic, a recent unusual hyper-inflammatory reaction with overlapping features of Kawasaki's disease and toxic shock syndrome in pediatric COVID-19 has been occasionally reported. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronvirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid testing is the cornerstone method for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Lymphocyte count and other inflammatory markers are not essentially diagnostic; however, chest computed tomography is highly specific. Factors that may mitigate the severity of pediatric COVID-19 are home confinement with limited children activity, trained immunity caused by compulsory vaccination, the response of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors in children is not the same as in adults, and that children are less likely to have comorbidities. As infected children may be asymptomatic or may have only mild respiratory and/or gastrointestinal symptoms that might be missed, all children for families who have a member diagnosed with COVID-19 should be investigated.
Hypothesis: Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis: A new possible link via prolactin hormone
(Churchill Livingstone, 10/21/2020) El-Wakeel, N; Hazzaa, H; Gawish, A.S
Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis are two common chronic inflammatory diseases affecting human population worldwide. The association between the two conditions have been the focus of many researches, trying to explore the possible mechanisms underlying this association. Prolactin hormone, besides its known lactogenic effects acts as a cytokine secreted from various tissues other than the pituitary gland with multiple pleotropic actions in immunity and inflammation. Several data showed that prolactin levels are increased significantly in the synovial and periodontal tissues, and this increase is correlated with disease activity and tissue destruction. Our hypothesis suggests that local prolactin can represent a link between the two conditions. In this work, we suggest a possible mechanistic interactions, hypothesized to form a common path linking between rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis and prolactin. This is because of the need to develop new treatment strategies for the most effective long term control of inflammation in both conditions
Assessment of bone quality using buccal and palatal autogenous cortical shells harvested from two different mandibular donor sites for maxillary alveolar ridge augmentation: a histomorphometric randomized clinical trial
(Springer, 11/24/2020) Mounir, Mohamed; EL Morsy, Ola Alaa; Amer, Hatem; Mounir, Samy; Gibaly, Amr
Purpose This study aims to compare the quality of free autogenous bone grafts harvested from two different mandibular donor sites, used as onlay shells to augment horizontally and vertically deficient anterior maxillary alveolar ridges. Methods Fourteen patients with edentulous and atrophic anterior maxillae are randomly allocated into two groups. Seven symphyseal chin (group I) and seven retromolar (group II) mandibular bone grafts were harvested and fashioned to construct buccal and palatal frameworks, fixed in place with mini-screws, followed by compacting the inter-positional gaps with an equal particulate mix of xenograft and autogenous cancellous particulates. Six months later, 42 core biopsies, three from each patient, 21 for each study group, were retrieved before the implants' insertion and subjected to histomorphometric bone area percent analysis. Results The bone area percent of the newly formed bone augmented with the chin shells was 52.53 +/- 1.68% versus 47.97 +/- 1.83% for the retromolar grafts. The mean area percent difference between both groups was statistically significant (p = 0.0004). Conclusion A higher bone quality and more volumetric stability were associated with the symphyseal cortical shells.
Influence of a V-shaped palatal vault on denture base materials’ characteristics: a finite element analysis
(Wolters Kluwer, 12/01/2016) Moussa, Amani R; El-Gabry, Hisham S; El-Zawahry, Mohamed M; El-Anwar, Mohamed I
Objectives In this study, the influence of a V-shaped palatal vault on the characteristics of denture base materials was studied. Materials and methods A finite element model was especially developed for this study with an average denture base thicknesses of 2 mm. Three different denture base materials were investigated under 100 N vertical and oblique loading. A linear static analysis was carried out. Results Finite element analysis showed a very low level of bone Von Mises stress under vertical loading, which means that three denture base materials and mucosa distributed the applied load and absorbed its energy perfectly, whereas mucosa was negligibly affected by changing denture base material and showed low/safe levels of stresses. Conclusion The V-shaped palatal vault affects denture base materials that, with a reduction in rigidity, will increase the mucosa-induced stress levels. Thus, denture base material selection requires a compromise between flexibility and durability
Reconstruction of Cranial Bone Defects Using Polyamide 12 Patient-Specific Implant: Long Term Follow Up
(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins Ltd, 12/01/2022) Arafat, Shereen W; Ibrahim, Waleed H; AlDainy, Duaa Gawad; Salama, Dina; Shaheen, Hamed A
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the use of patient-specific polyamide 12 implants in cranial bone defect reconstruction. Ten patients who underwent prior decompression craniectomy were selected for the current study. Skull scanning by computerized tomography was performed and used to make virtual planning of the implants to be transformed into physical implant using selective laser sintering. Cranioplasty was performed through coronal surgi- cal approach where cranial implants were fixated using 2.0-mm mini-screws, and plates. Patients follow-up was from 12 to 36 months. Glasgow Outcome Score recorded 1 (good recovery) for all patients. Patient and surgeon satisfaction for the esthetic outcome were measured using visual analog scale as mean of 10 0 and 9 1, respectively. Cranial symmetry index was calculated as mean score of 98% 1%, indicating highly accurate symmetry, and preoperative virtual planning and postoperative outcome were compared for accuracy analysis with a mean difference of 0.3197 0.1649, which indicates high accuracy. Polyamide12 cranial implants seem to offer a promising option to cranial bone reconstruction with patient-specific implants. This study ensures proper cosmetic and clinical outcome.
Mucormycosis: A potential head and neck problem in COVID-19 patients
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 19/01/2022) Abdel-Aziz, Mosaad; Azab, Noha; Abdel-Aziz, Nada M; Abdel-Aziz, Dina M
Mucormycosis is a rare fatal fungal infection that affects the nose and paranasal sinuses and may even extend to the orbit and the brain. The rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is the commonest form of Mucorales infection. The infection is usually transmitted by inhalation and causes tissue necrosis by angioinvasion and thrombosis.1 The disease has a rapid course causing ischemia and gangrene of the affected tissue, and it mainly affects immunocompromised patients.2 Before the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), diagnosis of the disease was limited to individuals with low immunity such as patients with uncontrolled diabetes, end-stage renal diseases, hematologic malignancies, and/or organ transplantation. After the COVID-19 outbreak, many case reports of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) have been published

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