MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

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MSA Journals 138
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RESEARCH & LANGUAGES CENTERS 18

Recent Submissions

FlashDetR: A deep learning pipeline for early detection and time estimation of flashover in high-voltage insulators using infrared videos
(Elsevier Ltd, 2026-01-04) Najmath Ottakath; Abdullah Lutfi; Ali Hamdi; Khaled Shaban; Ayman El-Hag
Flashover in high-voltage insulators poses a significant risk to power system reliability, potentially leading to outages and safety hazards. This study introduces an innovative deep learning-based approach for early prediction of flashover events and time-to-flashover estimation by analyzing infrared videos of dry band arcing, a known precursor to flashover. In this work, we propose a pipeline named Flashover Detector and Time Estimator , which integrates a transformer-based model to accurately predict flashover occurrences, while a Three Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network-based model estimates the time to flashover. Flashover Detector and Time Estimator progressively samples video frames at multiple scales, enhancing prediction accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate that the models achieve up to 88.73% accuracy in predicting flashover events and a mean absolute error of 3.41 in time-to-flashover estimation. These findings substantially improve the ability to implement preventive measures. Flashover Detector and Time Estimator thus represents a significant advancement in proactively managing power system reliability, with demonstrated effectiveness and real-time application potential.
Selenium and iron oxide nanoparticles mitigate doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats via Nox1/p53 pathway inhibition
(Oxford University Press, 2025-09-11) Omnia F Hassan; Marwa H S Dawoud; Sherine M Ibrahim
Cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy, are leading causes of mortality worldwide. Cardiomyopathy is often triggered by oxidative stress. Objective The current study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of selenium and iron oxide (FeO) nanoparticles, individually and in combination, in treating doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy in rats. Method Cardiomyopathy was induced in Wistar rats, where selenium, FeO nanoparticles, or both were formulated and tested on the rat model. Key findings DOX administration revealed a significant elevation in cardiac enzymes: creatinine kinase (CK-MB) and troponin-1 (cTn-1), and elevation of oxidative stress markers, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and malondialdehyde (MDA), together with a reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). A significant elevation in inflammatory markers, protein kinase C (PKC), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), was obvious after DOX administration in rats for induction of cardiomyopathy together with histopathological alterations. Selenium and FeO nanoparticles groups significantly improved oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis compared with the DOX group. Combined selenium and FeO nanoparticle groups showed better results compared with the other treatment groups. Conclusion Selenium and FeO nanoparticles showed potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in the treatment of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy in rats.
Improvements of gamma radiation-induced immunological, hematological, and some biochemical changes in male albino rats by custard apple (Annona squamosa) seed oil extract
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025-12-01) Amina Aly; Wael El-Desouky; Mahmoud Mohammed; Mohamed AbdEl-Megid
Background: Annona squamosa seed oil extract (ASSOE) was used in the current study to investigate the radioprotective potential of ASSOE on radiation-induced hematological, immunological, and biochemical parameters in albino male rats. Materials and methods: The fatty acid profile of ASSOE was analyzed using GC. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined. Antioxidant activity for ASSOE was assayed by the DPPH activity assay, the anticancer activity was also valuated. Forty-nine male albino rats were separated into seven groups: group 1 (normal rats) were administered saline by gavage. Rats in the 2nd, 3rd , and 4th groups were subjected to a single dose of γ-radiation (4, 6, and 8 Gy), respectively, and then administered saline by gavage. The 5th, 6th, and 7th groups of rats were subjected to gamma radiation with 4, 6, and 8 Gy, respectively, then administered ASSOE by gavage (200 mg/kg B.W.) for 14 consecutive days. Results: Annona squamosa seed oil yield was 28.13%, which gave a TPC of 0.71 mg/g ASSOE, TFC of 0.145 mg/g ASSOE and DPPH percentage (65.41%). Fatty acids in ASSOE were oleic acid (57.80%), linoleic acid (23.31%), and palmitic acid (16.22%). The anticancer impact of ASSOE against Caco-2 and HepG-2 cell lines were, 47 ± 0.68 and 912.33 ± 10.81 µg/ml), respectively. Treated rats with ASSOE showed a noticeable increase in the percentage of immune cells, including CD4 and CD8. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) levels increased following γ-irradiation, but they dramatically dropped after 14 days of administration of ASSOE. Moreover, the 5th, 6th, and 7th groups exhibited notable improvements in all hematological parameters. After 14 days of treatment with ASSOE, cholesterol and triglyceride levels significantly decreased, reversing the rise that occurred following γ-irradiation. Conclusion: ASSOE is an excellent immunomodulator, radioprotector, and biochemical enhancer, suggesting that it might be used as an adjuvant during radiation therapy.
Zinc doped BiOBr impregnated into PVDF sponge as a dipPhotocatalyst for RhB removal from wastewater
(Nature Research, 2025-11-28) MohamedAhmed; Alaa Farid; Hassan Nageh; Gehan Safwat; Fayrouz S. Mohamed; Mohamed Taha
Organic contamination of water has sparked concerns since it has an adverse impact on both human health and the ecosystem as a whole. In this study, Bismuth Oxybromide (BiOBr) was prepared via a Solvothermal approach. Subsequently, BiOBr was doped with Zinc metal to improve the photocatalytic activity through introduce Oxygen vacancies (OVs). The as-prepared materials were characterized using various techniques; Field-Emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) & Energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) and elemental composition analysis, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Additionally, optical features (Optical Absorption, band gab, and PL Spectroscopy) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were also evaluated. The FE-SEM confirmed that, the formation of BiOBr and Zn-BiOBr in a hierarchical microspheres structure constructed from nano-leaves. The physico-chemical characterizations confirm the generation of OVs upon doping with zinc, the optical features results showed a slight increase in optical band gab of BiOBr (2.811 eV) upon doping with Zinc (2.831 eV) while, the PL of BiOBr is higher than that of Zn-BiBOr and EIS results confirms the lower resistance of charge transfer of Zn-BiBOr indicating electron–hole separation leading to improvement and enhancement RhB’s degradation efficiency, with achieving 100% removal after 35 min of reaction. However, the challenge of photocatalyst (as a suspension) separation after the degradation reaction remained. To resolve this issue, we developed a simple technique to impregnate Zn-BiOBr into a highly porous sponge based on Polyvinylidene Fluoride polymer (PVDF) as a dip-photocatalyst, offering potential as a re-usable photocatalyst matrix. Furthermore, the 3D Zn-BiOBr photocatalyst sponge was tested and Found to sustain up to five cycles in consecutive cycles with almost the same photocatalytic effectiveness. In conclusion, the PVDF − Zn-BiOBr sponge is a promising material for energy conversion applications and environmental purposes and enables the reuse of the photocatalyst several times easily.
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants of E. coli isolated from companion animals: A potential public health concern
(Elsevier B.V., 2026-02-03) Fatma Abdel-Kader; Yusuf Mohamad; Elshaimaa Ismael; Dalia Hamza; AShraf Bakkar; Manal Zaki
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli, particularly extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing strains, poses a significant zoonotic risk. This study investigates the prevalence of AMR and virulence determinants in E. coli isolated from dogs and cats in Egypt. A total of 102 rectal swabs were analyzed, with E. coli recovered from 55 (53.9 %) samples, more frequently in cats (19/30; 63.3 %) than in dogs (36/72; 50 %). ESBL-producing isolates were detected in both healthy (5/28; 17.9 %) and diseased (6/27; 22.2 %) animals. The most common resistance genes were blaTEM and blaCTX-M, often occurring with blaCMY-2. Although phenotypic carbapenem resistance was uncommon (5.45 %), carbapenemase-encoding genes were identified in 60 % of isolates, suggesting a potential but unconfirmed reservoir of resistance. Virulence gene profiling revealed that most isolates carry virulence genes primarily associated with extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), followed by enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), with both detected in diseased and asymptomatic animals. Cluster analysis demonstrated strong associations between AMR and virulence determinants, underscoring the convergence of resistance and pathogenic potential. These findings highlight the coexistence of resistance and virulence genes in companion animal E. coli, and reinforce the need for prudent antimicrobial use and One Health-based surveillance to limit the emergence and dissemination of AMR.