MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

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RESEARCH & LANGUAGES CENTERS 18

Recent Submissions

Uncovering fungal diversity in mangroves: new records, ecological insights, and phylogenetic analysis of Ascocylindrica marina from Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025-08-25) Abdel‑Rhman Z. Gaafar; Abdalla Elzein; Sameh M. H. Khalaf; Mohamed S. Hodhod
This study investigated the diversity and ecological patterns of marine fungi associated with decayed Avicennia marina wood in the mangrove ecosystems of Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia. A total of 17 fungal species were isolated from four distinct mangrove stands that varied in vegetation density and environmental characteristics. These included ten teleomorphic ascomycetes and seven anamorphic fungi. Notably, 15 species were recorded for the first time from Tarout Island, and 13 species represent new records for the marine mycobiota of Saudi Arabia. Ascocylindrica marina was the most frequently encountered species, accounting for 30.07% of total isolates. Morphological identification was supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing characteristic features such as erumpent ascomata and rough-walled ascospores. Molecular identification was conducted using large subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the placement of A. marina within the family Ascocylindraceae. Environmental data collected from each stand revealed significant correlations between fungal diversity and key abiotic factors. Species richness showed a strong positive correlation with sediment nitrogen concentration (r = 0.72, p < 0.05), while the abundance of A. marina was positively associated with high salinity levels (r = 0.85, p < 0.05). Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) further confirmed that salinity and nutrient availability were the main environmental variables shaping fungal community composition. The findings provide new insights into the underexplored marine fungal biodiversity of Arabian Gulf mangroves and underscore the ecological specialization of halotolerant fungi. The study highlights the potential of these organisms for use in biotechnological applications, particularly those requiring tolerance to high salinity and nutrient-stressed environments.
Advancing Gender Equality in Higher Education: A Case Study on Integrating SDG 5
(Springer International Publishing AG, 2025-08-12) Walid Shawky; Islam Al Sawi
This study investigated the integration of Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5: Gender Equality) into teaching practices at the Modern College of Business and Science (MCBS) in Oman. Data were collected from 43 faculty members (63% female, 37% male), suggesting that female educators were more likely to integrate SDG 5 into their teaching, with 86% using discussion-based methods and 52% using group projects, higher than male counterparts (68% and 40%, respectively). However, female educators also reported facing more barriers, particularly time constraints (17 females vs. 6 males) and lack of resources (11 females vs. 4 males). Familiarity with SDG 5 was generally higher among female respondents, with 12% reporting being “very familiar.” While the integration of SDG 5 had a moderately positive impact on student engagement and leadership development, the study found that institutional support, resource provision, and policy development remain critical needs. The findings offer insights for advancing gender equality in higher education, particularly in the MENA region.
Drone-as-a-Service: Research Challenges and Directions
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2025-08-22) Ali Hamdi; Balsam Alkouz; Babar Shahzaad; Athman Bouguettaya; Azadeh Ghari Neiat; Flora Salim
We conduct a survey on drones used as a service, denoted as drone-as-a-service (DaaS). We develop a novel taxonomy based on DaaS functions, research tasks, and application domains. We provide a discussion on drones and their associated capabilities based on their type of use. We propose a three-layered DaaS system architecture that vertically integrates cloud computing, drones, and services as a reference framework to compare existing drone service implementations. Additionally, we propose a representative uncertainty-aware DaaS model for delivery scenarios, illustrating how service definitions can incorporate both functional and nonfunctional attributes under dynamic environmental conditions. Finally, we identify and discuss future research directions and open problems related to the use of drones for service delivery.
Inhibition of bacterial attachment to polyethersulfone membranes using aminophenol compounds in static and continuous flow systems
(Nature Research, 2025-08-21) Mohamed Salah El-Din Hassouna; Nermine Nasser; Noha Salem; RanyaAmer; Sherif H. Kandil; Norhan Nady
Biofouling is the most challenging problem associated with membrane-based filtration technology. Biofouling deteriorates membranes used in filtration process and decreases the efficiency of membrane productivity used in separation fields, thus increasing the technology cost of membrane-based filtration process. Several approaches exist to control biofouling; membrane surface modification has recently been used to resist bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. In this study, the poly(ethersulfone) (PES) membrane was modified by three different poly(aminophenol) as bacterial anti-attachment compounds. Each one of poly(2-aminophenol), poly(3-aminophenol), and 4-aminophenol oligomers, was incorporated separately. In this test, two bacterial strains; Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), were used through both static and continuously flowing fluid bacterial suspension systems to evaluate the bacterial anti-attachment performance of the modified PES membranes. The results indicated that the brush-like structured layer of poly(3-aminophenol) can resist bacterial attachment under static conditions. In addition, poly(2-aminophenol) gave better impedance of bacterial attachment in the continuously flowing fluid system. This work revealed up to 90% reduction of attached bacteria on modified membranes under static condition and up to 62% under continuously flowing condition.
Effects of High-concentration Doxycycline versus Chlorhexidine as Dentin Pretreatment on Composite Resin Micro-tensile Bond Strength
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2025-01-18) Rasha R. Basheer; Dalia M. Abouelmagd
Objective To assess the effect of 10% doxycycline (DOX) compared to 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) on the longevity of dentin-bond strength. Methods Sixty-six extracted molars were collected and prepared and divided into two groups based on the test to be performed. Group I (n=48) for the micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) test and Group II (n=18) for the confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) test. Group I was divided into 3 subgroups (n=16) according to pretreatment agent following acid etching. Group A (control): without pretreatment, group B: 10% Doxycycline pretreatment, Group C: 2% Chlorhexidine pretreatment. Palfique universal bond (PU) and Composite resin were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. Group II was divided into 3 subgroups (n=6) based on the same pretreatment protocols used in Group I. However, for resin-dentin bond evaluation using CLSM, 0.1 mg/mL Rhodamine B fluorescent dye was mixed with the adhesive. After that, all subgroups of group I and group II were subdivided into 2 subdivisions:(T1) without thermocycling and (T2) thermocycling for 10000 cycles. µTBS testing was achieved via a digital universal testing machine. The failure mode was tested by a stereomicroscope (30x magnification). Results Intergroup comparison of mean µTBS values (MPa) was performed using one-way ANOVA, then by Tukey post-hoc test with statistical significance at p ≤ 0.016. In contrast, intragroup comparison was achieved using a paired t-test with a statistical significance of p ≤ 0.05. Comparison between categorical data was made using a chi-square test. The 10% DOX pretreatment group showed significantly higher µTBS values than CHX and the control group with and without thermocycling (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference in failure modes was recorded among groups without and with thermocycling. There was no correlation between µTBS and failure mode performed using Spearman’s rank correlation. CLSM revealed that the 10% DOX group exhibited greater resin infiltration with a thicker hybrid layer. Both matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors created a uniform hybrid layer. Discussion 10% DOX showed the highest MMP inhibition, the higher concentration of DOX may have increased the inactivation effect of DOX on MMPs. Conclusion Pre-treatment with MMP inhibitors might have inhibited the degradation of resin-dentin interfaces. In addition, 10% DOX pretreatment for 60 seconds after etching appears to be more efficient in enhancing the durability of the bond. Additionally, the composition of PU may influence bond strength, warranting further investigation. Moreover, thermocycling may adversely impact the micro-tensile bond strength.