MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

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MSA Journals 140
A Full content for MSA university Faculties Journals
MSA Theses 5
A digital collection of MSA University postgraduate theses, including PhD and Master’s theses, organized by academic degree and faculty.
MSA University Academic Graduation Projects 1153
A Full content for msa university Distinguished Graduation Projects Yearbook
MSA University Academic Research 3730
MSA University Campus 2
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Recent Submissions

Modified absolute parallelism geometry: The spinning motion problem
(World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte Ltd, 2026-05-02) Magd E. Kahil; Samah A. Ammar
In this paper, equations for spinning and spinning deviation objects in the context of a modified absolute parallelism geometry, within the framework of metric affine theories of gravity, are derived. Such equations are obtained using a parameter transformation method, an approach that enables the derivation of spinning equations in terms of geodesic and geodesic deviation equations for various geometries. The importance of using a modified absolute parallelism is to adopt this type of geometry to determine the equations of motion for different objects in theories of gravity admitting gauge invariance. This enables us to examine the microscopic properties of these objects.
Attention-Driven Fusion for Automated Solar Panel Fault Detection in Thermal Imagery
(Springer International Publishing AG, 2026-05-01) Malak Allam; Ali Hamdi; Shahd Tarek
The widespread global adoption of solar energy requires efficient and intelligent fault detection techniques to guarantee the operational sustainability of the installed infrastructure. Visually inspecting solar cell structures to detect faults is not feasible at a global scale. Typically, state-of-the-art CNN architectures may fail to adequately handle the poor quality of the thermographic images and may not correctly classify minute anomalies. Therefore, to address the said problems, we introduce the concept of an attention-driven multi-model fusion technique for automatic solar cell fault detection from drone-captured thermographic images. This technique uses three heterogeneous CNN architectures with transformers as parallel feature extractors with a 16-head attention mechanism to fuse the extracted features adaptively. This unique fusion technique not only facilitates focused extraction of key spatial and semantic information from diverse CNN architectures but also incorporates their global dependencies for accurate anomaly classification. Performance analysis of this technique was accomplished with the InfraredSolarModules dataset of 20,000 images of solar cells with 12 types of faults. This technique reported a high accuracy of 79.34%, outperforming existing CNN architectures and confirming the efficiency of our unique fusion technique that employs the power of attention for feature fusion. This study validates that by employing complementary learning and attention for feature fusion, accurate fault detection can be achieved by a simple, scalable method for intelligent and instantaneous global solar energy farming system analysis.
Comparative analysis of volatile composition and anticholinesterase activity of Egyptian Hedychium coronarium and Alpinia zerumbet using chemometric assessment of extraction techniques
(Nature Research, 2026-05-15) Esraa A. Shahat; Iriny M.Ayoub; Riham O. Bakr; Haidy A.Gad; Omayma A. Eldahshan; Abdel Nasser B. Singab
Hedychium coronarium and Alpinia zerumbet are rhizomatous plants belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. They are rich in essential oils. Hydrodistillation and headspace (HS) were employed for the extraction of the essential oils from the leaves and rhizomes of both plants. Essential oils were then analysed by GC/MS and the obtained results were subjected to chemometric analysis. The oil samples obtained by hydrodistillation were tested for their antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities using oxygen radical antioxidant capacity assay and colorimetric inhibition kit, respectively. Hydro-distilled oil from H. coronarium leaves showed the presence of forty-seven compounds (97.73%) compared to sixteen compounds (99.17%) in the HS volatiles. Meanwhile, hydro-distilled oil from H. coronarium rhizomes showed the presence of thirty-nine components (95.84%) compared to fifteen compounds (98.68%) in the HS volatiles with 1,8-cineole (41.69% and 58.41%) as the major component in both samples. A. zerumbet leaves oil showed the presence of nineteen compounds (94.54%) in the hydrodistilled oil and twenty-one compounds (99.53%) in the HS volatiles. Besides, the rhizomes hydrodistilled essential oil showed twenty-three compounds (91.85%) and sixteen compounds (100%) in the HS with 1,8-cineole (20.78% and 23.63%) representing the major component in both samples. Chemometric analysis of the results provided a clear and statistically robust discrimination between the hydrodistilled and headspace-isolated oil samples demonstrating that extraction method is a primary determinant of volatile profile. Principal component analysis score plot explained 75% of total variance and distinctly separated samples into four main clusters with key discriminating components β-pinene, and caryophyllene were the major responsible for the segregation of H. coronarium leaves by headspace and hydrodistillation extraction methods, respectively, besides, 1,8-cineole accounted for the discrimination of H. coronarium rhizomes extracted by hydrodistillation. Hierarchial cluster analysis (HCA) fully supported this classification, confirming consistent grouping patterns across both analyses. Importantly, A. zerumbet oils from both extraction methods clustered closely, indicating compositional stability, whereas H. coronarium samples showed strong method-dependent divergence. A. zerumbet rhizomes oil showed the strongest activity as anticholinesterase with IC50 of 0.54 ± 0.02 µg/mL while H. coronarium rhizomes showed the strongest antioxidant activity (10.06 ± 0.16 TE µM/L). H. coronarium leaves and A. zerumbet rhizomes showed anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities to such an extent that may make them a useful adjuvant in the treatment of cognitive diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microRNAs: central players in nasopharyngeal and gastric carcinoma pathogenesis
(Archives of virology, 2026-05-16) Rasha Abu-Khudir; Ahmed S. Doghish; Hend H. Mohamed; Nehal I. Rizk; Haidy Adel Fahmy; Salma Zaki Fayez; Yara Ashraf; Ayatallah Elgohary; Hager Nasser Selim; Moustafa Mahmoud Abdelaziz; Osama A. Mohammed; Sherif S. Abdel Mageed; Rabab S. Hamad; Reda M. Mansour
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a complex human herpesvirus characterized by a protein core, a 162-capsomer nucleocapsid, and a glycoprotein-spiked envelope, which facilitates its transmission through bodily fluids. The virus primarily targets B cells and oropharyngeal epithelial cells, establishing infection through viral gp350/220 binds to the host CD21/CR2 receptor, followed by gp42 interacting with HLA class II molecules to trigger endocytosis. Once infection is established, EBV utilizes two main types of encoded microRNAs to regulate the host environment. The BHRF1 miRNAs are expressed early to promote rapid cell proliferation and prevent B-lymphocyte apoptosis by targeting pro-apoptotic proteins. Meanwhile, the BART miRNA cluster, including miR-BART1, miR-BART2, miR-BART3, miR-BART4, miR-BART7, miR-BART8, and miR-BART22, which are robustly expressed in epithelial malignancies like nasopharyngeal and gastric carcinomas, has been found to significantly suppress caspase-3, a central executioner of apoptosis and target host immune mediators like CXCL-11 to stifle antiviral responses. Moreover, Min et al. discovered that miR-BART1-3p inhibited the expression of Disabled homolog 2 (DAB2), a tumor suppressor gene linked to apoptosis, in EBVaGC cells, allowing them to evade programmed cell death. EBV's ability to cycle between B cells and epithelial cells, along with its association with the modulation of host cell processes and immune responses, highlights the mechanisms by which EBV establishes infection and contributes to oncogenesis.
An assessment of de-globalization’s impact on MNC pharma profitability in Egypt
(Springer Verlag, 2026-05-11) Doaa Salman Abdou; Menna Mahmoud El Gendy; Cherine Soliman
The financial implications of de-globalization are widely debated; its precise impact on multinational corporations (MNCs) in regulated, strategic sectors within emerging markets remains empirically underexplored. This study offers a novel, granular analysis of how de-globalization directly impacts the financial sustainability of foreign pharmaceutical investments, utilizing Egypt—a pivotal, volatile emerging market that prioritizes health security—as a critical case study. Moving beyond theoretical discourse, the research constructs a unique composite index to quantify de-globalization through trade, investment, and growth indicators and employs Pooled Mean Group estimation on a firm-level panel dataset (2010–2024) of eight major pharmaceutical MNCs. This methodological approach enables the isolation of short-term versus long-term financial effects on key metrics: Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Gross Profit Margin. The results offer two primary contributions. First, they deliver robust empirical evidence that de-globalization pressures—manifested through localization mandates and protectionist policies—significantly erode MNC profitability in Egypt, with the negative impact exacerbating during periods of macroeconomic instability. Second, the paper identifies the specific transmission channels: increased operational costs, fragmented supply chains, and constrained pricing flexibility, which collectively challenge the long-term viability of foreign-led sector development. The study’s central contribution lies in framing and evidencing the core policy dilemma: the trade-off between national pharmaceutical sovereignty and a competitive investment climate. It provides stakeholders with data-driven insights, offering policymakers a framework to calibrate protectionist measures and equipping corporate strategists with evidence to build resilience in an era of geopolitical fragmentation.