MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

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Recent Submissions

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    Sacubitril/valsartan as a modulator of pulmonary fbrosis: insights into Lnc-SNHG-16/miR-455 modulation and Notch/Smad-3 pathway inhibition
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2026-02-18) Zeinab M. Abdel‑Nasser; Mai A. Zaafan
    Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and life-threatening interstitial lung disease marked by excessive extracellular matrix accumulation and declining pulmonary function. Despite available therapies, clinical outcomes remain suboptimal, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. Sacubitril/valsartan, a dual-acting agent combining a neprilysin inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker, has recently emerged as a candidate with potential anti-fibrotic properties. This study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan in a bleomycin-induced rat model of pulmonary fibrosis. The compound was administered orally once daily, beginning on the first day of fibrosis induction and continued for 21 days. Fibrotic progression was evaluated through biochemical and histological assessments, including quantification of hydroxyproline content, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression, collagen deposition percentage, and histopathological examination of lung tissue. Molecular analyses revealed that sacubitril/valsartan significantly downregulated the expression of long non-coding RNA SNHG-16 and concurrently upregulated miR-455 levels. These changes were associated with suppression of the Notch-2/Smad-3 signaling pathway. Additionally, sacubitril/valsartan treatment resulted in a notable reduction in pulmonary levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), indicating attenuation of both fibrotic and inflammatory responses. Collectively, these findings suggest that sacubitril/valsartan mitigates pulmonary fibrosis through modulation of the SNHG-16/miR-455 axis and inhibition of the Notch-2/Smad-3/TGF-β signaling cascade, highlighting its potential as a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of pulmonary fibrosis.
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    Constructed wetlands as a sustainable solution for domestic wastewater treatment in Egypt
    (Elsevier B.V., 2026-02-17) Carmen Tammone; Ranya A. Amer; Tarek H. Taha; Reham M. Elkout; Francesco Guarino; Angela Cicatelli; Gianmaria Oliva; Stefano Castiglione
    Water scarcity and limited access to effective wastewater treatment represent critical challenges in arid and semi-arid regions, where water reuse is increasingly necessary to support agriculture and local communities. To address these challenges, a Nature-Based Solution (NbS) was implemented in El-Banger village near Alexandria of Egypt, where a sand biofilter system for civil wastewater treatment was previously unable to meet reuse standards. This study presents the design and evaluation of a new bench-scale Constructed Wetland (CW) that operated with a hydraulic retention time of approximately 20 h over a two-week experimental period, and integrated locally available macrophytes (Phragmites australis, etc.) with a multilayer filtering substrate. The bench-scale CW efficiently remediated the influent wastewater, achieving over 93 % Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal, contributing to meet Egyptian standards for agricultural and gardening reuse, when considered together with the overall physicochemical and microbiological assessment. Moreover, pathogen counts, including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, were reduced by more than three orders of magnitude, and solar-powered UV disinfection eliminated residual contamination. Toxicity and phytotoxicity tests using Daphnia magna and Solanum lycopersicum seeds confirmed the absence of adverse effects. Metagenomic analyses revealed functional bacterial taxa (e.g., Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes) contributing to pollutant degradation, along with reduced fungal diversity post-treatment. These results confirm that our bench-scale CW, based on local materials and macrophyte consortia, can replace conventional wastewater treatments in the context of limited resources. However, future research should focus on system upscaling, long-term performance assessment under real operating conditions and the optimization of the CW plant efficiency for an optimal wastewater reuse in arid and Mediterranean regions.
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    Sustainable electrochemical sensor for green analysis of diaveridine HCl and sulphaquinoxaline Na in food and pharmaceutical samples
    (International Association of Physical Chemists, 2026-01-02) Mai Abd El-Aziz; Hadeer F. Manie; Heba T. Elbalkiny; Marwa I. Helmy; Dalia Mohamed; Lobna M. Abd El Halim
    In veterinary medicine, diaveridine hydrochloride (DVH) is a common antiprotozoal medi­cation, and sulfaquinoxaline sodium (SQL) is an antibacterial used to treat intestinal infec­tions, including coccidia. They are added to poultry feed as anticoccidials and their residues might be retained in chicken tissues. Therefore, there is an urgent need for fast determina­tion of the lowest possible DVH and SQL concentrations to guarantee food safety. This study used cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry. A sensitive electro­chemical sensor was developed for fast and selective simultaneous determination of DVH and SQL in drug substances, chicken meat and pharmaceutical formulations. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) served as the foundation for the created tailored sensor. An excellent linearity and high correlation (0.9995 for DVH and 0.9994 for SQL) were identified in the linear responses produced for DVH and SQL utilizing CuO NPs at carbon paste electrode (CPE), which were over the range of 15.00 nM to 120.00 mM for DVH and 90.00 nM to 100.00 mM for SQL. CuO NPs/CPE was used to determine residues in chicken meat as real samples, achieving outstanding recoveries due to its high sensitivity, superior repeatability, and wide linear range. The study also emphasizes the comprehensive environ­mental impact assessment facilitated by the synergistic application of Modified Complex GAPI (Complex MoGAPI) and AGREE tools.
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    Nanoencapsulation of Tomentosin-Rich Pulicaria crispa Fraction in MIL-53(Fe) Improves the Release Profile and In Vitro Anti-Colorectal Cancer Activity
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2026-02-11) Fatma Abo-Elghiet; George M. Hakeem; Rehab Mahmoud; Mona H. Ibrahim; Hamies B. Nabil; Zienab E. Eldin; Maha B. Abd Elhaleem; Sarah I. Othman; Nourhan Hassan; Emad M. Elzayat
    Background/Objectives: Plant-derived bioactives offer pharmacological potential but are often limited by poor delivery and selectivity. The Pulicaria crispa dichloromethane fraction (DCMF) shows potent but non-selective antiproliferative activity. This study aimed to engineer a functional nanoformulation using a MIL-53(Fe) metal–organic framework (MOF) to achieve sustained release and improve in vitro potency and selectivity against colorectal cancer cells. Methods: DCMF was phytochemically profiled by GC-MS. A DCMF@MIL-53(Fe) nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. In vitro release kinetics were evaluated. Anticancer activity and selectivity were assessed in HCT-116 cells. Mechanistic studies included cell-cycle analysis, cell-death assays, and molecular docking. Results: Tomentosin was identified as the predominant constituent (28.82%). The nanocomposite displayed suitable physicochemical properties (mean size: 218 nm; entrapment efficiency: 83.6%) and a clear transition from burst to sustained drug release over 48 h. Nanoencapsulation resulted in a 53-fold increase in cytotoxic potency, calculated on a DCMF-equivalent basis (IC50 = 0.40 µg/mL), compared with free DCMF (IC50 = 21.51 µg/mL), along with a modest improvement in selectivity. Enhanced activity was associated with G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and a shift toward necrotic, non-apoptotic cell death. Docking of the predominant constituent, tomentosin, supported plausible interactions with CDK4/Cyclin D3 and the MDM2–p53 axis, providing structural context for G1/S checkpoint disruption. Conclusions: MIL-53(Fe) nanoencapsulation converted a non-selective plant extract into a sustained-release formulation with improved in vitro efficacy and selectivity. These findings provide proof-of-concept that rational nano-delivery strategies can mitigate key pharmaceutical limitations of plant-derived fractions and enhance the anticancer potential of traditional medicinal resources.
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    Gallic acid-loaded chitosomes: A promising strategy to improve metabolic and endocrine function in PCOS
    (Editions de Sante, 2026-01-29) Nabila M. Sweed; Mahitab H. Elbishbishy; Yomna Yousry; Habiba Hisham; Nardeen Hany; Asmaa Mohamed; Mai A. Zaafan
    Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine–metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation, and impaired reproductive function. Gallic acid (GA), a naturally occurring polyphenol, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects; however, its therapeutic potential is limited by poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability. This study reports the development of a novel GA delivery system based on chitosan-coated liposomes (chitosomes). The formulation was systematically optimized using an I-optimal experimental design, investigating the effects of chitosan concentration (X1), drug amount (X2), and chitosan molecular weight (X3) on entrapment efficiency % (Y1), particle size (Y2), and zeta potential (Y3). Furthermore, the optimized system was mechanistically evaluated in a PCOS rat model, representing a strategy for GA delivery that has not been previously reported.GA-loaded liposomes were prepared via thin-film hydration and subsequently coated with chitosan. The optimized formulation demonstrated high entrapment efficiency (68 ± 1.76%), nanoscale particle size (223.70 ± 1.34 nm), and a strong positive surface charge (+42.20 ± 2.11 mV). In-vitro studies showed sustained GA release compared to free GA. In vivo studies demonstrated that the optimized chitosomes significantly ameliorated metabolic and hormonal disturbances, including improved insulin sensitivity, normalization of the LH/FSH ratio, and reduction in serum cholesterol. These effects were further supported by decreased oxidative stress and suppression of the pro-inflammatory NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway. In conclusion, the optimized chitosomes represent a promising nanocarrier platform that enhances GA bioavailability and provides an effective strategy for managing the metabolic and inflammatory complications associated with PCOS.