FACULTY OF ARTS & DESIGN Research paper

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Influence of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot and Silver Nanoparticle Modified Carbon Paste Electrodes on the Potentiometric Determination of Tobramycin Sulfate: A Comparative Study
(MDPI, 03/07/2021) Fares, Nermine V; Medhat, Passant M; El Maraghy, Christine M; Okeil, Sherif; Ayad, Miriam F
Abstract: Two inexpensive and simple methods for synthesis of carbon nanodots were applied and compared to each other, namely a hydrothermal and microwave-assisted method. The synthesized carbon nanodots were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultravioletvisible (UV-Vis), photoluminescence (PL), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized microwave carbon nanodots had smaller particle size and were thus chosen for better electrochemical performance. Therefore, they were used for our modification process. The proposed electrodes performance characteristics were evaluated according to the IUPAC guidelines, showing linear response in the concentration range 1006–1002 , 10 7–1002 , and 1008–1002 M of tobramycin with a Nernstian slope of 52.60, 58.34, and 57.32 mV/decade for the bare, silver nanoparticle and carbon nanodots modified carbon paste electrodes, respectively. This developed potentiometric method was used for quantification of tobramycin in its co-formulated dosage form and spiked human plasma with good recovery percentages and without interference of the co-formulated drug loteprednol etabonate and excipients
A new approach for durable multifunctional coating of PET fabric
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 08/01/2018) Ibrahim, Nabil A.; Eid, Basma M.; Khalil, Heba M.; Almetwally, Alsaid A.
This new approach aims to impart durable multifunctional properties to polyester fabric surface via premodification with sodium hydroxide followed by subsequent coating with proper active ingredients such as SiO2, TiO2, ZnO and ZrO2 nanoparticles using gelatin as a green binding agent. The obtained results signify that the enhancement in the imparted functional properties like antibacterial, UV-blocking, self-cleaning capability and softness properties is governed by type of binding agent, i.e. gelatin > polyacrylate as well as kind of included metal oxide nanoparticles (MO-NPs) into the coating paste. FTIR, SEM and EDS analysis confirm the surface modification and functionalization of PET fabric surface. The obtained multifunctional coatings exhibit a remarkable washing durability even after 15 washing cycles. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
A futuristic design vision of tangible user interfaces on enhancing Montessori
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 10/10/2021) Ali, Sara Ahmed Sayed; Chettaoui, Neila; Atia, Ayman; Bouhlel, Med. Salim; Abdel Mohaiman, Dalia Mohamed
Montessori considers as an effective method that is commonly used in nurseries to improve the mental performance and develop the cognitive skills toward children. Tangible user interfaces (TUI) is an effective tool that allows interaction with physical objects in a way that makes this interaction augmented through embedded computation. This paper proposed a new concept of Montessori, which is Interactive Technological Montessori (ITM) using TUI. It aims to measure the impact of using TUI on enhancing the effectiveness of Montessori and make a new futuristic design vision for Montessori activities to motivate children positively. The findings of this paper revealed that Merging TUI with ITM has a great potential to increase the efficiency of Montessori. In addition to considering the appropriate design principles and Multi aging group work help children to be motivated positively to interact with the Montessori activities.
Reactivity ratios during radiation-induced grafting of comonomer mixtures onto polyester fabrics
(JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD, 2001) El-Naggar, AM; Zohdy, MH; Sahar, SM; Allam, EA
Radiation-induced grafting of binary mixtures of acrylonitrile (AN)/styrene (S) and acrylamide (AAm)/styrene (S) onto polyester fabric (PET) has been investigated. Synergism during radiation grafting was investigated by determining the graft yield fraction for each monomer in the final graft copolymer. Moreover, by knowing the mole fraction of each monomer in the grafting solution, the reactivity ratio of the individual monomers in the comonomer mixture during graft copolymerization could be determined: in the case of AN/S comonomer mixture, the calculated reactivity ratios for AN and S are 0.04 and 0.05, respectively; the calculated reactivity ratios of AAm and S in their comonomer mixture are 1.82 and 0.41, respectively. (C) 2001 Society of Chemical Industry.
The impact of political events on the development of society visual culture
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2002) Hassan, Waleed Ebrahim
Political events, whether these events are against governments or kings, or a war against an enemy, are concerned with decisive moments in the lives of people and moments of self-determination, as well as challenge, which show the will and determination of national peoples, all sectors and classes of people wraping around these events at a crucial moment imposing itself on society. Therefore, a designer is an observer of these events by recording them and, in many cases, an innovator and supporter to struggle and resistance. On the other side, these events play national role like motavatives to the designer creativity, and the result is an art expressing the community aspirations and objections. This may also reflect his desire, hope, despair, and frustration; Which can develop the visual culture of the community. Thus, this research aims to identify the impact of political events on the artistic creativity for the design of metal murals, and its role in the development of visual culture of the Egyptian society Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of Prof. Ayse Cakir Ilhan
Polyacrylamide/guar gum adduct as a new thickener for reactive printing of wool and nylon-6
(MARCEL DEKKER INC, 2003) Ibrahim, NA; Rashad, MM; Abo-Shosha, MH
Polyacrylamide/guar gum (PAam/GG) adduct was prepared by polymerization of a highly concentrated solution of acrylamide (Aam) in the presence of guar gum (GG) by using ammonium persulfate initiator. The adduct was used as a thickener for reactive printing of wool and nylon-6 under different conditions, including thickening agent type and concentration, urea concentration, benzyl alcohol concentration, steaming temperature and time, dye type, and fixation method. Data revealed, under the conditions examined, that (1) for a given set of printing conditions, K/S value is higher in PAam/GG than that in GG, regardless of substrate used; (2) increasing urea concentration, in the printing paste (up to 160 g/kg in wool, or up to 120 g/kg in nylon-6) or benzyl alcohol concentration up to 160 g/kg (in both substrates) was accompanied by a significant increase in depth of shade regardless of thickener used; (3) raising steaming temperature from 100degreesC to 130degreesC resulted in enhancing the depth of shade; (4) prolonging steaming time, at 120degreesC, from 10 to 30 min resulted in improving the depth of shade; (5) the depth of shade depends on the type of dye used and is higher in wool than in nylon-6 and in steaming than in thermosoling; (6) the flow properties of printing pastes based on PAam/GG or GG are of the thixotropic type, and the apparent viscosity, at the same shear rate, is higher in PAam/GG than that in GG; and (7) the apparent viscosity of printing pastes increased by storing up to 10 days.
Water resistance and surface morphology of synthetic fabrics covered by polysiloxane/acrylate followed by electron beam irradiation
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2003) El-Naggar, AM; Zohdy, MH; Mohammed, SS; Alam, EA
Different synthetic fabrics were treated by electron beam surface coating with two formulations based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polystyrene (PS) or poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) oligomers. The water resistance properties were investigated in terms of the percentage of water repellency and absorption. Also, the surface coated fabrics were examined by scanning electron micro scopy/microscope (SEM) connected to an energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) unit to determine the percentage atomic contents of elements. The results showed that the adhesion of the polysiloxane formulation to the surface depends largely on the kind of acrylate oligomer and textile fabric as indicated by the EDX analysis for silicon. In this regard, PDMS/PS formulation is more compatible with polyester and nylon-6 fabrics than PDMS/PMMA one. However, it was found that PDMS/PMMA formulation is more compatible with cotton/polyester blend than PDMS/PS. The SEM micrographs give further supports to the EDX analysis. On the basis of the percentage of water repellency and absorption, polyester fabric displayed the highest water resistance properties among the studied textile fabrics regardless of the used polysiloxane formulation. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Mechanical properties and stability to light exposure for dyed Egyptian cotton fabrics with natural and synthetic dyes
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC., 2005) El-Nagar, K.; Sanad, SH; Mohamed, AS
Synthetic dyes are more available than natural dyes were in the past, because of lower prices and wider ranges of bright shades with considerably improved color fastness properties. In current years, concern for the environment has created an increasing demand for natural dyes, which are friendlier to the environment than are synthetic dyes. The aim of this work is to study the effect of dyeing cotton fabrics with both a natural dye (henna) and a synthetic dye (Remazol blue) on some mechanical properties and those of stability to light exposure. The undyed and dyed cotton fabrics were tested for their mechanical behaviors expressed as tenacity (N), elongation %, and work-breaking (N(.)m). They were also tested for shrinkage and crease recovery angle. The stability to light before and after 100h exposure was examined by investigating the microstructure [using x-ray diffraction (XRD)] and macrostructure [using a scanning electron microscope (SEM)] and the reflection spectra. The results proved that the cotton samples dyed with Henna dye have higher mechanical properties than those dyed with "Remazol" reactive dye. Moreover, the light fading behaviors of both synthetic and natural dyes were studied in terms of the reflection spectra (400-800nm), microstructure, and macrostructure of the sample's fibers.
Porous fibrous mullite bodies
(AMER CERAMIC SOC, 2006) Naga, SM; El-Maghraby, AA; El-Rafei, AM; Greil, P; Khalifa, T; Ibrahim, N
A porous mullite body that had no drying or firing cracks was prepared using rapid fluid infiltration into a textile template structure.
Union dyeing of easy care-finished wool/viscose and cotton/wool blends
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC., 2006) Ibrahim, NA; Allam, E.; El-Hosamy, MB; El-Zairy, MR; El-Zairy, W.
Wool/viscose (60/40) and cotton/wool (70/30) blended fabrics have been easy-care finished in the presence of certain nitrogenous additives to produce readily dyeable cationic cellulose for competitive dyeing with wool dyes. The enhancement of easy care properties and improvement in post-dyeing of the finished fabrics were determined by the nature of substrate (wool/viscose > cotton/wool), type of catalyst (ammonium persulfate > ammonium sulfate > ammonium chloride > none), the kind of nitrogenous additive, as well as the type of polyethylene glycol (PEG-400 > PEG-200 > NONE). Using triethanolamine hydrochloride as a reactive/nitrogenous additive (30 g/L) in the finishing formulation as well as curing at 150 degrees C/3 min make it possible to attain higher fabric resiliency along with better dye receptivity, regardless of the used anionic dye. However, the change in dyeing and fastness properties of obtained dyeing is governed by the nature of the anionic dye.
New thickening agents for reactive printing of cellulosic fabrics
(JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 2006) Ibrahim, N. A.; Abo-Shosha, M. H.; Allam, E.; El-Zairy, M. R.; El-Zairy, E. M.
Four adducts were prepared by polymerizing acrylic acid (AA) in presence of either a pyrodextrin (D) or gum Arabic (GA), and termed as PAA/D-1, PAA/D-2, PAA/GA(1), and PAA/GA(2). These adducts were utilized as thickeners in reactive printing of cotton fabric in comparison with Na-Alginate. Printing was carried out at different conditions including: NaHCO3 concentration (0-40 g/K), urea concentration (0-200 g/k), steaming temperature (100-130 degrees C) and time (5-35 min). At optimal NaHCO3 concentration (30 g/K) the depth of shade of the prints, expressed as K/S values, depended on the nature of the thickener used, and followed the descending order PAA/D2 > PAA/GA, > Na-Alginate >> PAA/D-1 >= PAA/GA(2). Accordingly, PAA/D-1 and PAA/GA(2) were omitted in subsequent trials. Optimal printing conditions were found to be NaHCO3 concentration (30 g/K), urea concentration (100 g/k), steaming temperature (110 degrees C), and time (15 min). The apparent viscosity of a printing paste, as well as both of K/S value and fastness properties of a print were governed by the nature of the reactive dye and type of thickener. Storing of a printing paste up to 7 days resulted in a decrease in its apparent viscosity along with a slight reduction in K/S value and a little variation in some fastness properties of prints. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Technological evaluation of reactive cyclodextrin in cotton printing with reactive and natural dyes
(JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 2006) Hebeish, A. A.; Ragheb, A. A.; Nassar, S. H.; Allam, E. E.; Abd El Thalouth, J. I.
The chemical modification of cotton fabric with reactive cyclodextrin (R-CD) at different concentrations was carried out to enhance the printability of cotton fabric. The extent of the modification reaction was expressed as %N. Reactive and natural dyes were used to print cotton fabric before and after modification. Printing pastes were applied immediately after preparation or after 24 h of storage. Printing fixation was performed through either steaming or thermal treatment. The effect of the incorporation of R-CD in the printing paste of unmodified cotton was also studied. The results reveal that the extent of the modification reaction increased with increasing R-CD concentration and so did the color strength (K/S) of the printed sample regardless of the dye used. The results also revealed that K/S of the R-CD modified cottons were higher than that of the corresponding unmodified samples regardless of the method of fixation or the time elapsed before printing. On the other hand, the incorporation of R-CD in the printing pastes of reactive dyes, namely, Cibacron Brown 6R-P or Remazol Brilliant Red GG, had adverse effects, most probability due to the (a) increasing viscosity of the paste and/or (b) interaction of the reactive dye with R-CD hydroxyls. The opposite held true when a natural dye was used. Further, the incorporation of R-CD in the printing pastes had no effect on the rheological type of the pastes or the on overall fastness properties of the prints. Nevertheless, such an incorporation of R-CD was accompanied by a remarkable increase in the magnitude of the apparent viscosity. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of cement kiln dust for using in glass making
(BELGIAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2006) Youssof, IMI
Cement kiln dust is a by-product developed during the normal production of cement. In Egypt. cement industry discard about 3 million tons per year of cement dust that are collected from exhaust gases of cement kiln, nodulizers, and cooling towers. This huge quantity of dust generates continuous problems for both cement makers and governments. The use of cement kiln dust in any application is considered as a solution for environmental pollution problems. One of the possible solutions of these environmental pollution problems is to use cement dust as a raw material for other industries. Glass industry is one of silicate industries that could use cement dust as one of its raw materials. In this paper, the evaluation of cement kiln dust formed in Helwan Portland Cement Co. for use as a non-conventional raw material for glass manufacture is considered. The main parameters of this study are the study of chemical and mineralogical compositions, the grain size analysis and differential thermal analysis of the raw, calcined as well as washed dust. The cement kiln dust was found to be a crystalline material which consists of CaO and SiO2 as major constituents with Al2O3, MgO, Na2O, K2O, SO3 and Cl ion as minor constituents. Calcination and washing of the dust were found to affect the chemical and mineralogical composition. The results obtained in this work are in good agreement with data already available in the literature.
Nature as a source of colors And its use in Upholstery fabric design
(Nordic Textile, 2006) Mitwally Amer, Mohamed; Saleh Said Saleh, Tarek
Jacquard weaving provides the opportunity to design complex pictorial and other patterning effects From the combination of warp and weft colors and /weaves. In the traditional fabric design process, the resultant visual perception of the design, using different colored yarns, can be attained only through the production of actual physical fabric sample, and this is every time consuming process. No truly accurate digital color methodology is yet available to assist designers in the initial development of product samples. Currently, there is very poor correlation between the color that is shown on the screen and the actual weave structure. On The following research we back to the nature as a main source of colors by using digital photos of several nature sources such as water, grass, clouds, sunrise, and sunset…..ECT. And by analyzing colors for this natural sources by the computer processes to implement color data base to be reference for the designer helping him to select warp and weft colors also the mix between warp and weft from several color verities and use the correct weaves to rich this color. Experimental work: The researchers select some patterns from nature sources to be an example for the application directed to jacquard upholstery fabrics.
Production and characterization of colourless soda lime silica glass containing high amounts of cement kiln dust
(BELGIAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2006) Youssof, Ibrahim M
Cement kiln dust collected from exhaust gases of cement kiln, nodulizer and cooling tower is used as a non-conventional raw material for production of industrial soda lime silica glass. Increased amounts of dust up to about 50% of parent glass composition were added to substitute partially or totally some conventional raw materials of glass batches. The prepared batches were melted at the industrial conditions of melting the commercial soda lime silica glass. Some physical and chemical properties were studied to characterize the produced glass. The density of the prepared glass was slightly increased as dust amount increased whereas the chemical stability of glass decreased. The results of density as well as chemical stability of prepared glasses did not vary to that of industrial soda lime silica glass. The produced glasses containing cement kiln dust were either pale to pale-medium green in the absence of carbon in the batches. The colours of glasses were faint yellow to brownish red in presence of about 0.5% carbon. The deep of colour was increased with amounts of added cement dust. With increasing cement dust level, light transmission was decreased and intensity of glass colour increased. The results obtained in this work showed the possibility of using cement kiln dust in glass batches of industrial production of colourless and amber soda lime silica glass in amounts up approximate to 30% of glass compositions.
Combined dyeing and resin finishing of wool/viscose and cotton/wool blends
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC., 2006) Ibrahim, NA; Allam, E.; El-Hosamy, MB; El-Zairy, MR; El-Zairy, W.
The objective of this study is to establish a single-stage process for anionic dyeing and easy-care finishing of wool/viscose (60/40) and cotton/wool (70/30) blended fabrics. Optimum conditions for maximizing dyeability and achieving high resiliency are: Fixapret (R) ECO (50 g/L), triethanolamine hydrochloride (20 g/L), ammonium persulfate (7.5 g/L) at 160 degrees C for 3 min. The extent of improvement in both the depth of shade and easy-care properties is determined by the nature of substrate and follows the descending order wool/viscose > cotton/wool. On the other hand, the extent of dye fixation and the change in fastness properties of the obtained dyeings are determined by the class of dyestuff.
UV-Protective finishing of cellulose/wool blended fabrics
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2007) Ibrahim, N. A.; Allam, E. A.; El-Hossamy, M. B.; El-Zairy, W. M.
There is a growing need and special attention for using textile products to provide effective protection against such damage of UV-radiation, i.e., skin cancer, sun burn, and photo-aging, in the recent years. In this research work a new approach for upgrading the UV-protective properties of cotton/wool and viscose/wool blended fabrics for high quality/trans seasonal apparel, was investigated. Factors affecting the UVB-protection function of the aforementioned substrates such as type and concentration of finishing additives, as well as subsequent treatment with cu-acetate or dyeing with anionic or cationic dyes were studied. The experimental data show that: i) the enhancement in the UV-protection factor (UPF) of the finished fabrics is determined by the type of finishing additives, i. e., citric acid >= aspartic acid >= tartaric acid >= none, chitosan TEA. HCL >= choline chloride >= none, beta-cyclodextrin CMC-30 PEG-600 > none, and Siligen (R) WW > W Siligen (R) PEP >= Leomin (R) NI-ET >= none, regardless of the used substrate, ii) UPF values are governed by the type of substrate, i. e., viscose/wool > cotton/wool, irrespective of the used additives, iii) post- treatment with cu- acetate or post- dyeing with the used dyestuffs brings about a dramatic improvement in UPF values, and iv) UPF values are determined by the finishing regime and follow the descending order:
Novel pre-treatment processes to promote linen-containing fabrics properties
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2008) Ibrahim, N. A.; El-Hossamy, M.; Hashem, M. M.; Refai, R.; Eid, B. M.
This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of plasma pre-treatment, followed by enzymatic treatment in the absence and presence of bleaching agent on the properties of linen and linen-containing fabrics. Different plasma gases (air, oxygen and nitrogen), enzymes (acid-cellulases, neutral-cellulase and alkaline-pectinase) as well as bleaching agents (peracetic acid and H2O2) were used. The changes in physico-mechanical properties, surface morphology and dyeing properties of the treated substrates have been investigated, The obtained results indicated that plasma pre-treatment followed by subsequent acid-cellulases/peracetic acid or alkaline-pectinase/H2O2 treatment result in: a dramatic improvement in hydrophilicity and wettability as well as in the degree of whiteness of the treated substrates, an improvement in reduction of surface roughness and extent of post-reactive dyeing, along with a weight loss and a drop in the tensile strength. The extent of surface modification as well as the changes in the above-mentioned properties are governed by the characteristics of the substrate, the plasma gas, the nature and dose of the used enzyme, as well as the type of bleaching agent and additive. The optimal treatment sequence for attaining better performance properties was O-2-plasma followed by alkaline-pectinase/H2O2 treatment in presence of PEG 400. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Enzymatic Modification of Cotton/Wool and Viscose/Wool Blended Fabrics
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2008) Ibrahim, N. A.; Allam, E. A.; El-Hossamy, M. B.; El-Zairy, W. M.
Con/wool and viscose/wool blended fabrics samples were biotreated with acid cellulases, neutral cellulase and/or protease enzymes for enhancing their performance properties. The experimental data indicate that: the extent of loss in weight is governed by the type of enzyme, i.e. Acid cellulases > Neutral cellulase > Protease > none, as well as nature of substrate, i.e., viscose/wool > cotton/wool; 2) incorporation of H(2)O(2) in enzymatic formulation results in an improvement in fabric whiteness as well as its hydrophilicity; 3) bio-treatment of the used blends results in an improvement in dyeability with anionic dyes, and the extent of improvement is governed by type of enzyme, nature of the substrate, as well as class of dyestuff; 4) two-steps enzymatic treatments gives better performance properties, and bio-treatment efficiency follows the descending order: (Acid cellulases Proteases) > Acid cellulases > Protease > none; and 5) subsequent soft finish of enzymatic - treated fabric samples gives rise to an improvement in fabrics resiliency and softness.
Enhancing Easy Care and Antibacterial Functions of Cellulose/Wool Blends
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2008) Ibrahim, N. A.; Gouda, M.; Zairy, W. M.
The present work studies the possibility of enhancing easy care properties as well as imparting antibacterial properties to cotton/wool and viscose/wool blends through crosslinking in presence of certain additives (i.e., carboxylic acids, N-containing additives, polyols) as well as softening agents, followed by subsequent treatment with ZnCl(2) solution. The improvement in carboxyl content and/or nitrogen content as well as the degree of crosslinking is governed by the type of the included additive (e.g., chemical composition, functionality, reactivity, mode of interaction, location and extent of distribution) along with the nature of substrate (e. g., chemical nature, active sites, crystalline/amorphous ratio, affinity for the used reactants, extent of modification). The degree of antibacterial activity is confirmed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. After 15 laundering cycles, the fabric samples containing Zn exhibit prominent antibacterial functionality irrespective of the used additives.

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