Ceratonia siliqua pod extract ameliorates Schistosoma mansoni-induced liver fibrosis and oxidative stress
Date
2016
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Type
Article
Publisher
BioMed Central Ltd.
Series Info
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
16
16
Scientific Journal Rankings
Abstract
Background: Schistosomiasis is a prevalent parasitic disease found predominantly in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the developing world, with the second highest socioeconomic and public health burden despite strenuous control efforts. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of Ceratonia siliqua pod extract (CPE) on liver fibrosis and oxidative stress in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Methods: The schistosomal hepatopathologic mouse model was established by tail immersion with schistosomal cercaria. The extract was given daily for 10 days beginning 42 days post-infection. Liver samples were obtained from mice sacrificed 9 weeks after infection. Liver histopathological changes were observed with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome staining. Results: Typical schistosomal hepatopathologic changes were induced in the untreated mice. However, the oral administration of CPE was effective in reducing worm number and the egg load in the liver. This treatment also decreased granuloma size and collagen deposition by inhibiting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) expression. Schistosomal infection induced oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitrite/nitrate (nitric oxide; NO) production along with concomitant decreases in glutathione (GSH) and various antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. However, treatment of mice with CPE at 300 or 600 mg/kg inhibited LPO and NO production, increased GSH content, and restored the activities of the antioxidant enzymes compared with untreated infected mice. Furthermore, treatment with CPE inhibited apoptosis, as indicated by the reduced Bax expression in hepatic tissue. Conclusion: These data indicated that extracts from Ceratonia siliqua pods may play an important role in combating schistosomal hepatopathology and may inhibit granuloma formation and liver fibrosis through down-regulation of TIMP-2 expression. 2016 The Author(s).
Description
Scopus
Keywords
October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, University for Modern Sciences and Arts, MSA University, جامعة أكتوبر للعلوم الحديثة والآداب, Ceratonia siliqua, Liver fibrosis, Oxidative stress, Schistosoma mansoni, TIMP-2, alkaloid derivative, antiparasitic agent, catalase, Ceratonia siliqua extract, cinnamic acid derivative, collagen, gallic acid, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, kaempferol, nitrate, nitric oxide, nitrite, piceid, plant extract, praziquantel, protein Bax, quercitrin, superoxide dismutase, tannin derivative, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2, unclassified drug, antioxidant, catalase, glutathione, plant extract, superoxide dismutase, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2, animal cell, animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, apoptosis, Article, biosynthesis, Ceratonia siliqua, cercaria, controlled study, drug effect, drug efficacy, enzyme activity, histopathology, legume, lipid peroxidation, liver fibrosis, liver granuloma, male, mouse, nonhuman, oxidative stress, parasite identification, parasite load, protein content, protein expression, Schistosoma mansoni, schistosomiasis mansoni, treatment duration, treatment response, tumor volume, animal, chemistry, drug effects, enzymology, Fabaceae, genetics, human, liver, liver cirrhosis, metabolism, oxidative stress, parasitology, physiology, schistosomiasis mansoni, Animals, Antioxidants, Catalase, Fabaceae, Glutathione, Humans, Lipid Peroxidation, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Mice, Oxidative Stress, Plant Extracts, Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosomiasis mansoni, Superoxide Dismutase, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2