Olive (Olea europaea) leaf methanolic extract prevents HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis in rats by attenuating inflammation and augmenting antioxidant enzyme activities

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Date

2017

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Volume Title

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Article

Publisher

Elsevier Masson SAS

Series Info

Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy
91

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Abstract

Gastritis is preponderantly characterized by inflammation of the lining epithelial layer and the chronic gastritis is considered as a pre-cancer lesion. For many centuries olive (Olea europaea) leaf has been used for its putative health potential, nonetheless, to date, the gastroprotective effects of olive leaves have not been studied yet. Hence, in this study we investigated whether olive leaf extract (OLE) could protect gastric mucosa against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Hcl/ethanol administration caused significant damage to the gastric mucosa, as confirmed by gastric ulcer index and histological evaluation. However, this damage was largely prevented by pre-administering 20�mg/kg omeprazole or 100�mg/kg OLE. Interestingly, the damage was completely prevented by pre-administering 200 and 300�mg/kg OLE. Moreover, OLE attenuated the inflammatory response by decreasing nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B), cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) expressions, and down-regulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-1? (IL-1?) in gastric mucosa. The gastroprotective mechanism of OLE involved the promotion of enzymatic and nonenzymatic molecules (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione reduced form), promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA expression, halting lipid peroxidation and preventing the overproduction of nitric oxide. Together, our findings clearly demonstrated that OLE could prevent HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis by attenuating inflammation and oxidant/antioxidant imbalance. Indeed, OLE could potentially be useful as a natural therapy for gastritis. � 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS

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Scopus

Keywords

October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, University of Modern Sciences and Arts, MSA University, جامعة أكتوبر للعلوم الحديثة والآداب, Antioxidant, Gastritis, HCl/ethanol, Inflammation, Olive leaf, alcohol, catalase, cyclooxygenase 2, digestive tract agent, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, hydrochloric acid, immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin 1beta, messenger RNA, methanol, nitric oxide, Olea europaea extract, omeprazole, plant extract, superoxide dismutase, transcription factor Nrf2, tumor necrosis factor, unclassified drug, alcohol, antioxidant, hydrochloric acid, methanol, plant extract, animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, Article, controlled study, down regulation, enzyme activity, gastritis, lipid peroxidation, male, nonhuman, olive, plant leaf, priority journal, protein expression, rat, rat model, stomach mucosa, stomach protection, stomach ulcer, animal, body weight, chemically induced, chemistry, drug effects, enzymology, gastritis, high performance liquid chromatography, inflammation, metabolism, olive tree, oxidative stress, pathology, plant leaf, stomach ulcer, toxicity testing, Wistar rat, Animals, Antioxidants, Body Weight, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Ethanol, Gastritis, Hydrochloric Acid, Inflammation, Male, Methanol, Olea, Oxidative Stress, Plant Extracts, Plant Leaves, Rats, Wistar, Stomach Ulcer, Toxicity Tests, Acute

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