Faculty Of Pharmacy Graduation Project 2018 - 2019

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Browsing Faculty Of Pharmacy Graduation Project 2018 - 2019 by Subject "Clinical Pharmacy"

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    Assessment of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients (Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prevention) (RS502) (RSPL2.1)
    (October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 2019) Hesham Fawzy, Lojaine; Akmal El kilany, Nada; Hassan Mahdy, Shrouk; Mohamed Negm, Ibrahim
    Background: Anthracycline-based chemotherapy has played a significant role in the treatment of various breast cancer stages with reduced rates of both relapse and mortality. However their benefits have been limited due to their adverse events ranging from myelosuppression to well-established risk of cardiotoxicity. Aim: Investigate the correlation between incidence of cardiotoxicity and risk factors in breast cancer patients treated with Anthracyclines and outline current strategies for prevention of Anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity. Subjects and Method: 60 breast cancer patients, (stages II&IIIA), with age ranging from 30 to 65 years, newly diagnosed and scheduled for chemotherapy .Our study population were classified into group 1 (30 patients receiving Anthracycline-based chemotherapy) and group 2( 30 patients receiving Trastuzumab combined with anthracycline-based chemotherapy). Parameters to be measured: ejection fraction, blood pressure, body mass index, and baseline heart rate to record any case of Heart Failure (HF) following anthracyclines treatment. Results: The main comorbidities related to cardiotoxicity among study population were hypertension (44%), diabetes (31%), obesity (90%), and age above 55 years (48%). Baseline ejection fraction recorded for all patients ranges from (42% to 76%). (26 patients) had already diastolic dysfunction grade 1, but only (4 patients) had a substandard ejection fraction. (13 patients) had changes in chemotherapy regimen based on ejection fraction. Group (1) was associated with a HF incidence rate (6.7%) compared to group (2) having significantly increased HF incidence rate (20%). Conclusions: Group (2) had a significant increased incidence of cardiotoxicity. Our study,among previous studies, shed a light about routine echocardiography prior to anthracycline therapy and might eventually lead to current practice guidelines modifications.
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    Drug Prescribing Pattern in Intensive Care Unit of Al-Moalmeen Hospital in Egypt (RSPL2.6) (RS 501)
    (October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 2019) Yahia Abas, Ahmed; Mansour Boraik, Noran; Mohamed Nagy, Omar; Mohamed Hussien, Samah
    Background: The intensive care unit is a special setting in hospitals where patients with severe, life-threating conditions are admitted, these patients mostly suffer from serious infections among other conditions which increases the mortality, morbidity and cost of hospitalization. The presented study was conducted to assess the drug utilization pattern mostly concerning the antibiotics prescription in the ICU. Aim is to Assess the treatment outcome specially for different combined therapies used for the treatment of gram-negative bacterial infections in the ICU and degree of improvement and period of staying in the ICU. Materials and Methods Retrospective study conducted in Intensive Care Unit of Al-Moalmeen Hospital. Analysis conducted on 54 cases admitted to ICU in six months. The data included: Age, Diagnosis, Vital signs, Treatment plan, and the outcome. APACHE Score was used to measure disease severity. Inclusion criteria: Patients with gram-negative bacteria infection from sputum, blood, and urine cultures. Exclusion criteria: Patients with Glasgow coma scale less than 9, End-stage metastatic malignant cancer patients, patients with APACHE II score more than 34, ventilated patients upon admission. The data analyzed by performing statistics on “Graph Pad Prism”. Results: Total 54 cases showed 62-gram negative bacteria cultures; 9 blood, 28 urine and 15 sputum cultures, also 10 swabs. These 62-cultures showed 31 cases E-coli, 14 cases klebsiella, 11 pseudomonas, and 6 cases Acinetobacter. 40 out 62 microorganisms treated with monotherapy including (Meronem/Forutm/Maixpime/Rocephin/Tazocin). 22 out 62 microorganisms treated with combined therapy including (Meropenem/Tavanic, Meronem/Ciprofloxacin, Meronem/Tigacylcine, Maxipime / Tavanic, Colistin/Gentamycin, and Ciprofloxacin /Amikin). Treatment with antibiotics monotherapy and combined therapy, empirical and targeted antibiotics therapy and Meronem antibiotic monotherapy and combined therapy didn’t show significant differences regarding mortality and survival rates.