MSA Repository "MSAR"
MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.
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Recent Submissions
Metformin-loaded bioinspired mesoporous silica nanoparticles for targeted melanoma therapy: Nanotopographical design with in vitro and in vivo evaluation
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-03-23) Omar A. Elkady; Mai A. Zaafan; Marian George; Nadeen Ashraf Elsayed; Verina Ghaly Mettias; Verina Sameh Edward; Dina Saeed Ghataty
Bioinspired nanotopographical carriers have emerged as innovative cancer therapy strategies, mimicking natural
processes to enhance targeted delivery and reduce systemic toxicity. This study presents the development of
virus-like mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) as a delivery platform for repurposed metformin (MTF) in a
topical multi-stimuli responsive system for melanoma treatment. Metformin-loaded virus-like MSN (MTF-MSN)
were fabricated and incorporated into a thermo-responsive gelling system. The particles were evaluated for
morphology, zeta potential (ZP), particle size (PS), entrapment efficiency (EE%), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, MTT cytotoxicity assay, in vitro release, and in a melanoma in vivo model. The particles
exhibited a spherical morphology, a zeta potential of +31.9 ± 1.45 mV, and a particle size of 197 ± 3.47 nm,
ideal for skin penetration. MTF-MSN demonstrated significant antiproliferative activity against melanoma A375
cells, with lower IC50 values (192 μg/mL) compared to free MTF (>300 μg/mL). Sustained, pH-sensitive MTF
release was observed over 48 h at pH 7.4 and 6 h at pH 5.5. In vivo studies showed enhanced anti-cancer efficacy
of MTF-MSN, evidenced by elevated caspase-3 and Neurofibromin Type-1 (NF-1) levels, along with suppressed
angiogenesis markers VEGF and NRAS. The MTF-MSN-treated group exhibited superior outcomes compared to
free MTF and controls (p < 0.05). This innovative bioinspired MTF-MSN hydrogel system optimizes MTF delivery
for melanoma therapy, pioneering advancements in drug repurposing and nano-oncology.
Extraction of grape seeds by different solvents affects the activities of the resultant extract
(Springer Open, 2025-03-19) Kareem Tarek; Alyaa Farid; Gehan Safwat
Phenolic compounds are concentrated in grape seeds; 60–70% of the extractable grape phenols are found in the
seeds. The focus of this research was to isolate the phytochemicals from grape seed and to determine their ability
to prevent haemolysis, their antioxidant and microbiological activities. By using the extraction procedure, three
solvents were used (distilled water, ethanol and methanol). A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC)
test was performed to analyse the phenolic compounds and flavonoids content that were used to determine
the efficiency of the various solvents used in the extraction process. All the variables under study, namely yield
percentage, phenolic component concentration, and flavonoid content got significantly affected by the choice
of the solvent used. The flavonoid content of the extracts was in the order methanolic extract>ethanolic
extract>water extract. The methanolic extract of the grape seeds exhibited the most powerful antioxidant
and hemolysis inhibitory effects among the three extracts, followed by the ethanolic and water extracts. The
antibacterial activity of methanolic extract was found to be higher as compared to the ethanolic extract against
Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts against Salmonella
enteritidis, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Escherichia coli were found to be equivalent. In conclusion, grape
seeds contained several bioactive compounds that exerted an antioxidant, hemolysis inhibition and anti-microbial
activities. These activities depends on the concentration of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the grape seed
extracts. Methanol was the superior solvent in the extraction process followed by ethanol.
Role of noncoding RNA as a pacemaker in cancer stem cell regulation: a review article
(National Cancer Institute, 2025-03-24) Yasmin M. Attia; Samer A. Tadros; Sally A. Fahim; Doaa M. Badr
Accumulated evidence supported the crucial role of a tiny population of cells within the tumor called cancer stem
cells (CSCs) in cancer origination, and proliferation. Additionally, these cells are distinguished by their self-renewal,
diferentiation, and therapeutic resistance capabilities. Interestingly, many studies recorded dysregulation of diferent types of noncoding RNAs, such as microRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (LncRNA), in cancer cells as well
as CSCs. Moreover, several studies also supported the regulation of the transcription factors and signaling pathways
required for CSC progression by these noncoding RNAs. However, the exact biological functions of all these noncoding RNAs are not well understood yet. These fndings are of great interest, implying usage of noncoding RNA
as therapeutic tool to target these cells. In this review, we provide an insight into how noncoding RNAs regulate CSCs
and how this correlation is manipulated to develop new therapies to eradicate cancer cells successfully
Stability-indicating spectrophotometric manipulations for the determination of Letrozole in the presence of its alkaliinduced degradation products; towards whiteness and ChlorTox scale perspectives
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025-03-08) Nourhan A. Abd El-Fatah; Manal Mohammed Fouad; Maha A. Hegazy; Ghada M. El-Sayed
Letrozole (LTZ) is an established first hormonal treatment for breast cancer, yet it was found to be highly
susceptible for degradation in alkaline medium due to the presence of cyano phenyl group. Consequently, three
stability-indicating spectrophotometric manipulations for LTZ quantification in presence of its alkali-induced
degradation products were developed for the first time; ensuring methods’ simplicity, sensitivity and accuracy. The
first method was Second derivative (D2) by recording peak amplitude of the drug at 226.8 nm. The second method
was Ratio difference (RD) where the peak amplitude were recorded at wavelengths 240.0 nm and 258.0 nm. The
third method was First derivative of ratio spectra (DD1) through recording peak amplitude at 246.0 nm. Linearity
ranged from 1.00 to 16.00 µg/mL for D2, while from 3.00 to 16.00 µg/mL for RD and DD1 with adequate recoveries
100.02±1.371, 100.05±1.972 and 100.40±1.223 for D2, RD and DD1, respectively. The proposed methods were
validated as per ICH guidelines, and were successfully applied for determination of LTZ in bulk powder, laboratoryprepared mixtures, and pharmaceutical formulation. The Whiteness tool, using the RBG12 algorithm, was employed
to evaluate environmental aspects, as well, ChlorTox scale was used to assess chemicals’ hazards for this study
Biorefnery practice for valorizing Mediterranean bloomed Pterocladia capillacea into valued and sustainable bioproducts with numerous green solicitations
(Springer Nature, 2025-03-04) N. Sh. El‑Gendy; H. N. Nassar; A. R. Ismail; H. R. Ali; B. A. Ali; K. M. Abdelsalam; M. Mubarak
As a solution for ecosystem bioremediation from the gigantic red seaweed proliferation across the Mediterranean shorelines,
this work investigates the efective utilization of Pterocladia capillacea to produce diferent esteemed and viable bioproducts.
The nutritional composition of approximately 6.88±0.31%, 20.15±0.2%, 42.16±0.3%, and 2.51±0.05% (w:w) protein,
fber, carbohydrate, and lipid, respectively, promotes its application in the human food and animal fodder industries. Its
N+ P2O5+ K2O, undesirable heavy metals, organic carbon, and organic matter contents of 5.48±0.07%, 2.82±0.15 mg/
kg, 16.11±0.15%, and 27.71±0.26% are all within the ranges allowed by the Egyptian standard for organic fertilizer. Its
calorifc value of 16.16±0.5 MJ/kg and relatively low ash and heavy metals contents are in accordance with the international
standards for primary solid biofuel. Its relatively high holocellulose content of 44±0.5% (w/w) recommends its applicability
in the liquid biofuels sector. Further, via a pioneering practice, a sequential, eco-friendly, and fully integrated bioprocess Pt.
capillacea biomass is valorized into natural pigments of approximately 5.05±0.05 mg/g total chlorophyll, 2.12±0.05 mg/g
carotenoids, phycobiliproteins of approximately 1.33±0.05 mg/g phycocyanin, 3.07±0.05 mg/g allophycocyanin, and
0.97±0.05 mg/g phycoerythrin, hydrocolloids of approximately 28.21±2.5% carrageenan and 20.46±1.5% agar, and fnally
cellulose of approximately 20.15±1.5%. Additionally, the extracted carrageenan proved an efcient antimicrobial action
against pathogenic microorganisms that supports its use for water densifcation, food packing, and wound dressing.