MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

 

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Eco-friendly production of biodiesel from Carthamus tinctorius L. seeds using bismuth oxide nanocatalysts derived from Cannabis sativa L. Leaf extract
(Institution of Chemical Engineers, 2024-08) Abbasi, Tehreem Usman; Ahmad, Mushtaq; Alsahli, Abdulaziz Abdullah; Asma, Maliha; b, Rozina; Mussagy, Cassamo Ussemane; Abdellatief, Tamer M.M; Pastore, Carlo; Mustafa, Ahmad
Global challenges in environmental protection, social welfare, and economic growth necessitate increased energy production and related services. Biofuel production from waste biomass presents a promising solution, given its widespread availability. This study focuses on converting highly potent Carthamus tinctorius L. seed oil (51 % w/w) into sustainable biofuel using a novel, highly reactive, recyclable, and eco-friendly bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nano-catalyst derived from Cannabis sativa L. leaf extract. The physio-chemical properties of the synthesized biodiesel were analyzed using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, the green Bi2O3 nanoparticles were characterized through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Diffraction X-Ray (EDX), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Optimal conditions for biodiesel production were determined using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in combination with Central Composite Design (CCD), focusing on molar ratio, catalyst loading, and reaction duration. The highest output (94 %) of C. tinctorius-derived biodiesel (CTBD) was achieved under the following conditions: a temperature (75 °C) for time duration (100 min), a methanol to oil ratio (6:1), and a catalyst loading (0.69 wt%). The resulting biodiesel met international standards, with a sulphur content of 0.00097 wt%, and an acid value of (0.34 mg KOH/g). This study demonstrates that converting C. tinctorius waste seed oil into clean bioenergy is an effective waste management strategy that minimizes environmental impact.
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Optimizing the magnetic field strength and concentration of silica coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia
(Elsevier B.V, 2024-09) Iqbal, Yousaf; Shah, Waqar Hussain; Khan, Muhammad Yaqoob; Ahmed, Pervaiz; Qureshi, Muhammad Tauseef; Khaled, Azza Mohamed; Salem, Marwa Syed
A therapeutic breakthrough in cancer treatment has recently been made by using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for heating in hyperthermia therapy. Unapproachable tumors are being effectively destroyed by focused heat produced by MNPs. The major challenges regarding practical application of this therapy include the control and improvement of induction heating ability of MNPs and hyperthermia temperature range between 42–47 °C, for secure treatment at targeted area. Here, in this study, we have reported the synthesis and characterization of core–shell structured silica-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (SiO2 coated CoFe2O4 MNPs), which are potential candidates for use as heat source in magnetic hyperthermia therapy. The SiO2 coated CoFe2O4 MNPs were synthesized using the reverse micelle method, with the SiO2 coating performed simultaneously during MNP synthesis. Various analytical tools were utilized for the characterization. The structural measurements were probed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Monodisperse MNPs with nearly spherical core–shell structure was revealed by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results. The average diameter of MNPs obtained from TEM analysis was 15 nm. The surface coating of cobalt ferrite MNPs with silica was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The saturation magnetization values obtained using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements were 45.74 emu/g, revealing the superparamagnetic nature of the nanoparticles. The heating efficiency of different concentrations of synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated in an aqueous solution under an alternating magnetic field of strength 5.5 kA/m at a frequency of 260 kHz. A saturation temperature of 42 °C was attained at an optimum concentration of 1.7 mg/mL, while a magnetic field strength of 3.9 kA/m achieved 42 °C at a fixed concentration of 3.5 mg/ml. The obtained specific absorption rate (SAR) values for all the samples were between 56.23 to 100.1 W/g. The correlation between SAR values, MNP concentration, and applied magnetic field strength was also examined. The high saturation magnetization, efficient heating rates, and high SAR values make our synthesized silica-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles promising candidates for magnetic hyperthermia treatments, potentially improving therapeutic outcomes for cancer patients.
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The antitumour efficacy of hesperidin vs. cisplatin against non‑small lung cancer cells A549 and H460 via targeting the miR‑34a/PD-L1/NF-κB signalling pathway
(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2024-08) Ibrahim, Sherine M; Sayed, Maryam S; Abo-Elmatty, Dina M; Mesbah, Noha M; Abdel-Hamed, Asmaa R
Introduction: Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer, causing worldwide mortality. Therefore, this study is necessary for continuing research into new effective and safe treatments. Recently, herbal medicines have been used for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer. This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-proliferative activity and investigate the mechanisms of hesperidin extract on the non-small lung cancer cells A549 and H460 vs. cisplatin via targeting the miR 34a/PD-L1/NF-κB signalling pathway. Material and methods: To determine the cytotoxic effects of the hesperidin extract on non-small lung cancer cells, sulphorhdamine B assay was performed. To show the inhibition of migration by hesperidin extract, wound healing assay was conducted. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction test was used to quantify the expressions of miR-34a, programmed cell death ligand-1 (PDL-1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and P53 genes, which are involved in apoptosis pathway. Also, cell cycle assay was performed by using a flow cytometer. Results: The hesperidin extract could significantly inhibit proliferation of non-small lung cancer cells A549 and H460. Western blot assay demonstrated that hesperidin induced suppression of nuclear factor κB signalling pathway. The messenger RNA expression levels of MiR-34a and P53 were up-regulated significantly by hesperidin treatment, while the EGFR and P53 genes were down-regulated. The flow cytometer confirmed that cell cycle arrest occurred at the sub-G1 and G2 phases in A549 and H460, respectively. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that hesperidin extract could significantly inhibit non-small lung cancer cell growth by induction of the apoptosis signalling pathway. Therefore, hesperidin might open novel strategies for effective and safe cancer treatment and reduce the adverse side effects of several chemotherapeutic treatments such as cisplatin.
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Chromosomal instability: a key driver in glioma pathogenesis and progression
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2024-09) Mazzoleni, Adele; Awuah, Wireko Andrew; Sanker, Vivek; Bharadwaj, Hareesha Rishab; Aderinto, Nicholas; Tan, Joecelyn Kirani; Huang, Helen Ye Rim; Poornaselvan, Jeisun; Shah, Muhammad Hamza; Atallah, Oday; Tawfk, Aya; Elmanzalawi, Mohamed Elsayed Abdelmeguid Elsayed; Ghozlan, Sama Hesham; Abdul‑Rahman, Toufk; Moyondafoluwa, Jeremiah Adepoju; Alexiou, Athanasios; Papadakis, Marios
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a pivotal factor in gliomas, contributing to their complexity, progression, and thera‑ peutic challenges. CIN, characterized by frequent genomic alterations during mitosis, leads to genetic abnormali‑ ties and impacts cellular functions. This instability results from various factors, including replication errors and toxic compounds. While CIN’s role is well documented in cancers like ovarian cancer, its implications for gliomas are increasingly recognized. CIN infuences glioma progression by afecting key oncological pathways, such as tumor sup‑ pressor genes (e.g., TP53), oncogenes (e.g., EGFR), and DNA repair mechanisms. It drives tumor evolution, promotes infammatory signaling, and afects immune interactions, potentially leading to poor clinical outcomes and treatment resistance. This review examines CIN’s impact on gliomas through a narrative approach, analyzing data from Pub‑ Med/Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus. It highlights CIN’s role across glioma subtypes, from adult glioblastomas and astrocytomas to pediatric oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas. Key fndings include CIN’s efect on tumor heterogeneity and its potential as a biomarker for early detection and monitoring. Emerging therapies tar‑ geting CIN, such as those modulating tumor mutation burden and DNA damage response pathways, show promise but face challenges. The review underscores the need for integrated therapeutic strategies and improved bioinfor‑ matics tools like CINdex to advance understanding and treatment of gliomas. Future research should focus on com‑ bining CIN-targeted therapies with immune modulation and personalized medicine to enhance patient outcomes.
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Cinema in the Levant
(Taylor and Francis, 2024-06) Salah El Din, Reham
The Levant region, which includes Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Palestine, has a diverse history with various linguistic, religious, and ethnic communities. Filmmakers in these countries share common themes that highlight the unique features of film production in the Levant region, and Levant cinema is generally united by its focus on war and political turmoil. Despite not being as prolific as Egyptian cinema, Levant cinema has won numerous international film festival awards and showcases the region's diverse cultures. Overall, it is a rich and complex tapestry reflecting the realities of life in a war-torn region.