MSA Repository "MSAR"
MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.
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Recent Submissions
Non-coding RNAs: emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer and inflammatory diseases
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025-03-10) Basma Hossam Abdelmonem; Lereen T. Kamal; Lilian Waheed Wardy; Manon Ragheb; Mireille M. Hanna; Mohamed Elsharkawy; Anwar Abdelnaser
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have a significant role in gene regulation, especially in
cancer and inflammatory diseases. ncRNAs, such as microRNA, long non-coding
RNAs, and circular RNAs, alter the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and
epigenetic gene expression levels. These molecules act as biomarkers and
possible therapeutic targets because aberrant ncRNA expression has been directly
connected to tumor progression, metastasis, and response to therapy in cancer
research. ncRNAs’ interactions with multiple cellular pathways, including MAPK, Wnt,
and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, impact cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, and
immune responses. The potential of RNA-based therapeutics, such as antimicroRNA and microRNA mimics, to restore normal gene expression is being
actively studied. Additionally, the tissue-specific expression patterns of ncRNAs
offer unique opportunities for targeted therapy. Specificity, stability, and immune
responses are obstacles to the therapeutic use of ncRNAs; however, novel strategies,
such as modified oligonucleotides and targeted delivery systems, are being
developed. ncRNA profiling may result in more individualized and successful
treatments as precision medicine advances, improving patient outcomes and
creating early diagnosis and monitoring opportunities. The current review aims to
investigate the roles of ncRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in
cancer and inflammatory diseases, focusing on their mechanisms in gene regulation
and their implications for non-invasive diagnostics and targeted therapies. A
comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google
Scholar, focusing on research published between 2014 and 2025. Studies were
selected based on rigorous inclusion criteria, including peer-reviewed status and
relevance to ncRNA roles in cancer and inflammatory diseases. Non-English, nonpeer-reviewed, and inconclusive studies were excluded. This approach ensures that
the findings presented are based on high-quality and relevant sources
Plant-derived Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications
(Tsinghua University Press, 2025-03-12) Mohamed Abdelmonem; Romesa Soomro; Norazalina Saad; Mohamed Ahmed Ibrahim; Kim Wei Chan; Emmellie Laura Albert; Emma Ziezie Tarmizie; Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah
The biomedical applications of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) synthesized using environmentally
friendly processes are extremely promising. Using eco-friendly and nontoxic methods is a safer
alternative to conventional chemical synthesis, which generates toxic byproducts. It allows for greater
control over particle size and morphology. The resulting unique magnetic and optical properties of
IONPs enable their use in biomedical applications such as magnetic hyperthermia (MH) and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI). This review aimed to summarize recent advances in the synthesis,
characterization, and biosafety of IONPs for use in MH and MRI. It also aimed to highlight the
significance of eco-friendly synthesis techniques for producing IONPs with the desired magnetic and
physicochemical properties. Overall, this review elucidated the most efficient methods for utilizing
iron oxide while considering biocompatibility.
Effect of archwire size on the rate of canine retraction in adult women: A randomized clinical trial
(Urban und Vogel, 2025-03-25) Aml Saeed Mohamed Abdelkader; Mohamed Abd El-Ghafour; Heba Mohamed Dehis; Fouad Aly El Sharaby; Amr H. Labib
Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the rate of upper canine retraction utilizing three different sizes of archwires. Materials and methods: In all, 36 upper canines of 18 adult females (21 ± 5 years) were allocated into three-arm parallel groups where canine retraction was attempted. In the first group (G16) 0.016–0.022-inch stainless steel wires (SS) were applied, in the second group (G17) 0.017–0.025-inch SS, and in the third group (G19) 0.019–0.025-inch SS, respectively. The eligibility criteria included patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion that required extraction of first premolars as part of their treatment, mild crowding (< 5 mm), and full permanent dentition. Patients with active periodontal disease, systemic disease, medications or habits that would affect tooth movement were excluded. Randomization was performed using computer-generated numbers and the participants were allocated to each group according to their number in the randomization sheet. Canines were retracted using a closed nickel–titanium coil spring applying 1.5 N retraction force. The primary outcome of the study was the rate of canine retraction measured on three-dimensional (3D) digital models. Secondary outcomes were changes in canine tipping and root length that were assessed with CBCT scans, and the amount of first molar anchorage loss measured on the 3D digital models. The study was double blinded in which both the participants and the outcome assessor were blinded. Data were analyzed using ANOVA for the three groups. Paired sample t-test was used within each group. Results: A total of 32 canines were analyzed: 12 in G16, 10 in G17, and 10 in G19. The average distance moved by the canines per month was 0.9 ± 0.89, 0.68 ± 0.81, and 0.76 ± 0.98 mm in G16, G17, and G19, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the three groups (P = 0.2). A statistically significant root resorption was observed in G19 compared to the other two groups (P = 0.024). Additionally, anchorage loss was greater in G17 and G19 compared to G16. A nonsignificant difference was detected between the three groups regarding the change in canine tipping. No harms were reported during the trial. Conclusions: Archwire sizes utilized in the current study showed no significant effect on the rate of canine retraction or tipping. However, wires with large sizes had more adverse effects with respect to root resorption and anchorage loss. Trial registration: The trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov with ID: NCT04020952. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2025.
Metformin-loaded bioinspired mesoporous silica nanoparticles for targeted melanoma therapy: Nanotopographical design with in vitro and in vivo evaluation
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-03-23) Omar A. Elkady; Mai A. Zaafan; Marian George; Nadeen Ashraf Elsayed; Verina Ghaly Mettias; Verina Sameh Edward; Dina Saeed Ghataty
Bioinspired nanotopographical carriers have emerged as innovative cancer therapy strategies, mimicking natural
processes to enhance targeted delivery and reduce systemic toxicity. This study presents the development of
virus-like mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) as a delivery platform for repurposed metformin (MTF) in a
topical multi-stimuli responsive system for melanoma treatment. Metformin-loaded virus-like MSN (MTF-MSN)
were fabricated and incorporated into a thermo-responsive gelling system. The particles were evaluated for
morphology, zeta potential (ZP), particle size (PS), entrapment efficiency (EE%), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, MTT cytotoxicity assay, in vitro release, and in a melanoma in vivo model. The particles
exhibited a spherical morphology, a zeta potential of +31.9 ± 1.45 mV, and a particle size of 197 ± 3.47 nm,
ideal for skin penetration. MTF-MSN demonstrated significant antiproliferative activity against melanoma A375
cells, with lower IC50 values (192 μg/mL) compared to free MTF (>300 μg/mL). Sustained, pH-sensitive MTF
release was observed over 48 h at pH 7.4 and 6 h at pH 5.5. In vivo studies showed enhanced anti-cancer efficacy
of MTF-MSN, evidenced by elevated caspase-3 and Neurofibromin Type-1 (NF-1) levels, along with suppressed
angiogenesis markers VEGF and NRAS. The MTF-MSN-treated group exhibited superior outcomes compared to
free MTF and controls (p < 0.05). This innovative bioinspired MTF-MSN hydrogel system optimizes MTF delivery
for melanoma therapy, pioneering advancements in drug repurposing and nano-oncology.
Extraction of grape seeds by different solvents affects the activities of the resultant extract
(Springer Open, 2025-03-19) Kareem Tarek; Alyaa Farid; Gehan Safwat
Phenolic compounds are concentrated in grape seeds; 60–70% of the extractable grape phenols are found in the
seeds. The focus of this research was to isolate the phytochemicals from grape seed and to determine their ability
to prevent haemolysis, their antioxidant and microbiological activities. By using the extraction procedure, three
solvents were used (distilled water, ethanol and methanol). A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC)
test was performed to analyse the phenolic compounds and flavonoids content that were used to determine
the efficiency of the various solvents used in the extraction process. All the variables under study, namely yield
percentage, phenolic component concentration, and flavonoid content got significantly affected by the choice
of the solvent used. The flavonoid content of the extracts was in the order methanolic extract>ethanolic
extract>water extract. The methanolic extract of the grape seeds exhibited the most powerful antioxidant
and hemolysis inhibitory effects among the three extracts, followed by the ethanolic and water extracts. The
antibacterial activity of methanolic extract was found to be higher as compared to the ethanolic extract against
Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity of the ethanolic and methanolic extracts against Salmonella
enteritidis, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Escherichia coli were found to be equivalent. In conclusion, grape
seeds contained several bioactive compounds that exerted an antioxidant, hemolysis inhibition and anti-microbial
activities. These activities depends on the concentration of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the grape seed
extracts. Methanol was the superior solvent in the extraction process followed by ethanol.