MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

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RESEARCH & LANGUAGES CENTERS 18

Recent Submissions

Antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants of E. coli isolated from companion animals: A potential public health concern
(Elsevier B.V., 2026-02-03) Fatma Abdel-Kader; Yusuf Mohamad; Elshaimaa Ismael; Dalia Hamza; AShraf Bakkar; Manal Zaki
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Escherichia coli, particularly extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing strains, poses a significant zoonotic risk. This study investigates the prevalence of AMR and virulence determinants in E. coli isolated from dogs and cats in Egypt. A total of 102 rectal swabs were analyzed, with E. coli recovered from 55 (53.9 %) samples, more frequently in cats (19/30; 63.3 %) than in dogs (36/72; 50 %). ESBL-producing isolates were detected in both healthy (5/28; 17.9 %) and diseased (6/27; 22.2 %) animals. The most common resistance genes were blaTEM and blaCTX-M, often occurring with blaCMY-2. Although phenotypic carbapenem resistance was uncommon (5.45 %), carbapenemase-encoding genes were identified in 60 % of isolates, suggesting a potential but unconfirmed reservoir of resistance. Virulence gene profiling revealed that most isolates carry virulence genes primarily associated with extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), followed by enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), with both detected in diseased and asymptomatic animals. Cluster analysis demonstrated strong associations between AMR and virulence determinants, underscoring the convergence of resistance and pathogenic potential. These findings highlight the coexistence of resistance and virulence genes in companion animal E. coli, and reinforce the need for prudent antimicrobial use and One Health-based surveillance to limit the emergence and dissemination of AMR.
The mediating role of Artificial Intelligence on the relationship between intangible assets and equity market value: evidence from global context
(Springer Naturew, 2025-11-02) marwa Rabe Mohamed Ali Elkmash; Sherif El-Halaby; Sherif Nagy Mohamed
While intangible assets (IA) are key drivers of equity market value (EMV) in the knowledge economy, the mediating role of artificial intelligence (AI) in this relationship varies globally. This study investigates the assumption that the value-creating interaction between intangible assets and artificial intelligence is uniform worldwide. The study tests the mediating role of artificial intelligence on the relationship between intangible assets and equity market value, and examines the moderator role of market type (Emerging vs. Developed). Using a longitudinal panel data (2020–2024) of a global sample from the Communication & Information Technology firms, we analyzed data using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) regression. The results confirm the significant role of AI in the relationship between IA and EMV, and reveal a key difference between the market groups. The impact of IA and EMV on AI adoption is more transparent and more efficient in Developed Markets (DM). Similarly, the analysis reveals two key findings: first, AI has a substantial direct impact on developed-market (DM) firms; second, more critically, the synergistic interaction between AI and IA is significantly enhanced in this context. Consequently, our models explain a larger proportion of the variance in DM firm valuation, offering robust empirical confirmation of the hypothesized valuation gap. This study provides strong evidence that the resource-based view should be understood within the context of market-type frameworks. We identify the “IA-AI valuation gap” and outline specific strategic imperatives: Emerging Market (EM) firms need to focus on developing foundational (IA) before fully integrating deep AI. In contrast, Developed Market (DM) firms should concentrate on using AI to enhance the value of their existing IA. Policymakers should address this gap by strengthening key institutional supports, such as intellectual property protection and digital infrastructure.
Synthesis of Nano-Echinochrome extracted from Tubipora musica by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CPFD8, and its potential medical applications as an anti-Alzheimer agent
(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2025-06-17) S.A. H. Hamdi; N.N. Mostafa; M.F. Fol; F. Medhat; I. Osama; N. Elsayed; S.H. Ismail; S.M. Korany; H. Sonbol; S. A. Alsaghir; M.N.Abd El-Ghany
Natural products derived from marine organisms have emerged as promising sources of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-Alzheimer properties of nano-Echinochrome extracted from the pipe organ coral, Tubipora musica. Echinochrome, a red pigment, was extracted biologically using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CPFD8, and its yield was quantified via HPLC analysis. The extracted echinochrome was subjected to ultrasound-assisted green synthesis to produce nanoparticles. Characterization of the nano-echinochrome carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential. The antimicrobial assay revealed significant antibacterial effects, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, and moderate antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus as well as significant effects as anti-Helicobacter pylori. Additionally, the nano-echinochrome demonstrated substantial antioxidant effects in the DPPH radical scavenging assay and notable anti-inflammatory effects through COX-1/COX-2 inhibition assays. The anti-Alzheimer potential was also demonstrated by significantly inhibiting butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzyme activity. In conclusion, these findings suggest the potential of nano-echinochrome as a multipurpose therapeutic agent capable of attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation, microbial infections, and Alzheimer's disease.
Effective esterification of sewage sludge lipid feedstock into biodiesel using sulfated-based ZrO2 – SiO2 nanocomposite
(Elsevier Ltd, 2026-01-01) Kholoud A. Ali; Shaimaa M. Ibrahim; Sahar A. El– Molla; Ahmad Mustafa; Carlo Pastore; Luigi di Bitonto; Martin Hájek; Mona A. Naghmash
A novel sulfated ZrO2-SiO2 nanocomposite has been synthesized using the impregnation process and rigorously evaluated for its efficacy in biodiesel generation by the esterification of either pure free fatty acid (stearic acid) or mixed fatty acids (sewage sludge) as a promising lipid feedstock. The synthesized catalysts were distinguished by SEM, EDX, FT-IR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, (NH3-TPD) analysis, and FT-IR following pyridine adsorption. The outcomes of these analyses revealed that sulfated silica was successfully modified with zirconia, resulting in both the largest production of strong acidic sites and the highest number of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. The most promising catalyst was the sulfated silica treated with 0.2 % zirconia, where the percentage of the esterification of sewage sludge lipid feedstock and stearic acid at the optimum condition rises to almost 94.5 % and 92 %, respectively. Thermodynamic, pseudo-first order kinetic characteristics and the reusability for fourth runs of sewage sludge esterification onto the optimized zirconia catalyst were examined. Modelling of the sewage sludge esterification via response surface methodology was investigated. The esterification mechanism between the fatty acid and the most effective catalyst was illustrated through the use of a computational chemistry study.
Insights into histidine-assisted mitigation of pretreatment-derived inhibitors for sustainable sugar platform biorefinery
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-10-15) Zicheng Liu; Meysam Madadi; Guojie Song; Chihe Sun; Hong Yan; Xingmei Lu; Nour Sh. El-Gendy; Qing Zhou; Fubao Sun
Inhibitory compounds generated during the acidic pretreatment of lignocellulose (carbohydrate- and lignin-derived byproducts) hinder enzymatic hydrolysis by forming pseudo-lignin and restricting enzyme access to substrate. Enhancing (hemi)cellulase tolerance to these inhibitors could improve hydrolysis efficiency and reduce the need for costly detoxification steps. This study investigates the role of amino acids with diverse physicochemical properties in mitigating these effects, with a particular focus on histidine. Our findings show that charged amino acids—histidine (His), arginine (Arg), aspartic acid (Asp), and glutamic acid (Glu)—were most effective in improving glucose yields, which increased to over 60 % after 48 h of hydrolysis, compared to 46.7 % in the control. These amino acids also reduced pseudo-lignin formation, decreasing lignin content from 35.7 % to 21–25 %. His exhibited the highest inhibitor removal efficiency (91.2 %), followed by Asp (88.4 %), Glu (86.9 %), and Arg (86.5 %). In-depth in vitro and in silico analyses revealed that His’s imidazole side chain facilitated multiple synergistic interactions, including electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and van der Waals forces, contributing to its superior binding characteristics. His demonstrated the highest binding constant (Ka: 69.18) and the most negative free energy ( ΔG : −11.4), enhancing the stability of inhibitor-enzyme complexes. These findings position histidine as a promising candidate for engineering next-generation (hemi)cellulases with enhanced inhibitor resistance, thereby improving the efficiency of lignocellulose conversion in sustainable biorefineries.