MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

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MSA Journals 141
A Full content for MSA university Faculties Journals
MSA Theses 5
A digital collection of MSA University postgraduate theses, including PhD and Master’s theses, organized by academic degree and faculty.
MSA University Academic Graduation Projects 1153
A Full content for msa university Distinguished Graduation Projects Yearbook
MSA University Academic Research 3846
MSA University Campus 2
Images for MSA University " sites - building - landscape "

Recent Submissions

Biofilm-Mediated Bacterial Sorption onto Microplastics in Water: Mechanistic Pathways, Plastisphere Formation, and Implications for Disinfection Performance
(Springer Nature, 2026-10-16) Kassim Chabi; Jinjin Fu; Mahmoud Gad; Xinyan Xiao; Nashwa Hamido; Fidèle Suanon; Daouda Mama; Lei Wang; Xin Yu
Microplastic-associated biofilms represent emerging interfaces for microbial attachment, persistence, and transport in aquatic environments, yet the mechanisms governing bacterial sorption onto microplastics and their implications for water treatment remain insufficiently resolved. This study investigated bacterial colonization, sorption behavior, plastisphere assembly, and disinfection interference associated with microplastics in water using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface analysis, confocal laser scanning microscopy, flow cytometry, and chlorine disinfection assays. Microplastics recovered from raw surface water showed pronounced surface modification and altered functional groups. Biofilm formation and extracellular polymeric substances were clearly observed on microplastic surfaces after exposure to water. The maximum thickness of the bottom biofilm layer in contact with the microplastics reached 43.4 μm, whereas the upper biofilm layer reached 19.53 μm. Sequencing analysis indicated that microplastics altered bacterial community structure and supported distinct plastisphere assemblages compared with the surrounding water phase. Adsorption and desorption assays demonstrated that bacteria could attach and detach from microplastics. The maximum numbers of Escherichia-Shigella attached to and detached from microplastics were approximately 4 × 105 CFU/mL and 2 × 10⁶ CFU/mL, respectively. Notably, the presence of microplastics reduced the effectiveness of chlorine disinfection against Escherichia-Shigella, suggesting that microplastic-associated bacteria may be partially protected from oxidative inactivation. These findings demonstrate that microplastics are not merely passive particles in water but dynamic microbial carriers that can influence bacterial persistence, community assembly, and treatment efficiency. The results highlight the need to incorporate microplastic-biofilm interactions into water-quality assessment and disinfection-risk frameworks.
A Validated RP-HPLC Method for the Concurrent Quantification of Two Amlodipine-Based Ternary Mixtures With a Trio Color-Coded Sustainability Assessment
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2026-10-15) Omnia Bassam Hassan; Ehab F. ElKady; Asmaa A. El-Zaher; Rawda M. Sayed
Amlodipine (AML) is a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that is extensively prescribed for the management of hypertension, either as monotherapy or in combination therapy. A trio-colored validated RP-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the concurrent quantification of two AML-based ternary pharmaceutical preparations representing five different cardiovascular drugs with structural and thermodynamic divergence. The first mixture was AML, indapamide (IND), and perindopril (PER) (Mixture 1), and the second mixture was AML, hydrochlorothiazide (HCZ), and atenolol (ATN) (Mixture 2). Optimized chromatographic conditions were attained using the core–shell, endcapped Kinetex C18 column as the stationary phase, potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH = 7.5):acetonitrile in ratio of 50:50 (v/v) as the mobile phase at 0.8 mL min−1 flow rate, and 215 nm as the UV detection wavelength. The developed method was validated in accordance with International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines over linearity ranges of 1–60, 1–15, and 1–60 µg mL−1 for AML, IND, and PER, respectively, in Mixture 1, and 1–20, 1–100, and 1–200 µg mL−1 for AML, HCZ, and ATN, respectively, in Mixture 2 with regression coefficients (r2) greater than 0.9996 for all of the cited drugs. The developed method was successfully applied for determination of the cited drugs in laboratory-prepared mixtures and in pharmaceutical dosage forms with satisfactory recovery results. Moreover, greenness, blueness, and whiteness assessment were employed using Analytical GREEnness metric, Blue Applicability Grade Index, and Red Green and Blue model, respectively, demonstrating the environmental, practical, and sustainable efficiency of the developed method.
Correlation between vitamin D blood levels and implant success: a prospective cohort study
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2026-10-14) Shaimaa Saieed Nasr; Ramy Moustafa Moustafa Ali; Rania Ihab Younis; Shahinaz Gamaleldin Mohamed Elashiry; Nabil Ahmad Ibrahim; Mohamed Hamdy Mahmoud Ismail
Background: Vitamin D is a fat-soluble hormone that can be produced in the skin by Ultra-Violet (UV) light exposure or acquired through diet. Vitamin D is currently of relevance to dentists placing dental implants because it plays a role in bone metabolism and controls the immune system. There is some evidence that the osseointegration process of dental implants is favorably correlated with the proper concentration of this prohormone. Several studies have demonstrated that vitamin D may be crucial for both the integration of the implant into bone tissue and the postoperative tissue repair process. Aim: The aim of this study was to find out if there was a correlation between serum vitamin D levels and implant success. Methods: This study was conducted on 100 patients divided into two equal groups who received single dental implant to restore single missing tooth. After implant placement, patients were not advised to receive any supplements for 3 months. Patient’s serum level of vitamin D was tested after 3 months of implant placement (osseointegration period). Clinical and radiographic assessment of dental implants were performed after 3 months postoperatively. Results: Statistical analysis showed no statistical significance results (P value 0.277) regarding the positive correlation between vitamin D levels and implant success/ failure, it also showed no statistical significance (P value 0.663) regarding the relationship between Vitamin D levels and implant success/failure based on the implant location. Conclusion: Serum vitamin D level has no direct effect on the success or failure of dental implants.
Cobalt oxide nanoparticles disrupt cellular homeostasis through oxidative genomic instability and mitochondrial stress, driving necrosis in non-small lung cancer cells
(Nature Research, 2026-10-14) Hanan R. H. Mohamed; Shahd H. Elnawasani; Basma A. Mohamed; George M. Hakeem; Maria Nagy; Rawan Essam; Ayman Diab; Gehan Safwat
Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant malignancies worldwide, with current therapies often limited by poor tumor specificity, resistance, and systemic toxicity. Nanoparticle-based therapeutics offer a promising strategy to overcome these challenges. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs), owing to their distinctive redox properties and capacity to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), have emerged as potential anticancer agents; however, their intrinsic effects against NSCLC cells and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study therefore investigates the novel cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of pristine Co3O4NPs in non-small A549 lung cancer cells using an integrated mechanistic approach. Cell viability was measured with the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, while genomic DNA damage, ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis induction were evaluated using alkaline comet assay, 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, rhodamine-123 dye, and flow cytometry, respectively. Mechanistic insights were further supported by quantitative real-time PCR analysis of apoptosis- and mitochondria-related genes (p53, ND3, and Bcl-2). A 72-hour exposure to Co3O4NPs various concentrations significantly reduced A549 cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner with a markedly low IC50 value of 34.17 µg/ml. Moreover, treating A549 cells with the IC50 concentration (34.17 µg/ml) of Co3O4NPs caused excessive ROS production, severe genomic DNA damage, and dramatic mitochondrial depolarization. Gene expression analysis revealed remarkable upregulation of pro-apoptotic p53 and mitochondrial ND3 gene expression, alongside significant downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression. Despite p53 activation the pronounced mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic collapse favored necrotic cell death over classical apoptosis. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed this shift, showing a substantial increase in necrotic A549 cells alongside a marked reduction in apoptotic A549 populations following Co3O4NPs exposure. These findings collectively provide integrated evidence that pristine Co₃O₄NPs induce oxidative stress, genomic DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death in A549 NSCLC cells. The predominance of necrotic cell death under the conditions examined suggests that severe oxidative and mitochondrial stress contributes to the observed cytotoxic response. Further studies using NSCLC models with different p53 statuses, appropriate normal-control cells, and in vivo systems are required to establish the selectivity, reproducibility, and broader biological relevance of these effects.
Multimodal artificial intelligence in dental diagnosis: influence of reasoning depth and domain-specific medical model on diagnostic performance
(Springer Japan, 2026-10-13) Lamiaa Said Elfadaly; Mohamed Shafik
Large language models are increasingly explored as clinical decision-support tools, but the relationship between configurable reasoning effort and multimodal diagnostic performance remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between API-configured reasoning effort and multimodal oral and dental diagnostic performance in GPT-5 and compared its outputs with those of the compact open-weight medical-domain model MedGemma-1.5-4b-it. Eight anonymized multimodal case reports representing dental trauma, odontogenic cysts, odontogenic tumors, implant-associated infection, oral mucosal disorders, hereditary mucosal disease, and restorative management were reformatted into structured evaluation scenarios. Final diagnostic labels, definitive treatment plans, author interpretations, answer-revealing captions, and postoperative outcomes were excluded to reduce answer leakage. Five configurations were evaluated: GPT-5 under four API-configured reasoning-effort settings (high, medium, low, and minimal) and MedGemma-1.5-4b-it as a compact medical-domain comparator. Outputs were assessed using a six-domain 0–5 rubric covering diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic completeness, reasoning quality, treatment planning, safety and risk awareness, and scope adherence. Diagnostic scores were checked against the exact archived outputs and source reference diagnoses before final analysis, and a domain-level Safety Override was applied to clinically dangerous recommendations. Repeated-measures differences were analyzed at the case level, with complementary exploratory analyses of primary-diagnosis agreement, reference-diagnosis inclusion, clinical-pathway appropriateness, and safety. Inter-rater reliability of the original independent blinded ratings was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.87–0.95). Total scores differed across configurations (Friedman χ²(4) = 27.24, p = 0.000018; Kendall’s W = 0.85). Mean scores were 28.0 ± 2.5 for GPT-5 high, 27.8 ± 1.6 for medium, 22.8 ± 4.0 for low, 18.9 ± 2.8 for minimal, and 17.1 ± 3.3 for MedGemma-1.5-4b-it. Primary-diagnosis agreement with the published reference diagnosis occurred in 6/8 cases for GPT-5 high, 6/8 for medium, 5/8 for low, 4/8 for minimal, and 1/8 for MedGemma; reference-diagnosis inclusion either as the primary diagnosis or within the differential occurred in 8/8, 8/8, 8/8, 7/8, and 3/8 cases, respectively. One safety-critical error occurred in GPT-5 low; none occurred in the other configurations. GPT-5 high and medium had the highest observed mean scores, but no pairwise Wilcoxon comparison remained significant after Holm correction. Primary-diagnosis agreement, reference-diagnosis inclusion, clinical-pathway appropriateness, and safety provided complementary views of open-ended clinical performance. MedGemma showed lower primary-diagnosis agreement and reference-diagnosis inclusion, while no MedGemma response met the final source-verified safety-critical criterion. The between-family comparison remains a pragmatic comparison of distinct deployment paradigms rather than a controlled test of training-domain specialization. In this dataset, higher GPT-5 reasoning-effort settings were associated with higher observed multimodal performance, particularly in diagnostically complex cases. Reasoning-effort configuration may therefore be an important design consideration for future dental decision-support systems, but the association is descriptive and requires confirmation in larger prospective studies.