Processed Cheeses Fortified by Laurus nobilis L. Extract Nanoemulsion Ameliorate Hyperhomocysteinemia in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Model

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate the protective effect of processed cheeses fortified by Laurus nobilis L. extract nanoemulsion against hyperhomocysteinemia in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model. Laurus nobilis L. extract nanoemulsion was prepared via spontaneous emulsification procedure. Then, nanoemulsion was added by different loadings to supplement processed cheeses. The morphology of Laurus nobilis L. extract nanoemulsion was detected using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Female Swiss albino mice received processed cheese for two weeks then inoculated once with EAC cells. After the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for determination of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) , thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and homocysteine (Hcy). Results revealed that the formation of Laurus nobilis L. extract nanoemulsion in spherical shape in size around 50 -120 nm. Mice inoculated with EAC cells showed significant increase in serum Hcy, TNF-α, TBARS, and MMP-9 levels while there was a significant decrease in SOD activity and Bcl-2 level. Pretreatment with different concentrations of Laurus nobilis L. extract significantly attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, and induced apoptosis compared to EAC group.