Pharmacogenomic and epigenomic approaches to untangle the enigma of IL-10 blockade in oncology

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Date

2024-01

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Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Type

Article

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Series Info

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine;Volume 268 January 2024 Article number e1

Abstract

The host immune system status remains an unresolved mystery among several malignancies. An immune-compromised state or smart immune-surveillance tactics orchestrated by cancer cells are the primary cause of cancer invasion and metastasis. Taking a closer look at the tumour-immune microenvironment, a complex network and crosstalk between infiltrating immune cells and cancer cells mediated by cytokines, chemokines, exosomal mediators and shed ligands are present. Cytokines such as interleukins can influence all components of the tumour microenvironment (TME), consequently promoting or suppressing tumour invasion based on their secreting source. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an interlocked cytokine that has been associated with several types of malignancies and proved to have paradoxical effects. IL-10 has multiple functions on cellular and non-cellular components within the TME. In this review, the authors shed the light on the regulatory role of IL-10 in the TME of several malignant contexts. Moreover, detailed epigenomic and pharmacogenomic approaches for the regulation of IL-10 were presented and discussed.

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Keywords

Cancer; Cytokines; IL-10; Interleukins; Non-coding RNAs; Pharmacogenomics; Tumour-microenvironment

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