Nanoparticles Modified Solid-Contact Potentiometric Sensor for Selective Nanomolar Citicoline Determination

Abstract

Highlights Citicoline sodium is administered by post-COVID-19 patients for the treatment of brain fog. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles, and copper nanoparticles modified glassy carbon potentiometric sensors were fabricated to detect Citicoline Sodium selectively. Cobalt oxide and copper nanoparticles were characterized using TEM, FTIR, and XRD. Determination of Citicoline sodium in its pharmaceutical dosage form and spiked human plasma. The proposed method was assessed for greenness using GAPI and AGREE greenness assessment tools and Whiteness assessment using RGB-12 proving its environmental safety. © 2025 The Electrochemical Society (“ECS”). Published on behalf of ECS by IOP Publishing Limited. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.