Ficus deltoidea extract down-regulates protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B expression in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A new insight into its antidiabetic mechanism
Loading...
Date
2020
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Type
Article
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Series Info
Journal of Nutritional Science;Pages 1-18
Scientific Journal Rankings
Abstract
Ficus deltoidea var. deltoidea Jack (FD) is a well-known plant used in Malay folklore medicine to lower blood glucose in diabetic patients. For further research of the antihyperglycemic mechanisms, the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B)-inhibitory effect of FD was analysed both in vitro and in vivo. To optimise a method for FD extraction, water, 50, 70, 80, 90 and 95 % ethanol extracts were prepared and determined for their total phenolic and triterpene contents, and PTP1B-inhibition capacity. Among the tested extracts, 70 % ethanol FD extract showed a significant PTP1B inhibition (92·0 % inhibition at 200 μg/ml) and high phenolic and triterpene contents. A bioassay-guided fractionation of the 70 % ethanol extract led to the isolation of a new triterpene (3β,11β-dihydroxyolean-12-en-23-oic acid; F3) along with six known compounds. In vivo, 4 weeks' administration of 70 % ethanol FD extract (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg/d) to streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats reversed the abnormal changes of blood glucose, insulin, total Hb, GLUT2, lipid profile, and oxidative stress in liver and pancreas. Moreover, FD reduced the mRNA expression of the key gluconeogenic enzymes (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose 6-phosphatase) and restored insulin receptor and GLUT2 encoding gene (Slc2a2) expression. In addition, FD significantly down-regulated the hepatic PTP1B gene expression. These results revealed that FD could potentially improve insulin sensitivity, suppress hepatic glucose output and enhance glucose uptake in type 2 diabetes mellitus through down-regulation of PTP1B. Together, our findings give scientific evidence for the traditional use of FD as an antidiabetic agent. © The Author(s) 2020.
Description
MSA Google Scholar
scopus
scopus
Keywords
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, Glucose transporter-2, Glucose 6-phosphatase, Ficus deltoidea, Dihydroxyolean-12-en-23-oic acid
Citation
Kokil, G.R., Veedu, R.N., Ramm, G.A., Prins, J.B., Parekh, H.S. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Limitations of Conventional Therapies and Intervention with Nucleic Acid-Based Therapeutics (2015) Chemical Reviews, 115 (11), pp. 4719-4743. Cited 34 times. http://pubs.acs.org/journal/chreay doi: 10.1021/cr5002832 View at Publisher 2 Wild, S.H., Roglic, G., Green, A. Global prevalence of diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030: Response to Rathman and Giani (2004) Diabetes Care, 27, pp. 2569-2570. Cited 51 times. 3 Brownlee, M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications (2001) Nature, 414 (6865), pp. 813-820. Cited 5971 times. doi: 10.1038/414813a View at Publisher 4 Chen, Y., Ma, H., Zhu, D., Zhao, G., Wang, L., Fu, X., Chen, W. Discovery of Novel Insulin Sensitizers: Promising Approaches and Targets (Open Access) (2017) PPAR Research, 2017, art. no. 8360919. Cited 8 times. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ppar/ doi: 10.1155/2017/8360919 View at Publisher 5 Scheen, A.J., Lefèbvre, P.J. Troglitazone: Antihyperglycemic activity and potential role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (1999) Diabetes Care, 22 (9), pp. 1568-1577. Cited 73 times. http://care.diabetesjournals.org/ doi: 10.2337/diacare.22.9.1568 View at Publisher 6 Ma, J., Li, Z., Xing, S., Ho, W.T.T., Fu, X., Zhao, Z.J. Tea contains potent inhibitors of tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B (2011) Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 407 (1), pp. 98-102. Cited 13 times. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.02.116 View at Publisher 7 Yang, R., Wang, L., Xie, J., Li, X., Liu, S., Qiu, S., Hu, Y., (...), Shen, X. Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus via reversing insulin resistance and regulating lipid homeostasis in vitro and in vivo using cajanonic acid A (Open Access) (2018) International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 42 (5), pp. 2329-2342. Cited 6 times. https://www.spandidos-publications.com/ijmm/42/5/2329/download doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3836 View at Publisher 8 Lansky, E.P., Paavilainen, H.M. Figs: The genus ficus (2010) Figs: The Genus Ficus, pp. 1-366. Cited 12 times. http://www.tandfebooks.com/doi/book/10.1201/9781420089677 ISBN: 978-142008967-7; 978-113811520-0 doi: 10.1201/9781420089677 View at Publisher 9 Mat-Salleh, K., Latif, A. Dikotiledon: Subkelas Hamamelidae. Ficus deltoidea Jack (2002) Tumbuhan Ubatan Malaysia (Dichotomy: Subclass of Hamamelidae. Ficus Deltoidea Jack. In Malaysian Medicinal Plants), pp. 184-185. Cited 4 times. Bangi: Pusat Pengurusan Penyelidikan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 10 Sulaiman, M.R., Hussain, M.K., Zakaria, Z.A., Somchit, M.N., Moin, S., Mohamad, A.S., Israf, D.A. Evaluation of the antinociceptive activity of Ficus deltoidea aqueous extract (2008) Fitoterapia, 79 (7-8), pp. 557-561. Cited 108 times. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2008.06.005 View at Publisher 11 Adam, Z., Khamis, S., Ismail, A., Hamid, M. Ficus deltoidea: A potential alternative medicine for diabetes mellitus (Open Access) (2012) Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012, art. no. 632763. Cited 37 times. doi: 10.1155/2012/632763 View at Publisher 12 Farsi, E., Shafaei, A., Hor, S.Y., Khadeer Ahamed, M.B., Yam, M.F., Attitalla, I.H., Asmawi, M.Z., (...), Ismail, Z. Correlation between enzymes inhibitory effects and antioxidant activities of standardized fractions of methanolic extract obtained from Ficus deltoidea leaves (2011) African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (67), pp. 15184-15194. Cited 25 times. http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB/PDF/pdf2011/31Oct/Farsi%20et%20al.pdf doi: 10.5897/AJB11.1365 View at Publisher 13 Farsi, E., Ahmad, M., Hor, S.Y., Ahamed, M.B.K., Yam, M.F., Asmawi, M.Z. Standardized extract of Ficus deltoidea stimulates insulin secretion and blocks hepatic glucose production by regulating the expression of glucose-metabolic genes in streptozitocin-induced diabetic rats (Open Access) (2014) BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 14, art. no. 220. Cited 22 times. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/14/220 doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-220 View at Publisher 14 Khoddami, A., Wilkes, M.A., Roberts, T.H. Techniques for analysis of plant phenolic compounds (Open Access) (2013) Molecules, 18 (2), pp. 2328-2375. Cited 400 times. http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/18/2/2328/pdf doi: 10.3390/molecules18022328 View at Publisher 15 Sadasivam, S., Manickam, A. (1996) Biochemical Methods. Cited 1100 times. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers 16 Hiai, S., Oura, H., Nakajima, T. Color reaction of some sapogenins and saponins with vanillin and sulfuric acid (1976) Planta Medica, 29 (2), pp. 116-122. Cited 248 times. View at Publisher 17 Nguyen, P.H., Dao, T.T., Kim, J., Phong, D.T., Ndinteh, D.T., Mbafor, J.T., Oh, W.K. New 5-deoxyflavonoids and their inhibitory effects on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activity (2011) Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, 19 (11), pp. 3378-3383. Cited 24 times. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.04.037 View at Publisher 18 Szkudelski, T. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetes in the rat. Characteristics of the experimental model (2012) Experimental Biology and Medicine, 237 (5), pp. 481-490. Cited 133 times. http://ebm.rsmjournals.com/content/237/5/481.full.pdf+html doi: 10.1258/ebm.2012.011372 View at Publisher 19 Yusufoglu, H.S., Soliman, G.A., Abdel-Rahman, R.F., Abdel-Kader, M.S., Ganaie, M.A., Bedir, E., Baykan, S., (...), Oztürk, B. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Ferula duranii in experimental type 2 diabetic rats (Open Access) (2015) International Journal of Pharmacology, 11 (6), pp. 532-541. Cited 9 times. http://docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/ijp/2015/532-541.pdf doi: 10.3923/ijp.2015.532.541 View at Publisher 20 Abdellatief, S.A., Beheiry, R.R., El-Mandrawy, S.A.M. Peppermint essential oil alleviates hyperglycemia caused by streptozotocin- nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetes in rats (2017) Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 95, pp. 990-999. Cited 7 times. www.elsevier.com/locate/biomedpharm doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.020 View at Publisher 21 Trinder, P. Determination of glucose in blood using glucose oxidase with an alternative oxygen acceptor (1969) Anal Clin Biochem, 6, pp. 24-27. Cited 3445 times. 22 Drabkin, D.L., Austin, J.H. Spectrophotometric studies I. Spectrophotometric constants for common hemoglobin derivatives in human, dog, and rabbit blood (1932) J Biol Chem, 98, pp. 719-733. Cited 664 times. 23 Anderson, E.A., Balon, T.W., Hoffman, R.P., Sinkey, C.A., Mark, A.L. Insulin increases sympathetic activity but not blood pressure in borderline hypertensive humans (Open Access) (1992) Hypertension, Part 2 19 (6), pp. 621-627. Cited 186 times. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.19.6.621 View at Publisher 24 REITMAN, S., FRANKEL, S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. (1957) American journal of clinical pathology, 28 (1), pp. 56-63. Cited 6354 times. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/28.1.56 View at Publisher 25 Doumas, B.T., Perry, B.W., Sasse, E.A., Straumfjord Jr., J.V. Standardization in bilirubin assays: evaluation of selected methods and stability of bilirubin solutions. (1973) Clinical Chemistry, 19 (9), pp. 984-993. Cited 184 times. View at Publisher 26 GORNALL, A.G., BARDAWILL, C.J., DAVID, M.M. Determination of serum proteins by means of the biuret reaction. (1949) The Journal of biological chemistry, 177 (2), pp. 751-766. Cited 10860 times. View at Publisher 27 Foster, L.B., Dunn, R.T. Stable reagents for determination of serum triglycerides by a colorimetric Hantzsch condensation method. (1973) Clinical Chemistry, 19 (3), pp. 338-340. Cited 558 times. View at Publisher 28 Zlatkis, A., Zak, B., Boyle, A.J. A new method for the direct determination of serum cholesterol (1953) The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 41 (3), pp. 486-492. Cited 1798 times. 29 Burstein, M., Scholnick, H.R., Morfin, R. Rapid method for the isolation of lipoproteins from human serum by precipitation with polyanions. (1970) Journal of Lipid Research, 11 (6), pp. 583-595. Cited 1816 times. View at Publisher 30 Friedewald, W.T., Levy, R.I., Fredrickson, D.S. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. (1972) Clinical Chemistry, 18 (6), pp. 499-502. Cited 22570 times. View at Publisher 31 Mansour, D.F., Nada, S.A., El-Denshary, E.S., Omara, E.A., Asaad, G.F., Abdel-Rahman, R.F. Milk whey proteins modulate endotoxemia-induced hepatotoxicity in rats (2015) International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7 (5), pp. 65-71. Cited 9 times. http://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijpps/article/download/5232/pdf_769 32 Sun, M., Zigman, S. An improved spectrophotometric assay for superoxide dismutase based on epinephrine autoxidation (1978) Analytical Biochemistry, 90 (1), pp. 81-89. Cited 470 times. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(78)90010-6 View at Publisher 33 Mohandas, J., Marshall, J.J., Duggin, G.G., Horvath, J.S., Tiller, D.J. Differential distribution of glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes in rabbit kidney. Possible implications in analgesic nephropathy (1984) Biochemical Pharmacology, 33 (11), pp. 1801-1807. Cited 301 times. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(84)90353-8 View at Publisher 34 Chance, B., Maehly, A.C. [136] Assay of catalases and peroxidases. {black small square} (1955) Methods in Enzymology, 2 (C), pp. 764-775. Cited 2601 times. doi: 10.1016/S0076-6879(55)02300-8 View at Publisher 35 BEUTLER, E., DURON, O., KELLY, B.M. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. (1963) The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 61, pp. 882-888. Cited 4263 times. 36 Jain, S.K., Levine, S.N., Duett, J., Hollier, B. Elevated lipid peroxidation levels in red blood cells of streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats (1990) Metabolism, 39 (9), pp. 971-975. Cited 124 times. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(90)90310-9 View at Publisher 37 Burcelin, R., Dolci, W., Thorens, B. Glucose sensing by the hepatoportal sensor is GLUT2-dependent: In vivo analysis in GLUT2-null mice (Open Access) (2000) Diabetes, 49 (10), pp. 1643-1648. Cited 156 times. http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/ doi: 10.2337/diabetes.49.10.1643 View at Publisher 38 Bancroft, J.D., Gamble, M. (2008) Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. Cited 5624 times. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Health Sciences 39 Gibson-Corley, K.N., Olivier, A.K., Meyerholz, D.K. Principles for Valid Histopathologic Scoring in Research (Open Access) (2013) Veterinary Pathology, 50 (6), pp. 1007-1015. Cited 162 times. doi: 10.1177/0300985813485099 View at Publisher 40 Abdel-Rahman, R.F., Hessin, A.F., Abdelbaset, M., Ogaly, H.A., Abd-Elsalam, R.M., Hassan, S.M. Antihypertensive Effects of Roselle-Olive Combination in L-NAME-Induced Hypertensive Rats (Open Access) (2017) Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2017, art. no. 9460653. Cited 12 times. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/oximed/ doi: 10.1155/2017/9460653 View at Publisher 41 Mu, J., Woods, J., Zhou, Y.-P., Roy, R.S., Li, Z., Zycband, E., Feng, Y., (...), Zhang, B.B. Chronic inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 with a sitagliptin analog preserves pancreatic β-cell mass and function in a rodent model of type 2 diabetes (Open Access) (2006) Diabetes, 55 (6), pp. 1695-1704. Cited 372 times. http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/content/full/55/6/1695 doi: 10.2337/db05-1602 View at Publisher 42 Livak, K.J., Schmittgen, T.D. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCT method (2001) Methods, 25 (4), pp. 402-408. Cited 83405 times. http://www.elsevier.com/inca/publications/store/6/2/2/9/1/4/index.htt doi: 10.1006/meth.2001.1262 View at Publisher 43 Choo, C.Y., Sulong, N.Y., Man, F., Wong, T.W. Vitexin and isovitexin from the Leaves of Ficus deltoidea with in-vivo α-glucosidase inhibition (2012) Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 142 (3), pp. 776-781. Cited 104 times. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.062 View at Publisher 44 Lip, J.M., Hisham, D.N., Zaidi, J.A. Isolation and identification of moretenol from Ficus deltoidea leaves (2009) J Trop Agric Food Sci, 37, pp. 195-201. Cited 11 times. 45 Omar, M.H., Mullen, W., Crozier, A. Identification of proanthocyanidin dimers and trimers, flavone C-glycosides, and antioxidants in ficus deltoidea, a malaysian herbal tea (2011) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59 (4), pp. 1363-1369. Cited 61 times. doi: 10.1021/jf1032729 View at Publisher 46 Suryati, S., Nurdin, H., Dachriyanus, D. Structure elucidation of antibacterial compound from Ficus deltoidea Jack leaves (2011) Indones J Chem, 11, pp. 67-70. Cited 15 times. 47 Ogunkoya, I. Application of mass spectrometry in structural problems in triterpenes (1981) Phytochemistry, 20 (1), pp. 121-126. Cited 113 times. doi: 10.1016/0031-9422(81)85230-2 View at Publisher 48 Sholichin, M., Yamasaki, K., Kasai, R., Tanaka, O. 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Lupane-Type Triterpenes, Lupeol, Betulin and Betulinic Acid (1980) Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 28 (3), pp. 1006-1008. Cited 248 times. doi: 10.1248/cpb.28.1006 View at Publisher 49 Goad, J., Akihisa, T. (2012) Analysis of Sterols. Cited 293 times. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media 50 Mahato, S.B., Kundu, A.P. 13C NMR Spectra of pentacyclic triterpenoids-a compilation and some salient features (1994) Phytochemistry, 37 (6), pp. 1517-1575. Cited 1238 times. doi: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)89569-2 View at Publisher 51 Cáceres-Castillo, D., Mena-Rejón, G.J., Cedillo-Rivera, R., Quijano, L. 21β-Hydroxy-oleanane-type triterpenes from Hippocratea excelsa (2008) Phytochemistry, 69 (4), pp. 1057-1064. Cited 22 times. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.10.016 View at Publisher 52 Meshram, G., Patil, B., Yadav, S. Isolation and characterization of gallic acid from Terminalia bellerica and its effect on carbohydrate regulatory system in vitro (2011) Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm, 2, pp. 559-562. Cited 12 times. 53 Hartwig, U.A., Maxwell, C.A., Joseph, C.M., Phillips, D.A. Chrysoeriol and luteolin released from alfalfa seeds induce nod genes in Rhizobium meliloti (Open Access) (1990) Plant Physiology, 92 (1), pp. 116-122. Cited 98 times. http://www.plantphysiol.org/ doi: 10.1104/pp.92.1.116 View at Publisher 54 Na, M., Kim, B.Y., Osada, H., Ahn, J.S. Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B by lupeol and lupenone isolated from Sorbus commixta. (2009) Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry, 24 (4), pp. 1056-1059. Cited 62 times. doi: 10.1080/14756360802693312 View at Publisher 55 Abbas, S.Y., Basyouni, W.M., El-Bayouki, K.A.M., Abdel-Rahman, R.F. Synthesis and Evaluation of 1-Substituted-Biguanide Derivatives as Anti-Diabetic Agents for Type II Diabetes Insulin Resistant (2016) Drug Research, 66 (7), pp. 377-383. Cited 5 times. https://www.thieme-connect.com/ejournals/journal/10.1055/s-00023610 doi: 10.1055/s-0042-107349 View at Publisher 56 El-Ridy, M.S., Yehia, S.A., Elsayed, I., Younis, M.M., Abdel-Rahman, R.F., El-Gamil, M.A. Metformin hydrochloride and wound healing: from nanoformulation to pharmacological evaluation (2019) Journal of Liposome Research, 29 (4), pp. 343-356. Cited 2 times. http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ilpr20 doi: 10.1080/08982104.2018.1556291 View at Publisher 57 Zhuo, J., Zeng, Q., Cai, D., Zeng, X., Chen, Y., Gan, H., Huang, X., (...), Zhang, C. Evaluation of type 2 diabetic mellitus animal models via interactions between insulin and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways induced by a high fat and sugar diet and streptozotocin (Open Access) (2018) Molecular Medicine Reports, 17 (4), pp. 5132-5142. Cited 6 times. https://www.spandidos-publications.com/mmr/17/4/5132/download doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8504 View at Publisher 58 da Rosa, C.V.D., de Campos, J.M., de Sá Nakanishi, A.B., Comar, J.F., Martins, I.P., de Freitas Mathias, P.C., Montserrat Diaz Pedrosa, M., (...), Raquel Marçal Natali, M. Food restriction promotes damage reduction in rat models of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Open Access) (2018) PLoS ONE, 13 (6), art. no. e0199479. http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0199479&type=printable doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199479 View at Publisher 59 Ghasemi, A., Khalifi, S., Jedi, S. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced rat model of type 2 diabetes (review) (2014) Acta Physiologica Hungarica, 101 (4), pp. 408-420. Cited 56 times. http://www.akademiai.com/ doi: 10.1556/APhysiol.101.2014.4.2 View at Publisher 60 Adam, Z., Hamid, M., Ismail, A., Khamis, S. Effect of Ficus deltoidea extracts on hepatic basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (Open Access) (2009) Journal of Biological Sciences, 9 (8), pp. 796-803. Cited 13 times. http://docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/jbs/2009/796-803.pdf doi: 10.3923/jbs.2009.796.803 View at Publisher 61 Yahaya, N., Mohd Dom, N.S., Adam, Z., Hamid, M. Insulinotropic activity of standardized methanolic extracts of ficus deltoidea from seven varieties (Open Access) (2018) Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2018, art. no. 3769874. Cited 2 times. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/contents.html doi: 10.1155/2018/3769874 View at Publisher 62 Chaitanya, D., Challa, S.R., Reddy, A. Hepatoprotective effect of biherbal ethanolic extract against paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in albino rats (2012) Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine, 3 (4), pp. 198-203. Cited 17 times. http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-ayurveda-and-integrative-medicine doi: 10.4103/0975-9476.104436 View at Publisher 63 Abshagen, K., König, M., Hoppe, A., Müller, I., Ebert, M., Weng, H., Holzhütter, H.-G., (...), Dooley, S. Pathobiochemical signatures of cholestatic liver disease in bile duct ligated mice (Open Access) (2015) BMC Systems Biology, 9 (1), art. no. 83. Cited 21 times. http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcsystbiol/ doi: 10.1186/s12918-015-0229-0 View at Publisher 64 Schutz, Y. Protein turnover, ureagenesis and gluconeogenesis (2011) International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 81 (2-3), pp. 101-107. Cited 36 times. http://www.verlag-hanshuber.com/zeitschriften/servepdf.php?abbrev=VIT&show=fulltext&year=2011&issue=23&file=VIT081230101.pdf doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000064 View at Publisher 65 Karthikesan, K., Pari, L., Menon, V.P. Antihyperlipidemic effect of chlorogenic acid and tetrahydrocurcumin in rats subjected to diabetogenic agents (2010) Chemico-Biological Interactions, 188 (3), pp. 643-650. Cited 87 times. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2010.07.026 View at Publisher 66 Shih, K.-C., Kwok, C.-F., Hwu, C.-H., Hsiao, L.-C., Li, S.-H., Liu, Y.-F., Ho, L.-T. Acipimox attenuates hypertriglyceridemia in dyslipidemic noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients without perturbation of insulin sensitivity and glycemic control (1997) Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 36 (2), pp. 113-119. Cited 22 times. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8227(97)00039-9 View at Publisher 67 Saklani, A., Parcha, V., Dhulia, I., Kumar, D. Combined effect of Coccinia indica (Wight & Arn) and Salvadora oleoides (Decne) on blood glucose level and other risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in alloxan induced diabetic rats (2012) International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4 (SUPPL. 4), pp. 79-84. Cited 9 times. http://www.ijppsjournal.com/Vol4Suppl4/2902.pdf 68 Maritim, A.C., Sanders, R.A., Watkins III, J.B. Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: A review (2003) Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 17 (1), pp. 24-38. Cited 1854 times. doi: 10.1002/jbt.10058 View at Publisher 69 Sharma, A., Kharb, S., Chugh, S.N., Kakkar, R., Singh, G.P. Evaluation of oxidative stress before and after control of glycemia and after vitamin E supplementation in diabetic patients (2000) Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 49 (2), pp. 160-162. Cited 89 times. http://www.elsevier.com/inca/publications/store/6/2/3/3/1/9/index.htt doi: 10.1016/S0026-0495(00)91117-X View at Publisher 70 Sheweita, S.A., Mashaly, S., Newairy, A.A., Abdou, H.M., Eweda, S.M. Changes in oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats: Role of alhagi maurorum extracts (Open Access) (2016) Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2016, art. no. 5264064. Cited 24 times. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/oximed/ doi: 10.1155/2016/5264064 View at Publisher 71 Abdel-Rahman, R.F., Soliman, G.A., Saeedan, A.S., Ogaly, H.A., Abd-Elsalam, R.M., Alqasoumi, S.I., Abdel-Kader, M.S. Molecular and biochemical monitoring of the possible herb-drug interaction between Momordica charantia extract and glibenclamide in diabetic rats (Open Access) (2019) Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 27 (6), pp. 803-816. Cited 2 times. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13190164 doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.05.002 View at Publisher 72 Nugent, D.A., Smith, D.M., Jones, H.B. A Review of Islet of Langerhans Degeneration in Rodent Models of Type 2 Diabetes (Open Access) (2008) Toxicologic Pathology, 36 (4), pp. 529-551. Cited 40 times. doi: 10.1177/0192623308318209 View at Publisher 73 Misbah, H., Aziz, A.A., Aminudin, N. Antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of Ficus deltoidea fruit extracts and fractions (Open Access) (2013) BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 13, art. no. 118. Cited 53 times. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/13/118 doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-118 View at Publisher 74 Hetta, M.H., El-Alfy, T.S., Yassin, N.Z., Abdel-Rahman, R.F., Kadry, E.M. Phytochemical and antihyperglycemic studies on citrus medica l. leaves (Etrog) growing in Egypt (2014) International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research, 5 (4), pp. 271-277. Cited 6 times. http://www.ijppr.com/PDF%20all%20edtions%20IJPPR/Vol5/Issue4/IJPPR,Vol5,Issue4,Article5.pdf 75 Shoelson, S.E., Lee, J., Goldfine, A.B. Inflammation and insulin resistance (Open Access) (2006) Journal of Clinical Investigation, 116 (7), pp. 1793-1801. Cited 2488 times. http://www.jci.org/cgi/reprint/116/7/1793.pdf doi: 10.1172/JCI29069 View at Publisher 76 Calera, M.R., Vallega, G., Pilch, P.F. Dynamics of protein-tyrosine phosphatases in rat adipocytes (Open Access) (2000) Journal of Biological Chemistry, 275 (9), pp. 6308-6312. Cited 80 times. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.9.6308 View at Publisher 77 Elchebly, M., Payette, P., Michaliszyn, E., Cromlish, W., Collins, S., Loy, A.L., Normandin, D., (...), Kennedy, B.P. Increased insulin sensitivity and obesity resistance in mice lacking the protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B gene (1999) Science, 283 (5407), pp. 1544-1548. Cited 1739 times. doi: 10.1126/science.283.5407.1544 View at Publisher 78 Yip, S.-C., Saha, S., Chernoff, J. PTP1B: A double agent in metabolism and oncogenesis (2010) Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 35 (8), pp. 442-449. Cited 156 times. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2010.03.004 View at Publisher 79 Klaman, L.D., Boss, O., Peroni, O.D., Kim, J.K., Martino, J.L., Zabolotny, J.M., Moghal, N., (...), Kahn, B.B. Increased energy expenditure, decreased adiposity, and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B-deficient mice (Open Access) (2000) Molecular and Cellular Biology, 20 (15), pp. 5479-5489. Cited 1032 times. doi: 10.1128/MCB.20.15.5479-5489.2000 View at Publisher 80 Lees, E.K., Krol, E., Shearer, K., Mody, N., Gettys, T.W., Delibegovic, M. Effects of hepatic protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and methionine restriction on hepatic and whole-body glucose and lipid metabolism in mice (2015) Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 64 (2), pp. 305-314. Cited 9 times. http://www.elsevier.com/inca/publications/store/6/2/3/3/1/9/index.htt doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.10.038