BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND STANDARDIZATION OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF THE AERIAL PARTS OF MENTHA SUAVEOLENS EHRH

Loading...
Thumbnail Image

Date

2014

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Type

Article

Publisher

World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Series Info

World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences;6

Scientific Journal Rankings

Abstract

A biologically guided fractionation of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. cultivated in Egypt revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest hepatoprotective activity as it prevented the increase caused by CCl4 in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes by 51.6%, 57.0% and 56.7%, respectively. The same fraction also showed the highest antioxidant activity; in vivo (as it restored the glutathione level in diabetic rats by 98.0 %) and in vitro as it had the highest free radical scavenging activity (IC50=31g/ mL). It also had the highest cytotoxic activity against human liver carcinoma cell line (HEPG2) (IC50 = 5.1 μg/ mL). Consequently, this fraction was purified to yield caffeic acid and rosamarinic acid. Rosmarinic acid, the major component possessed cytotoxic activity on HEPG2 (IC50 = 4.5 μg/ mL) comparable to doxorubicin (IC50 = 3.73 μg/mL). A rapid reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for the standardization of the active ethyl acetate fraction and the method was validated. Rosmarinic acid content in M. suaveolens was estimated by RPHPLC, to be 1.16 and 50.17% w/w for the powdered aerial parts and ethyl acetate fraction, respectively.

Description

Keywords

University of Cytotoxicity, Mentha Suaveolens

Citation

1. Fadhel ZA, Amran S. Effects of black tea extract on carbon tetrachloride- induced lipid peroxidation in liver, kidneys, and testes of rats. Phytother Res, 2002; 16: 28–32. 2. He Q, Osuchowski MF, Johnson VJ, Sharma RP. Physiological responses to a natural antioxidant flavonoid mixture, silymarin, in BALB/c mice: I induction of transforming growth factor beta 1 and c-myc in liver with marginal effects on other genes. Planta Med, 2002; 68: 676–679. 3. Aggarwal BB, Ichikawa H, Garodia P, Weerasinghe P, Sethi G, Bhatt ID, Pandey M K, Shishodia S, Nair MG. From traditional Ayurvedic medicine to modern medicine: Identification of therapeutic targets for suppression of inflammation and cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets, 2006; 10: 87-118. 4. Llovet JM, Burroughs A, Bruix J. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet, 2003; 362: 1907- 1917. 5. Houghton P, Fang R, Techatanawat I, Steventon G, Hylands PJ, Lee CC. The sulphorhodamine (SRB) assay and other approaches to testing plant extracts and derived compounds for activities related to reputed anticancer activity. Nat Prod Res, 2007; 42: 377-387. 6. Newman DJ, Cragg DM, Snader KM. Natural products as sources of new drugs over the period 1981-2003, J Nat Prod, 2003; 66: 1022-1037. 7. Abbaszadeh B, Valadabadi S, Farahani H, Darvishi H. Studying of essential oil variations in leaves of Mentha species. Afr J Plant Sci, 2009; 3: 217–221. 8. A I N. Report of the American institute of nutrition ad hoc. Committee on standards for nutritional studies. J Nutr, 1977; 107: 1340-1648. 9. Karber G. Determination of median lethal dose, Arch Exp Pathol Pharma,1931; 162: 480- 485. 10. Klassen CD, Plaa GL. Comparison of the biochemical alteration elicited in livers from rats treated with CCl4 and CHCl3. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 1969; 19: 699-704. 11. Thefeld W, Hoffmeister H, Busch EW, Koller PU, Vollmar J. Reference values for the determination of GOT, GPT and alkaliphosphatase in serum with optimal standard methods. Dtsch Med Wschr, 1994; 99: 343-344. 12. Kind PR, King EJ. Estimation of plasma phosphatase by determination of hydrolysed phenol with amino-antipyrine. J Clin Path, 1954; 7: 322-326. 13. Takao T, Watanabe N, Yagi I, Sakata K. A simple screening method for isolation of several antioxidants produced by marine bacteria from fish and shellfish. Biosci Biotech Biochem, 1994; 58: 1780-1783. 14. Delazar A, Byres M, Gibbons S, Kumarasamy Y, Modarresi M, Nahar L, Shoeb M, Sarker S. Iridoid Glycosides from Eremostachys glabra. J Nat Prod, 2004; 67: 1584- 1587. 15. Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BA. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J Lab Clin Med, 1963; 61: 882-888. 16. Skehan P, Storeng R, Scudiero D, Monks A, McMahom JM, Vistica D, Warren J, Bokesch H, Kenney S, Boyd MR. New colourimetric cytotoxicity assay for anti-cancer drug screening. J Natl Cancer Inst, 1990; 82: 1107-1112. 17. International Conference on Harmonization (ICH), ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guideline- Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology, Proceeding of the International Conference on Harmonization, Geneva, 2005. 18. United States Pharmacopoeia. USP 32/NF 27, Validation of Compendial Methods, General Chapter 1225, Pharmacopeial Forum, 2009; 35: 765-771. 19. Buck WB, Osweiled GD, Van Gelder AG. Clinical and Diagnostic Veterinary Toxicology, 2nd Ed., Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Iowa, 1976. 20. Comporti M, Maellaro E, Del Bello B, Casini AF. Glutathion depletion, its effect on other antioxidant systems and hepatocellular damage. Xenobiotica, 1991; 21:1067–76. 21. Singab A, Youssef D, Noeman E, Kotb S. Hepatoprotective effect of flavanol rich fraction from Egyptian Vicia calcarata Desf. Against CCl4 – induced liver damage in rats. Arch Pharm Res, 2005; 28: 791-798. 22. Suffness M, Pezzuto JM. Assays related to cancer drug discovery. In: Hostettmann, K. (Ed.). Methods in Plant Biochemistry: Assays for Bioactivity, 1990; 6, 71-133, Academic Press, London. 23. Lu Y, Foo LY. Rosmarinic acid derivatives from Salvia officinalis, Phytochem, 1999; 51: 91-94. 24. Rice-Evans CA, Miller NJ, Pagana G. Structure–antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoid and phenolic acids, Free Rad Biol Med, 1996; 20: 933–956. 25. Silverstein RM, Webster FX. Spectrometric identification of organic compounds, 6th Ed., John Wiley & sons, INC., New York, 1996. 26. Bakirel T, Bakirel U, Keleş OU, Ulgen SG, Yardibi H. In vivo assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) in alloxan – diabetic rabbits. J Ethnopharmacol, 2008; 116: 64-73.