Faculty Of Engineering Sciences Journal Volume 2 - Issue 1&2 - 2023
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Item “Recycling rice straw as a type of agricultural solid waste” Alternatives of using rice straw in Building construction as a tool to protect the environment in Egypt.(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Ibrahem Ismael, NaderThe research aims to develop alternatives of using rice straw in construction as a tool to preserve the environment in Egypt. where the rice straw is one of the types of solid agricultural waste, which is produced in Egypt in large quantities, as a result of the lack of strategy by the State for how to collect rice straw from farmers to recycling to benefit from them. Farmers burn it, which causes the formation of a black cloud annually in Egypt and resulting environmental problems and health damage. Therefore, it was necessary to research how to get rid of rice straw by making use of it in recycling and using it in different ways in construction work in order to maximize the economic return from it as well as to preserve the environment in Egypt. The research paper deals with alternatives to benefiting from rice straw, and these alternatives can be considered as a methodology or framework that the government may benefit from in addressing the environmental problem facing the country annually.Item Identification of key Risks in Fast-Track Construction projects: A Literature Review(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Amir, Amani; khodeir, Laila; Khaled, AhmedFast-track construction projects have become more common in recent years as a response to increased demand. The sector was known for its high-risk and high-complexity features. Regardless of the degree of difficulty in construction projects, the construction industry has responded to requirements for faster project delivery deadlines to meet standards, emergency/disaster preservation, and time-to-market constraints. The purpose of this study was to clarify risk management's role in fast-track construction projects, evaluate how fast-track construction projects impact the construction time of such projects, and investigate risks that might occur from different levels of overlap. To achieve this, the paper undergone a comprehensive literature review on several 43 papers that have been published in Scopus. The researcher reviewed the literature for several studies, such as papers and books in this field from 2000 to 2021. The results were: identifying accelerated techniques and their classification; clarifying risks; risk management processes and their classification; and clarifying risks in fast-track construction projects because of an unfair risk distribution between the contractual parties because of specific or incorrect contract terms. This has led to a careful assessment of the scope of the work and how the project will be executed.Item Fast Technique to Recognize Closed Characters in Arabic Handwriting(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Gad, Ramadan; Kandeel, Shaimaa; Al-Adawy, Mohamed; El-Fishawy, Nawal; A. A. Mohamed, MokhtarConsidering the distinctive features and characteristics of Arabic scripts, recognizing handwritten Arabic characters is still widely open as a major experimental task, which is not easy to overcome. This study attempts to develop a fast and effective technique for recognizing this difficult type of written script by using an iterative algorithm to extract closed Arabic characters. Some Arabic characters have circles that may be blurred, incomplete, unformed, or distorted. In addition to ligatures with different shapes, the technique is based on the development of a proper Circular Hough Transform. This study used IFN/ENIT, which is a standard database for extracting closed Arabic characters as designed in classes. The first class is closed blurred circles (ق, م , ع ,و ). The second class is unformed circles ( ق, ع , ة ). The third one is incomplete circles (ط , ظ, ص, ض ه,ة, ). Finally, the fourth class is distorted circles ( ط, ظ ). This methodology achieved an outstanding accuracy of approximately 96.67%, a very interesting work for the total four classes related to the 11 closed Arabic characters (out of the 28 characters of the Arabic alphabet)..Item Experiment on The Cooperative Practice of Biomimicry in The Architectural Studio(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) A. Hosny, Fatima; H. Soliman, Mona; Farag, MamdouhLife in the architectural design studio is about the acquisition of experience during the cooperative architectural practice Scholars have observed that cooperation between students is the most effective tool in architectural learning. In this scope, the study aims to compare the cooperative spirit of teamwork practice with the solo practice in a biomimetic project-based workshop to measure the influence of cooperation on students` productivity and anxiety state, considering gender, locality, and the state of siblings as influencing factors. The methodology intends to employ a qualitative comparative analysis to indicate the transformation of students` productivity in a biomimetic design workshop after switching from a solo practice to a cooperative peer learning application as well as an embracement for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) test during both practices during two workshops for architectural students from different academic levels emphasizing biomimetic design principles and Nature thinking. The results outlined the positive impact of cooperative biomimetic practice on students` accomplishments and anxiety state.Item Evolution of AI role in architectural design: between parametric exploration and machine hallucination(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Hegazy, Muhammad; Mohamed Saleh, AhmedThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into architectural design has revolutionized the building industry. AI offers a wide range of algorithmic approaches that can be used to explore abstract conceptual designs and generate an unlimited number of design ideas based on mathematically defined parameters. This paper provides an exploratory study that critically reviews the evolution of AI in architectural design. The study highlights the potentials, limitations, and future vision of this technology within the context of architectural design. AI has transitioned from a tool for functional optimization to an unprecedented resource for design inspiration based on machine intelligence. However, the authors emphasize the importance of a balanced approach that ensures AI-generated designs are human-centric, environmentally responsible, and culturally sensitive. The study concludes that AI has the potential to inspire and enhance architectural design but must be used ethically and responsibly to avoid negative impacts on human creativity and design ethics.Item Evaluation of the Possibility of Applying Artificial Intelligence Technology in Egyptian Smart City Planning(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Sabry Gomaa, Niveen; Mostafa Emam, WessamThe world and Egypt are currently paying great attention to the file of artificial intelligence and its applications in various sectors to achieve the country's goals in building digital Egypt and implementing the national strategy for artificial intelligence. A smart city is an urban area that relies on information and communication technology to improve the efficiency of its operational processes, in addition to raising the quality of services as it works to meet the needs of the current generations and ensure the needs of future generations, to improve living conditions in the city. In this sense, the research is concerned with studying the possibility of applying artificial intelligence in Egyptian smart cities and formulating recommendations through which it can be activated in planning smart cities and then achieving sustainable development in Egypt.Item Equations of Motion for Spinning Fluids and their Deviation Equations in Finslerian Geometry(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) E. Kahil, Magd; A. Ammar, Samah; A. Refaey, ShymaaFinsler geometry is a natural extension of the Riemannian geometry and a good a platform used to interpret the infrastructure of physical phenomena, especially for relativistic applications. Accordingly it is worthy to study spinning fluids in the context of this geometry that would share their benefits in cosmological applications. Equations of motion of spinning fluids and their corresponding deviation equations are obtained. The problem of motion for studying a fluid with a variable mass is also obtained. The set of Equations of spinning fluids and spinning deviation fluids equations for some classes of the Finslerian geometry have been derived, using a modified type of the Bazanski Lagrangian. Due to the richness of the Finslerian geometry, a new perspective for revisiting the problem of stability is based on solving the deviation equations of spinning fluids in strong fields of gravity is performed. Such a problem has a direct application on examining the stability of accretion disk orbiting Sgr A*.Item Equations of Motion for Charged Spinning Fluid in Bi-metric Type Theories of Gravity(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) E. Kahil, Magd; A. Ammar, Samah; A. Refaey, ShymaaThe General theory of relativity is one of the most successful theories of gravity. Despite its successful applications, it has some difficulties in examining the behaviour of particles precisely in strong gravitational fields. Bi-metric type theories of gravity are classified as alternative theories of gravity that describing such strong gravitational fields, such as the gravitational field formed at the core of our galaxy. In order to obtain the equations of motion for spinning fluids, we use the Weyssenhoff tensor to express the spin fluid. The equations of motion for spinning fluids are derived using Euler-Lagrange equation. We present the equations of motion for spinning fluids and their corresponding spin deviation equations in some classes of Bi-metric type theories. Also, we obtain equations of motion for spinning fluids and their corresponding spin deviation for a variable mass. Moreover, we extend our study to examine the status of motion for spinning charged fluids and their corresponding spin deviation equations.Item Virtual Reality as A Tool to Enhance Students’ Perceptions of Architectural Historical Spaces(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) A. LotfiY. A. Lotfi, Y.; F. Aly, T.; Sadek, R.The future relied on advanced and smart technologies after covid. Teaching strategies became more virtually oriented. Despite the important role of visiting historical sites in architectural students’ knowledge and space perception. The study aim is to highlight the significance of virtual related technologies in teaching as a smart strategy to enhance students' perceptions in architectural universities and cope with the future of technology, specifically in “History of Architecture” courses. An overview of virtual related technologies will be presented, exploring different techniques, elements and types, this will be built on a theoretical study. In addition, the significance of virtual spaces on students’ perceptions will be investigated through a non-equivalent quasi experimental study. A group of students will experience a historical space through a non-immersive virtual tour, and the other group will experience the same space through 2D photographs. Findings of the study presented the effect of virtual related technologies in enhancing the architectural students' perceptions toward historical sites. For a better understanding of spaces in architectural universities.Item Vertical Greenery Systems: A Review of Factors Influencing Their Thermal Performance(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Mahrous, Aaya; Taha, Amal; M.Abdel-Karim, NadyUrbanization and rapidly growing population change cities' features and convert them to concrete jungles with more buildings and fewer green areas. This bad conversion cause number of aesthetic, economical, and environmental issues like air and water pollution, higher energy consumption, increasing air temperature which lead to discomfort in outdoor and indoor environments. Vertical greenery systems (VGSs) stand as one of the green infrastructure features used to indemnify the lack of horizontal greenery and enhance the building envelop interaction towards the internal and external environment. Vertical greenery systems are living and dynamic component. Many studies have been conducted to recoginse how vertical greenery systems work and what affect their thermal performance. This paper aims to provide a deep understanding of different factors that affect the impact of this vegetated wall. These factors fall into two main categories: building-related factors and greeneryrelated factors. Comprehensive review of the variables influencing VGS performance will lead to better design decisions for VGS elements and will improve utilization potentials.Item USANet: an open platform for USB-based Sensors/Actuators Network(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Mohamed, Mokhtar; El-Shafeiy, Engy; Gad, Ramadan; ElMahalawy, AhmedThe paper presents and proposes USB-based Sensors/Actuators Network (USANet) system. Proposed USANet system is maturely designed according to IEEE 1451 concepts and component-based approach. It consists of five STIMs. These STIMs are Measurement Module of Speed (MMS), Controller Module for Motor (CMM), three Measurement Modules of Distance (MMDs). They are connected to a laptop NCAP host via five USB 2.0 interface cards. Each USB 2.0 interface card is dedicated for only one STIM to exchange messages of sensory data or control commands with NCAP host. USB 2.0 interface card represents TII of such USANet. NCAP host run a program called SCCD. SCCD is the abbreviation of Sensory data Collector/Command Distributor. It is an open source model that is developed by C# programming language under the dot-Net 4.0 framework to provide portability. SCCD is employed to collect sensory data from MMS, and three MMDs. In addition, SCCD sends control commands to CMM. All hardware and software modules of USANet are designed and developed completely in our labs. Two performance metrics are used to validate and verify the feasibility of such USB-based Networked system. They are Feedback Receiving Time (FRT) and Sensory Data Message Time (SDMT). These timebased metrics are chosen for evaluation because the provision of timely information is crucial in many applicationsItem Understanding the Role of Architect in the Artificial Intelligence Era - “An Approach to AIA in Egypt”(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) M. Atwa, Sara; M. Saleh, AhmedAI is a fast-emerging field and is becoming an essential part of our future. Recently, most of used technologies are somewhat artificially intelligent, where it still needs human involvement to carry out the main part of the task. AI has a significant impact on multiple fields and industries, like IT, cybersecurity, medicine, and manufacturing since it provides them with countless creative opportunities. Compared to the mentioned fields, the development of AI in Architecture is still not commonly used. The dominant idea related to Architecture is that designers will be replaced by smart robots to create art and design buildings. But on the contrary, the open-ended creative results are still preserved for humans only. AI can do endless tasks during Architecture design process requiring human intelligence such as decision-making. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the role, advantages, and disadvantages of this technology within the design process from the viewpoint of professionals. Consequently, a Questionnaire will be held to several Professional Designers, Architects, and Researchers, then a summary of their responses will be reported in this article. The aim is to recognize how AI techniques can affect the Architect`s attitude to the design projectAI is a fast-emerging field and is becoming an essential part of our future. Recently, most of used technologies are somewhat artificially intelligent, where it still needs human involvement to carry out the main part of the task. AI has a significant impact on multiple fields and industries, like IT, cybersecurity, medicine, and manufacturing since it provides them with countless creative opportunities. Compared to the mentioned fields, the development of AI in Architecture is still not commonly used. The dominant idea related to Architecture is that designers will be replaced by smart robots to create art and design buildings. But on the contrary, the open-ended creative results are still preserved for humans only. AI can do endless tasks during Architecture design process requiring human intelligence such as decision-making. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the role, advantages, and disadvantages of this technology within the design process from the viewpoint of professionals. Consequently, a Questionnaire will be held to several Professional Designers, Architects, and Researchers, then a summary of their responses will be reported in this article. The aim is to recognize how AI techniques can affect the Architect`s attitude to the design projectItem Towards Children Engagement in Urban Design Development for Sustainable Communities The case of Child’s University at Alexandria University, Egypt(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Heba, J.; Rania, R.There is a growing interest worldwide to increase the community awareness about sustainable development goals by engaging different categories of a society to participate in the process of sustainable community development. This importance of the society perception towards the role of community development, leads to the idea of an experiment research to engage a number of school children aged between (10-13) years old in the process of sustainable urban design. This experiment research is the result of a cooperation project between the Child University at Alexandria University, Egypt and Smithsonian Science Education Centre at USA. The research aims to document the experimental part of the project and how to engage children different in gender, abilities and education types in Alexandria into the design process for designing a sustainable open space in one of the informal neighbourhoods at Alexandria city, Egypt through applying principles of sustainable communities and sustainable development goalsItem Towards a Self- sustained House: Development of an Analytical Hierarchy Process System for Evaluating the Performance of Self-sustained Houses(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) M.O. Mokhtar1, Eman; A. Deif, MohanadNowadays self-sustained buildings have gained a great attention to minimize the ecological impact of buildings on the environment. Houses are one of the building types that have tremendous effect on the environment and need to be self-sustained. Their design need to encounter a holistic approach that deals with a large number of criteria. Most of these criteria are qualitative and are often in conflict with each other making decisions during the preliminary design stage a hard task for architects. Architects need an easy evaluation method that can deal with multi- criteria and can quantify subjective data into numerical values to give the right decisions. The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive application of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)-a Multi Criteria Decision Making Method (MCDM). It can aid architects in selecting the most optimal design alternative while taking into account multiple, and even conflicting decision criteria. Herein, it will beapplied for evaluating three proposed design alternatives for a self-sustained house and consequently resolving the alternatives' selection problem. AHP deals with complex decisions and suits the uncertainty and vagueness that characterize most of the design criteria. It uses math and psychology and can be an easy powerful tool for decision making. Basic AHP calculations will be performed using Python programming language to facilitate and automate the process.Item Thermal Comfort Strategies for the City of Hurghada(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) M. Ayyad, KarimClimatic data analysis aims at deciphering the different environmental factors that architects face when designing a building at a certain location. However, these factors can be magnified or diminished by other natural settings such as topography and surrounding landscape. In this work, the different environmental and natural factors affecting the city of Hurghada are analyzed and various design strategies are evaluated, with the aim of obtaining the most efficient design strategies for achieving thermal comfort. The resulting strategies can be used by architects and decision-makers when assessing the different building design options for future development projects in the city of Hurghada.Item Efficiency of (GFRP- Steel) Stirrups in Reinforcing the Punching of Slab-Column Connections subjected to Eccentric Load(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) H. Makhlouf, Mohamed; Ismail, Gamal; H. Abdel Kareem, Ahmed; I. Badawi, MarwaThe effectiveness of inner stirrups as the punching shear reinforcement for slab-column connections under eccentric loading was studied in this research with the purpose of improving the punching behaviour. This research experimental data and results study the effect of using steel, and glass fiber reinforced polymer stirrups (GFRPS) as punching shear reinforcement for interior slab-column connections (S-C-C) under eccentric loading. The experimental program consists of six flat slabs with dimensions of 1600*1600 *150 mm, stub column having a 200*200 mm cross-section with 700 mm total height extended outside both sides of the slab. The variables were the materials used for manufacturing stirrups (Steel - GFRP), the distance between stirrups (50 or 70) mm, and the case of loading (eccentric or centric load). The experimental results showed a noticeable increase in punching shear resistance for the slabs reinforced with stirrups ranged from 28 to 63% compared to the control specimen. Finite element analysis was performed using the Abaqus/CAE6.14 software, and the results were compared to the experimental results, which revealed a significant agreement. A Parametric analysis was also performed on the validated model. Finally, Equations for punching strength prediction were applied and then compared with the experimental results.Item The Impact Of Walkways and Open Spaces on Promoting Sustainable Pattern of Life in the Campus Case Study Of Mahlia Girls' Campus Jazan University , Saudi Arabia(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) AHMED, MunaThe term "University Campus" defines an institutional place that is used for education as the primary activity for a large number of students and staff, the physical environment of a campus includes buildings, open spaces and all the essential infrastructures needed to function effectively .The concept of ‘Walkability’ provides an important principle of sustainability in such places, the quality of campus environment in terms of walkways and open spaces has positive influence on ‘Walkability’. The quality of which the built environment enables the mobility of pedestrians define it's walkability .This study examines the impact of walkways and open spaces on walkability in Mahlia Girls' Campus of Jazan University. The author investigated the existing conditions of the campus and their impact on creating a sustainable pattern of life .The research methods applied a mix of methods: a walkability audit tool to record data of physical built environment elements was developed and tested, a questionnaire and direct observation. The resulting data were statistically analysed. The results obtained were supported by graphical illustrations prepared by the author. The research found certain physical infrastructure challenges that influence female students and staff willingness to walk. Results emphasis major factors such as landscape , width and connectivity of the walkway ,weather protection and shading , appropriate urban furniture for activities such as seating and places for refreshment .The conclusions are summarized to provide design guidelines for the improvement and enhancement of existing conditions.Item Effective Use of Authenticity Value as a Catalyst for Coastal Intermediate Cities Development: A Case of Al-Quseir City, Egypt(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) M. Elsayed, Maha; A. Shawky, KarimanThe concept of Authenticity refers to a property's ability to ensure, preserve, and sustain its cultural value over time. In recent years, the UNESCO World Heritage Center has worked to create a conceptual framework that would provide criteria for evaluating, conserving, and managing urban heritage. Coastal cities are attractive destinations for both inhabitants and visitors all over the world. Further, intermediate coastal cities are considered to have a critical and significant basis in developing substantial economic and social interactions. Therefore, this research aims to examine the potentials and values of intermediate coastal cities in Egypt to identify practical guidelines that may efficiently enhance cities' development taking Al-Quseir city as a case study, one of the most promising coastal cities. Based on profound theoretical and analytical studies, the authenticity concept was studied and analyzed composing a list of indicators that illustrate the value of coastal cities. Followed by an analysis of Al-Quseir city and examining it against the authenticity adopted indicators. In addition to evaluating the Al-Quseir strategic plan to determine to what extent it contributes to enhancing the value of the city's authenticity. Moreover, this study will offer an assessment framework by which the development of Al-Quseir city could be assessed.Item Sustainable Architectural Pluralism Through Contemporary Architectural Design(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) F. Aly, Toka; A. Lotfi, YomnaArchitectural pluralism is an architecture that would adopt the ‘local character’, which is not only concerned with the geographical aspects but also the oblique way of life (the historical and cultural forces). While contemporary architecture is a term used to describe the current architectural styles present in today’s architecture; it is usually a form of construction that represents a wide range of building styles and designs originated or inherited from various influences. Considering the previous, this research aim is to investigate how pluralistic architecture could be found in contemporary architecture through implementing sustainability and its relation to the design morphology adopted by other contemporary architectural themes. It is intended to discuss different themes of contemporary architecture and highlight their design characteristics through analysis of 3-case studies that were presented to discuss in depth the features of these two themes. The study special focused on their contribution to providing a sustainable environment. The findings of this study indicated that pluralism in architecture is highly present in contemporary architecture, toward coping with community changesItem Ecological footprint as a tool to achieve sustainable development in Egypt (applied to Beheira Governorate)(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Mostafa Emam, Wessam; Sabry Gomaa, NiveenThe environmental dimension is one of the dimensions of sustainable development along with the social and economic dimension, and the goals of sustainable development focus on meeting the needs of current communities while preserving the rights of future generations. To make the best use of the natural environment and protect it from disasters. In this sense, the research is concerned with the Ecological footprint as one of the environmental assessment tools that help achieve sustainability by comparing the pressure that occurs on environmental resources and their presence by identifying the concept of Ecological footprint and its importance and application to the Beheira Governorate to come up with a set of recommendations that enable decision makers and the urban planner to achieve sustainable urban development.