Irrigated agriculture is crucial to China's food production, but it is in danger due to the country's growing water shortage. As a result, the main objective of this research is to improve knowledge of the evolving patterns in the balance between water supply and demand, their effects on food output, and governmental policy reactions. The environmental change increased water shortage in various river basins in northern China, which led to a decrease in irrigated land. decreased food production and regions. The study shows that China's water shortage is a regional problem, particularly in the north. Here restricted and unequal access to water resources, a drop in surface water supplies, and depletion are all examples of this deterioration of water quality, depletion of groundwater supplies, and rising water consumption. As a result, the Chinese government has attempted to regulate overall water consumption. extraction, increase water use effectiveness and reduce pollutants in the water. Although these legislative measures are encouraging, their efficiency in addressing China's growing water shortage needs to be investigated.
