Faculty Of Pharmacy Graduation Project 2018 - 2019

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Browsing Faculty Of Pharmacy Graduation Project 2018 - 2019 by Subject "Breast cancer"

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    Assessment of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients (Incidence, Risk Factors, and Prevention) (RS502) (RSPL2.1)
    (October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 2019) Hesham Fawzy, Lojaine; Akmal El kilany, Nada; Hassan Mahdy, Shrouk; Mohamed Negm, Ibrahim
    Background: Anthracycline-based chemotherapy has played a significant role in the treatment of various breast cancer stages with reduced rates of both relapse and mortality. However their benefits have been limited due to their adverse events ranging from myelosuppression to well-established risk of cardiotoxicity. Aim: Investigate the correlation between incidence of cardiotoxicity and risk factors in breast cancer patients treated with Anthracyclines and outline current strategies for prevention of Anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity. Subjects and Method: 60 breast cancer patients, (stages II&IIIA), with age ranging from 30 to 65 years, newly diagnosed and scheduled for chemotherapy .Our study population were classified into group 1 (30 patients receiving Anthracycline-based chemotherapy) and group 2( 30 patients receiving Trastuzumab combined with anthracycline-based chemotherapy). Parameters to be measured: ejection fraction, blood pressure, body mass index, and baseline heart rate to record any case of Heart Failure (HF) following anthracyclines treatment. Results: The main comorbidities related to cardiotoxicity among study population were hypertension (44%), diabetes (31%), obesity (90%), and age above 55 years (48%). Baseline ejection fraction recorded for all patients ranges from (42% to 76%). (26 patients) had already diastolic dysfunction grade 1, but only (4 patients) had a substandard ejection fraction. (13 patients) had changes in chemotherapy regimen based on ejection fraction. Group (1) was associated with a HF incidence rate (6.7%) compared to group (2) having significantly increased HF incidence rate (20%). Conclusions: Group (2) had a significant increased incidence of cardiotoxicity. Our study,among previous studies, shed a light about routine echocardiography prior to anthracycline therapy and might eventually lead to current practice guidelines modifications.
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    In-Vitro Evaluation of Synergistic Effect of Quercetin on the Anticancer Activities of 5Fluorouracil In MDA.MB231 Breast Cancer Cell Line
    (October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 2019) Mofeed Gerges, David; Maged Nasif, Ivodia; Khaled Mohamed, Lamis; Mahmoud Khalil, Salma
    Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women which causes death among women in 140 of 184 countries worldwide and the second most common cancer overall. Breast cancer characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the mammary gland of the breast or in the ducts that deliver milk to the nipples. Several anticancer drugs are used in the treatment of breast cancer; 5-FU is a chemotherapeutic agent that inhibits thymidylate synthase enzyme, hence interferes with the formation of thymidylate from uracil which lead to inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. Quercetin is one of the most powerful flavonoids for protecting the body from reactive oxygen species by increasing the function of antioxidants. It also inhibits both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities, so decreases the formation of inflammatory metabolites. MTT-based assay revealed that the IC50 of 5-FU and Quercetin were 90.5μM and 4.8 μM respectively after 24 hours against MDA.MB231 breast cancer cell line (Mariotto et al, 2017). Besides, by using Compusyn to calculate the combination index of 5-FU + Quercetin (<0.1) it revealed very strong synergism. According to flow cytometry results, 0.5 fold IC50 combinations showed strong synergism showing the possibility of 5-FU dose reduction while maintaining the cytotoxic effects by combining it with the natural product quercetin. These results were confirmed by flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis where the 0.5 IC50 combinations gave comparable effect to the IC50 5-FU causing cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. In conclusion, the study results showed that addition of Quercetin to 5-FU synergized their individual anticancer effect.