Faculty of Engineering

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The impact of smart technologies on the design of public parks
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Nabil Ashry Elnahas, Ahmed; Aziz Botros, Mohsen
Smart technology is one of the most important elements of development in all areas of life and the basic pillar of quality of life. The study aimed to monitor the impact of the use of smart technologies on the design of public parks. The analytical descriptive approach was followed by analyzing the effects of using smart technologies in public parks as the most important element in the urbanization system, as it works to improve the environment, health and safety and helps to psychological stability of the human being, thus confirming the quality of life. The research was also able to analyze the pros and cons of using smart technologies by analyzing six main elements represented in the landscape, irrigation, furniture, urban facilities, activity spaces, lighting and digital technologies. The research concluded that the use of smart technologies is an inevitable necessity and represents a positive element. The research also concluded to identify the points that have a positive impact and represented a percentage of 82%.
Optimization of Public Spaces Lost in Egyptian Urban Cities: The Under Bridges as a Case Study
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Ahmed Youssef, Hassan
The governorates of Cairo and Giza are considered one of the largest areas of the Arab Republic of Egypt which contain large numbers of bridges that link urban areas with each other. It is one of the important traffic arteries for solving traffic jam problems as a result lack of awareness to optimize these careless areas, they have become careless urban areas, dark and very dangerous places to collect garbage and wastes, also Places crime, spread Drugs, informal parking, and finally transgresses from street vendors. The research aims to optimize these careless areas (Under the upper bridges) and make it as development model applied to all upper bridges in Egypt, by identifying Urban Public Spaces ، Universal Design and studying global and local similar projects also analysing them and coming up with most important design advantages of study criteria necessary for success of projects to optimize public spaces under the upper bridges and applying them on regions studying.
Fractional diffusion equation with double and triple Laplace Adomian decomposition methods
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Fareed, Aisha F.; T. M. M. Elbarawy, Menna; . A. Hammad, D
This paper aims to present an analytical and approximation method to get the solution of the space-time fractional diffusion equation. This suggested method is based on a combination of the double and triple Laplace transforms with the Adomain decomposition method. The presented methodology is tested on illustrative examples and the results show that it is a simple, efficient, and reliable method.
Reduced Complexity Spatial Modulation Transmit Precoding for PSK Constellation
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Sourour, Essam
Spatial modulation (SM) conveys extra data by selecting the transmit antenna. This makes SM prone to channel irregularities like multipath Raleigh fading. Hence, employing and optimizing a transmit precoder (TPC) that matches the channel can enhance the SM bit error rate performance by increasing the Euclidean distance (ED) among all possible received vectors. However, it is common that optimization algorithms endure high complexity. Focusing on M-PSK constellation, and by reducing the number of Euclidean Distance constraints, we cut the complexity by nearly a factor of M. This is a significant reduction for high order constellations with a large value of M. This concept is shown to benefit any TPC optimization algorithm for SM and its variants. To further shrink the complexity, we introduce an optimization algorithm that minimizes the sum of the exponentials of negative EDs. The paper shows that the complexity can be reduced significantly without loss in performance.
A Sustainable Management Model for New Egyptian Cities
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Mahmoud Ouf, Yasser; alNahas, Nabil; Awad Gomaa, Ahmed
This study aims to identify the mechanisms and frameworks for urban transformations required to achieve sustainable management in new Egyptian cities, achieving harmony and balanced interaction with the natural system in the context of social life, and rational resource management that meets current and future human needs while raising society's standard of living. Because of their efficiency in improving the management of new cities in Egypt, the study underlined the importance of adopting the guidelines as sequential measures for a sustainable urban environment management. The research has resulted in a model for long-term administration in new Egyptian cities, which contributes to the application of its concepts and principles in a balanced framework across all dimensions (political, administrative, and institutional) and recommends means for implementing these rules at the city level in order to establish sustainable urban communities concerned with enhancing the urban environment in order to accomplish Egypt's Vision 2030.
Investigating Tool Wear, Chip Behaviour and Spring Back Action Using FEM
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) El-Hossainy, Tarek; Abdrabou, Mahmoud; Abdelkawy, Abdallah
The tool wear found in machining processes represents main obstacle for machinability due to its detrimental effects on surface roughness, material removal rate and machining economy. A nonlinear thermomechanical finite element model was developed to simulate the tool chip interaction. This model predicts not only the chip morphology and chip flow direction, cutting forces values, stress distribution, but also can use to predict tool wear. Furthermore, the effect of elastic deformation (spring back) and the thermal effect have been considered in the model. Cutting force was predicted and compared with the conducted experimental work. Dry turning operation was carried out on low carbon steel using carbide tool. The tool/workpiece interface stress on flank face was calculated and compared with the FEM. Predicted results show good correlation with the FEM. FE model was verified experimentally by measuring the cutting force. The friction on the flank face and spring back concentrates the stress on the flank face.
Place Attachment as an Outcome of Placemaking and the Urban Quality of Life
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Magdi Mohammed, Ibrahim; Ahmed Sadek, Sadek
Placemaking is a hands-on approach. It is an overarching concept and a cumulative process that drives place users to take part in the process of reimagining and reinventing their public spaces, enhancing the effective bond between them and the places they share (place attachment). Furthermore, placemaking, identity, attachment are interrelated terms. This study aims to discuss and identify the relationship between these terms and the urban quality of life. It depends on a deductive method to conclude place attachment attributes and the key performance indicators of the urban quality of life. To measure the impact of place attachment on the urban quality of life a questionnaire of Likert-type scale has been applied to a sample of 33 experts. Experts were asked 24 questions to measure the impact of each place attachment attributes on the key performance indicator of the urban quality of life; as a result, the indicators of the urban quality of life were arranged according to being affected by place attachment attributes. The main finding of this study is related to the process of enhancing the quality of urban life for a space/area. In the beginning, build up a physical identity for this space/area via involving the targeted users in the design of their places; and creating places that users can modify and adapt as the potential for individuals and community personalization. This involvement will enhance users' feelings of the place's character, raise people's sense of place/identity and drive them to attach to this place.
A Proposed Model for Measuring the Performance of Urban Form’s Aesthetics
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Nabil Ashry, Omar; Hanim Afifi, Eman; Sayed Abdelrasol, Ahmed
The research discussed the theoretical concepts related to beauty in general and the aesthetics of urban formation in particular, which is concerned with the interpretation of sensory perception of the aesthetics of visual formation and the perception of the urban environment in its functional and intellectual dimensions. The research also discussed the different approaches to explain the visual formation or the image of the city, in order to derive the criteria for measuring the performance of the aesthetics of the urban formation of the city centre, which was based on the eleven Edinburgh criteria. The research added a new criterion representing modern technologies and smart materials to become twelve criteria. The research was able to analyse the main criteria into a set of sub-criteria with 76 criteria, then extract their characteristics and performance indicators (KPIs) for each criterion with a total of 291 indicators. The relative weights of these indicators were also calculated in a mathematical way based on the frequency of the indicator through the analysis of (9) experiments (including 5 global & 4 regional). These indicators were established to produce the proposed model for measuring the performance of the aesthetics of urban formation, which is the main objective of the research, and it was tested by applying it to the Egyptian experience on city centres of different generations represented in the 6th. of October, Al-Rehab, the New Administrative Capital and Madinaty. The performance ratios were: Al-Rehab 81.69%, and the New Capital 80.70%, Madinaty 69.35%, and 6th. of October 69.00%.
Redefining the Secondary Egyptian Cities : An Assessment Study for the Global and Local Definition to Achieve Balanced Development.
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Ibrahim Youssef, Akram; Mohammed Mostafa, Ayman; Ahmed Amer, Ismail
Secondary cities affect urban development for developed and developing countries, as they consider transitional zones for various activities between the rural settlements and primate cities. Therefore, the world has struggled to set criteria for defining the secondary cities understanding their intermediate role within the urban system. On the other side, the local experience has followed other criteria for determining the secondary Egyptian cities, which are entirely different from the global trend and may not achieve balanced development. Accordingly, this research attempts to assess the local definition of secondary cities by investigating to what extent they differ from the global terminology and how this difference affects them. The study firstly indicates the difference in defining the secondary cities from an international and national perspective. Subsequently, it discusses the effect of the local definition on achieving a physical hierarchy between cities. Then, it compares the ability of primate and secondary cities to achieve efficient resources mobilization equal to their population size and available opportunities; consequently, this comparison adds another layer of assessing the local definition. Finally, the research suggests a concept to redefine the secondary Egyptian cities based on the global defining to help the secondary Egyptian cities attain balanced development.
The Integration of Virtual Reality (VR) and User Experience Design (UXD) in the Design of Shared Office Spaces
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Galal Hendy, Mohamed
Users’ satisfaction in the design of shared office spaces is one of the important aspects that every enterprise should seek. The research provides and validates a new mechanism that could be used in the design process of shared office spaces, by integrating the tool of Virtual Reality (VR) and User Experience Design (UXD). The proposed mechanism consists of three phases. The first phase (the experiment articulation) illustrates the correlation between the satisfaction factors of users and the physical setting of shared office spaces. In the second phase (the experiment tool preparation), the research articulates the programing scripts which are necessary for the users’ interaction in the experiment using the VR tool, called User Interaction Tool (UIT), where these scripts are: Mouvement Script; Rotation Script; Stretch Script; and Material Script. The third phase (the experiment implementation and tool evaluation) consists of three steps; the first one is an oriented questionnaire for determining users’ needs in shared office space while establishing relative weight for every aspect, and the second step is the experiment implementation for an existing office space to explore the suggested scenarios using the proposed tool, and the third step is crucial for comparing between the existing design model and the deduced one from the proposed mechanism to evaluate the validity of the proposed tool. After testing the tool, the research finds that users’ satisfaction before the experiment is about 43.352 %, while it has been raised to 86.5825 % after using the proposed mechanism. Hence, the users’ satisfaction is almost doubled after using the virtual reality tool in the design process of office space design.
A Tool-kit to Measure the Urban Quality of Life for Low-income Residential Areas
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Magdi, Ibrahim; Saad, Sadek; Elsayed, Eslam; Ghonimi, Eslam
This study aims at presenting a Tool-Kit –Proposed Model- to measure the urban quality of life for low-income groups. The aim is achieved through focusing on analysing and discussing three of the major organizations that are concerning liveable communities. Meanwhile, identifying the low-income group's concepts of the urban quality of life. Furthermore, a questionnaire of a Likert-type scale has applied to a sample of 31 specialists who were asked to rank the importance of the sub-dimensions proposed. The questionnaire analysed using descriptive statistics to arrange the urban quality of life dimensions, and sub-dimensions, indicators to give them a relative weight in the Tool-Kit. The Tool-Kit also shows the frequencies of the proposed indicators in the three dimensions, the used tools, and the validation tools for the measurement. The proposed Tool-kit proved that it’s important to take into consideration both quantitative and qualitative measurements of the urban quality of life for low-income groups.
Digital fabrication as an approach for innovative architecture education
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Abdulghany, Raneem; Youssry, Mariam; Elkhateeb, Samah
This paper tackles the argument of how digital fabrication is a game changing approach in architecture education. Digital fabrication is ubiquitously paced in all learning processes. It is rapidly becoming an important part of architecture education worldwide, and it can tackle architecture and urban design at all stages. This paper is essential for architecture track educators as it shows how to patronize a profound perception of digital fabrication processes among students, particularly architecture track students. The paper builds on the methodology, the application, the findings, and outcomes of a designated digital fabrication workshop for architecture track students with a non-grounded knowledge base of digital fabrication paradigm. The workshop grew out of the Smart and Future Cities Laboratory for Sustainable Urban Solutions (SFCL), which was established in the Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams university in 2020 and is funded by STIFA. The workshop followed the design thinking approach the workshop aimed to discuss recent digital technical advances in design and fabrication, as well as the remarkable potential they have brought for architectural design and production practices. It investigates the implications of new digital design and fabrication processes enabled using rapid prototyping (RP) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies through new pedagogy concepts and Scaffolding neophyte Students’ Learning methods. The entire workshop with its applied methodology builds a justified architectural mentality among students. It brings up students that are product oriented. Digital fabrication encouraged students' creativity and customization.
Towards Environmental Sustainability of Existing Buildings in Egypt : Case Study of the Building of the Faculty of Engineering – Department of Architecture – Al-Azhar University – Cairo
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Emad, Haitham; Mohamed Qassem, Magdy; Saad Attwa, Mohamed
Existing buildings have significant negative impacts on the environment by consuming large amounts of energy in these buildings. Modern building technology has witnessed a great development of building materials aimed at reducing negative impacts on the environment. These developments emphasize the sustainable use of buildings; studied at the local level (Egypt). The Egyptian state is taking serious steps to direct the construction industry towards sustainability. In fact, many studies deal with the importance of sustainability in the field of building and construction, but few of these studies address the role of locally available building materials in sustainability. There are also few studies on the role of locally used building materials in saving energy consumption. The research problem came from this point, which deals with the inability of the existing architectural facilities in Egypt to play their role in achieving the concepts of sustainability. In fact, existing buildings in Egypt do not benefit from the environmental potential for sustainability. This research aims to try to reach the effectiveness of achieving sustainability for existing buildings in reducing energy consumption, and increasing their compatibility with environmental specifications according to the concepts of sustainability.
“Islamic Style” Secular Architecture in Egypt: 6th October and Al-Shaikh Zayid as Case Studies
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Galal, Tarek
This paper is a sequel to a study paper which discussed the “Islamic Style” architecture in Egypt using the buildings of 6th October and Zayid cities as case studies. The first study analyzed the residential examples. In this paper the non-residential secular buildings were analyzed, while the religious buildings will be the topic of a third forthcoming study. The secular non-residential buildings found were a very small number (twelve only) and have been categorized into commercial, public and educational. No one dominant or clear Islamic style has been noted, and out of seven contemporary styles of architecture we know of only three were noted in our case studies: eclectic (two), neo-Islamic (three) and the dominating Modern Simplified Islamic (seven), yet we find great variations in each style and no consensus on the vocabulary used or details. The study suggests four reasons for using the Islamic styles in those types: expected patron/owners’ image, design intent, need for differentiation, nostalgia and creating a marketable image. It is also noted that in all of the examples recorded with one exception, the Islamic styles or principles were limited to the facades but were not reflected in the layout. Only one example echoed an Islamic urban pattern for its layout in addition to its façade detailing. The situation can be described as chaotic fraught with eclectic styles, with borrowings and re-interpretations of details from different eras and countries, with no clear dominant “style” emerging or even beginning to evolve. No specific style or detail dominated. This eclecticism and chaos is most probably a reflection of the lack of familiarity of the historical styles by the designers, with exceptions of some successful interpretations. Once again, our analysis shows that the lack of identity and style in contemporary Egyptian architecture continues in the secular examples, with no Contemporary Egyptian style of architecture, Islamic or otherwise, emerging or forthcoming.
COVID-19 intelligent tracking platform
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Ibrahim Mohamed, Samer
From the ending of year 2019 till now, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread with expanded fatalities all throughout the planet and has become a worldwide general wellbeing emergency. General wellbeing experts in numerous nations have acquainted contact tracing applications to track and follow carrier people. Our proposed covid19 tracking platform aim to build a tracking system for the prospect COVID infected persons within specific domain defined by the WHO. The system is developed with the flutter and DART programming language to support as wide range of mobile phones as possible; the app uses Bluetooth address to tackle the known privacy issues and be able to track users without storing their real identities and uses their location data in real time to show hospitals. This considered one of the main uniqueness of our proposed system to adhere with the national and international privacy regulations in many countries. The results shed on that the app is able to successfully track users and create a statistic of all users registered with their real-time status and show hospitals for users.
Motion of Poly-vectors in Fractal Clifford Spaces
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Elias Kahil, Magd
Fractal Clifford Spaces (FCS) may be considered as a challenging approach to the unification of micro-physics and macro-physics. Trajectories of these manifolds are described by different poly-vectors describing paths and their deviation equations for not only to test particles but also for charged, rotating and rotating charged objects. Due to relaxing the condition of differentiability for all extended objects in the manifold. In this approach, a specialized Bazanski Lagrangian will be discussed to describe the fractal version of extended objects in a fractal space-time
Emergency Architecture as an Active Approach for Homeless in COVID-19 Epidemics
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Shebl Said, Dalia; Mohamed Raslan, Hala
In the beginning of year 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has strongly threaten all the world. By time with many calls for staying at home we still find numbers of people staying in street without any shelters "homeless" living in vulnerable conditions suffering from deprivation of social and urban rights and contributing in spread the epidemics. UN Habitat statistics estimated 150 million (1 out of 65) people around the world living without shelter and suffered neglecting and discarded. Most countries and governments hurries to take a drastic measure to fight the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and seeking to face the social and economic problems and try to re-correct some social conditions that the homelessness phenomenon where the homeless and street children have been neglected. This research considers one of the socio architecture and epidemiological studies that focus of homeless categories and deals with the effect of the spread of the homelessness phenomenon with the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic. The data were collected on a one-to-one basis through semi-structured interview for some responsible persons and numbers of some street homeless it also deals with the study of the factors associated with this spread and the impact of different phenomena or variables on them and the research submits an emergency architecture and urbanization solutions depends on integration methodology in the framework of humanity concept and sustainability with surrounded urban to reduce the spread of the epidemics and control over.
Determination of optimum thickness of nano and traditional insulation materials for building external walls by using degree-day approach for different climatic regions in Egypt
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Mohammed Ali, Asmaa; Farouk, Akram; Ezzeldin, Mohamed
The usage of energy is one of the most critical challenges in modern life. The majority of the energy we use comes from fossil fuels which cause significant environmental degradation. One of the most effective ways of reducing energy use is using thermal insulation in building exterior walls but at a higher cost. Accordingly, this study discusses selecting the optimal thermal insulation and its thickness to increase building efficiency. The optimum insulation thickness is the thickness of insulating material that saves the most energy while costing the least. In this study, optimum insulation thicknesses of four cities from different regions of Egypt have been calculated for external walls using electricity as energy source. The calculations are made on 5 different traditional insulation materials and 2 nano insulation materials. Different cases have been considered: buildings cooled only, and both heated and cooled. It was found that Glass wool (GW) is the optimal insulation in all given locations, but its optimal thickness is very large and that will reduce the available used spaces which will reduce the rental income of buildings and reduce life cycle cost saving of building. Wherefore this study discusses also selecting the optimal thermal insulation and its thickness in the case of accounting for the impacts of space savings in life cycle saving of building, The results show that the nano insulation material vacuum insulated panels can be considered the optimum insulation in all cases when considering area saving as it achieved the maximum life cycle saving. Finally, the study reviewed the placing locations and installing insulation materials in buildings.
Augmented Design to Create a Sustainable Environment in Interior Architecture
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2022) Mohammed Ahmed, Ola M.
Synthetic biology has allowed us to generate bioproducts from our natural environment. Modern natural sciences have been created to acquire technological mastery over natural processes, resulting in a never-ending stream of new items and technology being introduced into current society, enhancing living comfort and raising overall human well-being. As a result, this technological advancement has unintentionally resulted in increased fossil fuel use, population expansion, urbanization, and deforestation, all of that put further strain on future resources owing to pollution, resource depletion, and biodiversity loss. The study aims to analyse discussions over digital architecture and new industrialization as well as the impact of biotechnology on architecture, interior design, and more especially, the usage of living or semi-living materials in our built environment. Furthermore, as a material and technical innovator, a strong understanding of the disciplines of computational data generation, 3D printing, and digital manufacturing is critical. In addition, bio-augmented design investigates our current interaction with nature. It is the scientific study of life and living entities, ranging from simple organisms to the most sophisticated. The study demonstrates bio-fabrication, which involves designing with living beings where biosynthesis is replacing traditional manufacturing, plants which manufacture items, microbes which develop new materials, and energy-efficient bio designs. Furthermore, these new composite materials provide a vision into the near future when synthetic biology may be used to assist us in designing and building the built environment with higher performance and lower environmental impact than traditional architectural, as well as interior design approaches. The research highlights the shift from nature-inspired design to nature-integrated design. Many recent biological trends identify bio-futuristic design as a paradigm shift in interior design, creating a distinct interface for tectonic and ecological materials between nature and design, as well as an orientation towards healthier structures. Finally, the study concludes that using 50 E-ISSN 2812-4928, P-ISSN 28125339 (https://msaeng.journals.ekb.eg//) living materials, probiotic design, bio-fabrication, bio-receptive design, and bio-augmented design can help to create a sustainable environment in interior design
Reduced Complexity Spatial Modulation Transmit Precoding for PSK Constellation
(MSA University, 2022-02) Sourour, Essam
Spatial modulation (SM) conveys extra data by selecting the transmit antenna. This makes SM prone to channel irregularities like multipath Raleigh fading. Hence, employing and optimizing a transmit precoder (TPC) that matches the channel can enhance the SM bit error rate performance by increasing the Euclidean distance (ED) among all possible received vectors. However, it is common that optimization algorithms endure high complexity. Focusing on M- PSK constellation, and by reducing the number of Euclidean Distance constraints, we cut the complexity by nearly a factor of M. This is a significant reduction for high order constellations with a large value of M. This concept is shown to benefit any TPC optimization algorithm for SM and its variants. To further shrink the complexity, we introduce an optimization algorithm that minimizes the sum of the exponentials of negative EDs. The paper shows that the complexity can be reduced significantly without loss in performance.

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