The Effect of Morinda citrifolia in Combination with Chelating Agent EDTA on Isolated and Differentiated Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Attachment to Root Canal Dentine Walls

Abstract

The present study compared the effect of different irrigation solutions including Morinda citrifolia (MC) as a natural irrigant on the Human Dental Pulp Stem cells (HDPSc) attachment to root canal dentine walls using Scanning Electron Microscope. Ten human third molars were collected for isolation of dental pulp stem cell from eight healthy medically free young patients of both sexes aging from 17 - 25 years and twenty five intact human first lower premolars were collected for addition of dental pulp stem cells. After the fourth passage of DPSCs, human bone morphogenic protein type II (rh-BMP 2) was added to Confluent cultures. Teeth were classified randomly into five equal groups according to the type of irrigant used. The cells were added to the cleaned and shaped root canals of the five groups. Group I irrigation was done using 5.25% NaOCl, Group II irrigation and final rinse was done using 5.25% NaOCl and 17%EDTA was used as a chelating agent, Group III irrigation was done using MC, Group IV irrigation and final rinse was done using MC and 17% EDTA was used as a chelating agent, Group V (control) Saline was used as irrigation. After fourteen days of cell culture, the teeth were removed and processed to be examined under scanning electron microscope. All data obtained were given as mean and standard deviation (SD) values. Cell numbers data were compared using non-parametric tests. Mann-Whitney U test was employed for pair-wise comparisons when Kruskal-Wallis test is significant. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results revealed that group IV had the statistically significantly highest mean number of cells. This was followed by Group II. Group III showed statistically significantly lower mean number of cells. Group V revealed statistically significant lower mean value. Group I showed the statistically significantly lowest mean number of cells. The results suggested that Morinda citrifolia is a biocompatible irrigant that promotes DPSC attachment to root canal dentin, together with EDTA which is essential to accom- plish regenerative endodontic treatment.