LoRaWAN-Based Asset Tracking System Development and Performance Analysis within STEM-PBL Framework: A Mixed-Method Study

Abstract

This study examines the integration of project-based learning (PBL) within the integrative STEM framework to advance practical problem-solving skills and investigate students' perceptions of the STEM-PBL approach through developing an IoT-enabled asset tracking system using Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) technology to tackle real-world logistical challenges. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, the study combines an experimental approach utilizing quantitative system performance analysis with qualitative insights gathered through participant interviews with ten graduate students. Results reveal that the LoRaWAN system demonstrated high reliability with only 0.437% downtime, validating the technical feasibility of the educational project. Furthermore, participants perceived the STEM-PBL approach positively, with 78% of responses showing satisfaction with hands-on, inquiry-based learning strategies. Thematic analysis identified eight main themes, including enhanced learning strategies, practical skills development, 21st-century skills, and authentic assessment. Despite its successes, the project identified challenges such as resource constraints and initial technical hurdles. This study highlights the effectiveness of integrating IoT technologies with STEM-PBL methodologies in developing students' technical competencies while fostering innovation and teamwork skills essential for 21st-century careers.