Valorization of agricultural industrial waste into medicinally active products

Abstract

Agri-Food wastes are produced following the industrial food processing. Although they are mostly discarded causing environmental hazards, their bioactive metabolites accounts for nutritional and medicinal values. Thus, comprehensive analytical and biological evaluation of selected vegetable byproducts (Potato, Onion and Garlic peels) have been developed. Phytochemical composition has been performed using HPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS in combination with molecular networking. Determination of the total flavonoid contents, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity by FRAP and DPPH methods was performed. Further, evaluation of the anti-osteoarthritis were also tested. So, we assessed the impact of tested peel extracts on IL-1β-induced inflammation in mouse isolated chondrocytes. Also, we measured chondrocyte expression of key osteoarthritis-associated factors such as matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), nitric oxide (NO), collagen Ⅱ, NF-κB p65 as well as the expression of inflammatory mediators in chondrocytes such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Further, 45 compounds were totally identified, where phenolic acids, flavonoids and alkaloids were the most representative chemical classes. The higher polyphenolic contents, the promising antioxidant capacity and the potential anti-osteoarthritis were found in onion peels. These results demonstrate that vegetable byproducts, particularly, those derived from onion peels have potential antioxidant and activities and can be incorporated as natural by-product for future in vivo evaluation against osteoarthritis