Role of Zoledronic acid and Denosumab in osteoporosis and tumor spreading in Post-menopausal breast cancer women in Baheya hospital

Abstract

Back ground: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Breast cancer is common among Egyptian females and there is a great correlation between breast cancer therapy especially chemo or hormonal therapy and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. Zoledronic acid and Denosumab is expected to effectively treat osteoporosis and decrease tumor metastasis. Aim: is to assess the role of Zoledronic acid and Denosumab in treatment of osteoporosis and decreasing tumor spreading in postmenopausal breast cancer women. Methodology: 85 reports were collected from Baheya Foundation from post-menopausal women received chemotherapy or hormonal therapy, had osteoporosis and administered Zoledronic acid or Denosumab. Data were collected from double DEXA scan reports in order to compare between the 2 DEXA to assess the improvement in bone density and the efficacy of the drug. Another 85 reports were gathered from post-menopausal women who didn’t administer Zoledronic acid or Denosumab nor had osteoporosis as a comparison group to prove the antitumor effect of the drugs. Results: In this study, it was found that bone density of 63% from the total women was enhanced after administering Zoledronic acid or Denosumab. Denosumab was effective in the treatment of osteoporosis with a percentage 80% while Zoledronic acid 59%. Moreover, only 4% of the total patients who were administering zoledronic acid or denosumab in the study group suffered from metastasis and 60% of the total cases in the control group got a metastatic cancer. Conclusion: The research proved that Zoledronic acid and Denosumab have a significant effect on enhancing bone density. The effectiveness of Denosumab is higher than Zoledronic acid. The efficacy of both drugs is inversely proportional with the patients’ age. Finally, both drugs show an inhibitory effect on the tumor metastasis and improvement in the survival of breast cancer women.