Pharmacological Study On Using A New Drug For Management Of Wound Healing In Rat Model

Abstract

A wound is any break or damage in the surface of the skin and the wounds can be accidental like burns, abrasions, skin tears, paper cuts. There are two types of wounds: open wounds (penetration and blunt trauma wounds) and closed wounds (hematoma, blister and crush injuries). Wound healing is an essential physiological and complex process in which the skin and the tissue under it regenerate and repair themselves after injury. There are four stages of wound healing Hemostasis, Inflammatory, proliferative and formation of granulation tissue and remodeling and maturation stage. Hemostasis stage responsible for vasoconstriction and blood clotting. Inflammatory phase at which body release inflammatory mediators to prevent contamination. Proliferation stage aims to reduce wound area and encourage blood vessels to carry nutrients and oxygen to wound area. Last stage is remodeling which interested in achieving maximum stretchable strength of the skin. Many factors affecting wound healing such as age, hormones, nutrition, infection and oxygenation. Management of the open wounds include stop bleeding by pressure, clean wound area and use antibiotic the covering to prevent infection. For closed wound applying ice packs and medication are the ways to relieve pain. Natural products called home remediation can be used to help in wound healing such as turmeric, garlic, honey and coconut oil. Also, nutrition like vitamin C, proteins and zinc help in accelerate time of healing. Many parameters used to assessment the healing pattern and evaluate a drug activity like calculation of percentage of wound contraction, epithelization time and histopathological examination by using statistical methods as ANOVA. Scientists develop method to determine wound dimension by using transparent tracing paper, standardized photographs and video analysis. Also, there are many ways to measure wound volume include using graduated ruler and sterile blunt-tipped rod, analysis of structured light, using silicon rubber and weighing alginate molds.