Post COVID-19 Mucormycosis: Review of Literature

Abstract

Mucormycosis is a fatal fungal infection which emerges as a serious complication of COVID-19. It increased significantly in prevalence in the last few years especially in immunocompromised patients. Clinically, it has different types, pulmonary mucormycosis, Gastrointestinal tract mucormycosis, renal mucormycosis, Cutaneous mucormycosis, disseminated mucormycosis, but the most common type to develop is Rhino-orbital-cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM). A fast definitive diagnosis is the most critical step to determine the type of treatment with either a surgical or pharmacological approach and to confine the spread of the infection to neighboring tissues to achieve a better prognosis with reconstruction of affected area and decrease the rate of mortalities. The aim of this review is to discuss mucormycosis based on evidence from 1957 until 2022 taken from different countries, to shine light on causative factor, clinical presentation, radiographic appearance, its classifications and treatment using surgical and pharmacological pathways, also show the recent reconstruction methods performed, as well as its mortality rate.