Faculty Of Pharmacy Graduation Project

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Browsing Faculty Of Pharmacy Graduation Project by Subject "Analytical Chemistry"

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    Advanced electrochemical approaches for selective determination of selected drugs in different matrices
    (MSA university Faculty of pharmacy, 2020) Mohamed El-Saeed Saleh El-Zemaity, Mayar; Mahmoud Fathy, Nada; Maged Halim, Monica; El-Sayed Mohammed, Nancy
    Electrochemistry is a science that deals with different methods and techniques used in analytical chemistry by introducing and measuring the relationship between different phases that contain electrons and other phases that contain ions. The movement of those electrons from one element to other leads to the generation of electricity by a reaction called redox reaction. There are three main electrochemical methods including voltammetry, conductometry and potentiometry. Voltammetry is considered to be an approach of the electrochemical methods used in the analytical chemistry as it shows a lot of information about the analyte by measuring the relationship between voltage, current and time that arise in the cell. This cell consists of three electrodes which are counter electrode, working electrode and references electrode. There are many types of voltammetry that are classified according to the change in potential such as linear sweep voltammetry, staircase voltammetry, normal pulse voltammetry, deferential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and stripping voltammetry. Moreover, screen printed electrode is a modified type of carbon paste electrode. It is an appropriate technique because no complex or expensive tools are required, and printer operations are quick and fast. It was used for the determination of penciclovir and entecavir. The stock standard solutions of both drugs were prepared of concentration (1.0×10 −3 M). acetate buffer, phosphate buffer and working electrode were also prepared. Positive increase in the electric current by increasing the voltage was found which indicated the oxidation process for both penciclovir and entecavir. After the determination of optimization factors, it was found that penciclovir followed diffusion phenomena. While entecavir was found to follow adsorption with diffusion phenomena. Furthermore, the most suitable pH for the determination of penciclovir and entecavir were found to be 5 and 8 respectively where the highest current occurred. Carbon Paste Electrode (CPE) was constructed to optimize the voltametric determination of both drugs. The test of three screen printed electrodes were done in order to test for the analysis of both drugs which are screen-printed multi-walled carbon nanotube electrode (SMWCNTE), Screen-printed Nano Platine Electrode (SNPE) and Screen-printed Nano Gold Electrode (SNGE).
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    Bioremediation of pharmaceuticals using alginate immobilized microorganisms
    (MSA university Faculty of pharmacy, 6/25/2020) Mohamed Ahmed Abd Elhak Elgohary, Ahmedو; Hazem Sami Tantawi Elserwi, Mariam; Ahmed Mohammed Mahdy El-Tohamy Salm, Marwa; Magdy Mohamed Abdelaziz Elsherif, May
    Water Poverty by 2025, half of the world’s population will be living in water-stressed areas. In least developed countries, 22% of health care facilities have no water service, which will have a negative effect on public health in those countries
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    Smart Membranes for Water Remediation Using Different Biomasses”
    (MSA university Faculty of pharmacy, 2020) Sherif Zeidan, Abdulaziz; Saber Mohamed, Mohannid; Khaled Mahmoud, Omar; Mohamed Hesham, Omar
    Water pollution is a serious problem that faces the whole world, it occurs when contaminants are found in polluted water. There are many methods used to purify and decontaminate polluted water. Traditional methods like sedimentation and activated charcoal for purification were found to be inefficient. So, the aim of this study is to use recent methods for the preparation of a fully functioning smart membrane, Ultra filtration is one of the newest methods used for water purification. Cellulose acetate is the most important & the main constituent in the membrane formulation which can be obtained from relatively cheap materials that is found in wastes of agriculture such as rice husk. The objectivity of this study is to prepare ultrafiltration membrane using phase inversion technique using different methods. The work begins with the following steps. First, preparation of ultrafiltration membrane using CA, PVA and NMP as the solvent. Then, ultrafiltration membrane is prepared using DMAC as a solvent, PVP, CA and the addition of acetone as a cosolvent. This method of membrane preparation focused on preparing different membrane ratios and choosing the best membrane showing intact, homogenous and clear membrane formation. At last, the same ultrafiltration membrane was prepared like the previous method but by the addition of plasticizer like PEG for pore size and elasticity improvement. Then, membrane characterization test like SEM, H-NMR & FT-IR were done to identify membrane’s morphological structure. Following that, HPLC test is performed for testing the adsorption properties of different prepared membranes with different ratios in order to identify the removal rate of ciprofloxacin from the prepared ultrafiltration membrane. Results showed that the prepared membrane removed about 40% of ciprofloxacin from water. lastly, a comparative study will be performed between the investigated membrane filters and then choosing the highest adsorption membrane for water purification.
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    Utilization and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained from different natural biomasses as an economic excipient
    (MSA university Faculty of pharmacy, 2020) Emad Hussein Nada, Marwan; Khaled Sayed Hassan, Mayada; Mohamed Mahmoud Elhantiry, Nada; abd elrahman Eldeeb, Rawan
    Many biomasses are burnt daily to get rid of them as they are available in a large amount and the human does not want them. This action can cause an environmental problem like air pollution. Also these biomasses like water hyacinth, rice husk and wheat husk are available, cheap materials which contain a high percent of lignin and cellulose; they can be used in an ecofriendly method as they can be used in the extraction of the MCC which works as an adsorbent. MCC can be used as an adsorbent for the pollutants in the contaminated water. MCC is a depolymerized alpha cellulose pure precursor. The MCC also can be used in the pharmaceutical field as a bulking agent, fat substitute, emulsifier, thickener and binder in tablets. MCC can be obtained from the three different biomasses by steam explosion, acid hydrolysis, reactive extrusion and enzyme mediated. In our study we used the acidic hydrolysis in the extraction of the microcrystalline cellulose from the three biomasses. We were looking forward for the extract of the microcrystalline cellulose by using the minimal cost, most effective and ecofriendly method. After that comparing the extracted microcrystalline cellulose with the microcrystalline cellulose found in the market according to the cost, NMR, SEM, FT -IR and XRD.