Browsing by Author "Mohamed A. Salem"

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A comparative UPLC‑orbitrap‑MS‑based metabolite profiling of three Pelargonium species cultivated in Egypt
(Springer Nature, 2024-10-01) Rana M. Merghany; Mohamed A. Salem; Shahira M. Ezzat; Sherifa F. A. Moustafa; Salma A. El‑Sawi; Meselhy R. Meselhy
Several Pelargonium species are cultivated mainly to produce essential oils used in perfume industry and for ornamental purposes. Although the chemical composition and biological activities of their essential oils were extensively investigated, there is limited information about the chemical composition of their non-volatile constituents. In this study, we report an Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS)-based metabolomics approach for the annotation and analysis of various metabolites in three species; P. graveolens, P. denticulatum, and P. fragrans utilizing The Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) and multivariate data analyses for clustering of the metabolites. A total of 154 metabolites belonging to different classes were annotated. The three species are good sources of coumarins, benzoic acid derivatives, organic acids, fatty acids, and phospholipids. However, the highest level of flavonols (mono- and di-O-glycosides) and cinnamic acid derivatives was found in P. graveolens and P. denticulatum, whereas tannins and flavone C-glycosides were abundant in P. fragrans. The metabolic profiles clarified here provide comprehensive information on the non-volatile constituents of the three Pelargonium species and can be employed for their authentication and possible therapeutic applications.
Clinical uses of cannabis and Catha edulis products
(Elsevier, 2024-01-01) Shahira M. Ezzat; Passent M. Abdel Baki; Rana M. Ibrahim; Doaa Abu Elezz; Mahmoud Abdelaziz; Mohamed A. Salem
The medicinal use of cannabis (Cannabis sativa) and khat (Catha edulis) as well as their products has been increased in the last decade. Medical cannabis and khat have been legalized in several countries. Additionally, the major cannabinoids, particularly cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol, have been utilized for the development of FDA-approved pharmaceuticals. The clinical applications of cannabis and C. edulis products are complicated by legislation and regulations that are varied among countries. In this chapter, the pharmacological and the side effect profiles for the clinical uses of cannabis and C. edulis products are highlighted. Although, the clinical data for their use are continuing to evolve, the legal status needs to be authorized to keep the balance between clinical applications and limitations.
Extraction and isolation of cannabinoids
(Elsevier, 2024-01-01) Mohamed A. Salem; Rana M. Ibrahim; Passent M. Abdel Baki; Sohila M. Osman; Shahira M. Ezzat
Cannabis sativa L. is one of the most important medicinal plants that belongs to the family Cannabaceae. C. sativa is a herbaceous flowering plant that is indigenous to eastern Asia, but it is now cultivated worldwide due to the importance of its active constituents known as cannabinoids. Due to the growing interest in these compounds, various methods for their extraction and isolation were proposed. In this chapter, we will have an overview about the conventional and nonconventional methods for extraction of cannabinoids both from plant material and from biological samples for forensic purposes. Also we will review the methods for isolation of such compounds from different types of extracts as well as the modern methods for metabolomics and chemometric tools for analysis of cannabinoids.
New series of fluoroquinolone derivatives as potential anticancer Agents: Design, Synthesis, in vitro biological Evaluation, and Topoisomerase II Inhibition
(Academic Press Inc., 2025-01-13) Mina E. Adly; Azza T. Taher; Fakher M. Ahmed; Ashraf M. Mahmoud; Mohamed A. Salem; Rana M. El-Masry
A series of fluoroquinolone analogs (II, IIIa-g) derived from Ciprofloxacin hydrazide were designed, and synthesized. The NCI-60 Human Tumor Cell Line Screening assay indicated that compounds II, IIIb, and IIIf are the most potent among the series and were further selected for five-dose evaluation, where they exhibited potent cytotoxicity with mean GI50 values of 3.30, 2.45, and 9.06 µM, respectively, where they reduced the cell proliferation of most of the tested cell lines with IC50 values significantly lower than the reference drug Etoposide. A selectivity study demonstrated the high selective cytotoxicity of IIIf towards cancerous cells over normal mammalian Vero cells, presenting it as a potent and selective antitumor agent. Cell cycle analysis revealed that treatment with II, IIIb, or IIIf induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in MCF-7 cells. Topoisomerase II enzyme inhibition assay showed that the three tested compounds are potent topo II inhibitors where compound II (IC50 = 51.66 µM) displayed more potent inhibitory activity compared to the well-known topo II inhibitor Etoposide (IC50 = 58.96 µM), while compounds IIIb and IIIf showed comparable activity to the reference drug. Molecular modeling study suggested that the topoisomerase inhibitory activity may be attributed to the binding to the Merbarone binding site and chelation with Mg2+