Browsing by Author "Hamouda H.M."

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The preservative efficacy of Licorice and Rosemary combination in cream formula
(Scholars Research Library, 2014) Assar N.H.; Hamouda H.M.; Mohamed G.S.; Amin H.M.; Department of Microbiology; National organization for Drug Control and Research; M.S.A University; Egypt; Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Pharmacy; M.S.A University; Egypt
Based on our previous results, which proved that each of G. glabra and R. officinalis extracts potentiate the antibacterial effect of the other aganist MRSA when combined together at their sub-MIC. We thought to investigate the capacity of Glycyrrhiza glabra(Licorice) and Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) extracts to act as preservatives for topical formulations, which in our knowledge is the first to be used together. Two Oil/Water(O/W )cream were formulated : using methyl paraben, a common used preservative (MP) and the combination between Licorice and Rosemary (LR) as preservatives, were tested for their Primary skin irritation on Laboratory experimental animals which proved that they were devoid of any primary skin irritation, erythema, or edema even after 48 h of application, and by challenging them with microbial indicators: Bacterial; (Escherichia Coli 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus 29737), Yeast; (Candida albicans10231), and fungi; (Aspergillus niger 1015), revealed that the concentration of each test microorganisms decreased during the test period.
Synergistic antibacterial effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra and Rosmarinus officinalis against MRSA isolated from Egypt
(Bentham Science Publishers B.V., 2015) Assar N.H.; Hamouda H.M.; Mohamed G.S.; Amin H.M.; Department of Microbiology; National Organization for Drug Control and Research; Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Egypt; Department of Microbiology; M. S. A University; Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; King Abdul-Aziz University; Saudi Arabia
192 Staphylococcus samples were isolated from patients in Egyptian hospitals and 112 were identified as Staphylococcus aureus using conventional methods based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. Sensitivity of isolates to a range of antibiotics was also tested by disc diffusion method, which revealed that 82% of isolates were MRSA isolates. Methicillin resistance was confirmed using PCR-based molecular approach, 8 isolates were harboured mecA gene and 4 isolates were Borderline S. aureus (BORSA). MICs of different antibiotic classes were determined; results were varied to different antibiotics, where Penicillin and Ampicillin MICs varied from resistant to borderline resistant isolates (512,62?g/ml). Cinnamomum cassia, Syzygium aromaticum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis plant extracts were tested to examine their antibacterial activity against MRSA isolates. MIC of tested plant extracts was evaluated by agar dilution method. Diethyl ether extracts of G. glabra, R. officinalis and S. officinalis showed the lowest MICs values (0.05, 0.39, 0.195mg/ml respectively). Investigation of possible synergistic effect upon combination between plant extracts with the lowest MICs values was evaluated by a checkerboard titration assay. Combination between diethyl ether extracts of G. glabra and R. officinalis at conc. 0.0125 and 0.0975 mg/ml respectively showed synergistic effect on MRSA isolates and standard strain. Both extracts shown antibacterial effects on MRSA cells by shrinkage of the protoplasts and disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane evidenced by protein analysis and Microscopic examination of cells pre and post treatment by TEM .These results suggest that these extracts might be used as a promising antibacterial agent.