Browsing by Author "El Halawany A.M."

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    Comparative study of volatile oil content and antimicrobial activity of pecan cultivars growing in Egypt
    (2013) El Hawary S.S.; Zaghloul S.S.; El Halawany A.M.; El Bishbishy M.H.; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Cairo 11562; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Modern Sciences and Arts University; Giza; Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah; Saudi Arabia
    The volatile oils obtained from the leaves of four pecan cultivars growing in Egypt were evaluated for their chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. The selected cultivars (cv.) were Carya illinoinensis (Wangneh.) K. Koch. cv. Wichita, C. illinoinensis cv. Western Schley, C. illinoinensis cv. Cherokee, and C. illinoinensis cv. Sioux. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the volatile oils from samples of the different cultivars differ in composition and percentage of their components. ?-Curcumene was found as the major constituent of the cv. Wichita oil, whereas germacrene D was the major component of cv. Sioux, cv. Cherokee, and cv. Western Schley. The antimicrobial activity was assayed using the Kirby-Bauer Method by measuring the zone of inhibition of growth. All volatile oils displayed an antimicrobial activity against the tested bacterial strains. On the other hand, only the volatile oil of cv. Wichita showed an antifungal effect on Aspergillus flavus. This work has identified candidates of volatile oils for future in vivo studies to develop antibiotic substitutes for the diminution of human and animal pathogenic bacteria. Nevertheless, the variations of the volatile oil components and antimicrobial potencies of the different studied cultivars, necessitate identifying the cultivars used in future studies. � 2013 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., and Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition.
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    Phenolic content and anti-hyperglycemic activity of pecan cultivars from Egypt
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2016) El Hawary S.S.; Saad S.; El Halawany A.M.; Ali Z.Y.; El Bishbishy M.; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Cairo; 11562; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; MSA University; Giza; Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah; Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry; National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR); Giza; Egypt
    Context: Pecans are commonly used nuts with important health benefits such as anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects.Objective: A comparative investigation of the antihyperglycemic and total phenolic content of the leaves and shells of four pecan cultivars growing in Egypt was carried out. The selected cultivars (cv.) were Carya illinoinensis Wangneh. K. Koch. cv. Wichita, cv. WesternSchely, cv. Cherokee, and cv. Sioux family Juglandaceae.Materials and methods: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the leaves and shells of pecan cultivars were carried out using Folin-Ciocalteus and aluminum chloride assays, respectively. Moreover, HPLC profiling of phenolic and flavonoid contents was carried out using RP-HPLC-UV. In addition, in vivo anti-hyperglycemic activity of the ethanolic extracts (125 mg/kg bw, p.o.) of C. illinoinensis cultivars was carried out using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks.Results and discussion: Phenolic contents were higher in shells than leaves in all studied cultivars, while flavonoids were higher in leaves. Leaves and shells of cv. Sioux showed the highest phenolics (251.7 ?g gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g), and flavonoid contents (103.27 ?g rutin equivalent (RE)/g and 210.67 ?g quercetin equivalent (QE)/g), respectively. The HPLC profiling of C. illinoinensis cultivars resulted in the identification of eight flavonoids (five of these compounds are identified for the first time from pecan), and 15 phenolic acids (six are identified for the first time from pecan). Leaves of cv. Sioux revealed the most potent decrease in blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c%) (194.9 mg/dl and 6.52%, respectively), among other tested cultivars. Moreover, leaves of cv. Sioux significantly elevated serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reduced glutathione (GSH) (0.33 mMol/l and 30.68 mg/dl, respectively), and significantly suppressed the markers of both lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and protein oxidation (protein carbonyl, PC) (14.25 ?mol/ml and 3.18 nmol/mg protein, respectively).Conclusion: Different pecan cultivars showed significant variation in its phenolic and flavonoid contents and consequently their antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic effects. � 2015 Taylor & Francis.