Preparation, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxic actions of newly synthesized gold nanoparticles (RSPHC2.8)

Abstract

Cancer is a term for the diseases characterized by the abnormal division of normal cells without control and invade nearby tissues. Cancer cells can spread through lymph systems and blood stream to other parts of the body. The traditional ways of cancer treatment and management have many side effects varying between mild to severe due to the lacking in the ability to target the tumour cells. In contrast, using nanotechnology, in treating cancer, add a lot to our arsenal against cancer more than the traditional ways as the nanoparticles, have the ability to decrease these side effects based on some strategies such as “Enhanced Permeability and Retention” phenomenon that increases the targeting of the tumour areas depending on the fact that the tumor tissues have pores, whose sizes are different from those of the normal tissues. So the nanoparticles can go through these pores specifically. Here, we succeeded to fabricate gold nanoparticles using Gallic acid then load Doxorubicin on this combination with 20nm size that was confirmed using TEM, DLS and zeta potential measurement. The reason behind using these three components is that they all have cytotoxic effect so we can make the best benefit from the synergistic effect of them. Another reason is that this method is considered as a green method that has many advantages as production of less toxic or hazardous product, safe, cost effective and other advantages. Then the cytotoxicity studies on liver and breast cancer cell lines had confirmed the magnificent synergistic effect of the synthesized nanoparticles. The IC50 of doxorubicin on hepatocellular carcinoma and breast carcinoma was 0.34 ± 0.05 μl/100μl and 0.45 ± 0.07 μl/100μl respectively, while the IC50 of the loaded nanoparticles with doxorubicin on hepatocellular carcinoma and breast carcinoma was 0.09 ± 0.01 μl/100μl and 0.16 ± 0.02 μl/100μl respectively.