Browsing by Author "Rudrapal, Mithun"

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    Bioanalysis: methods, techniques, and applications
    (Elsevier, 2022-01) Rudrapal, Mithun; Kothawade, Aniket P; Ezzat, Shahira M; Egbuna, Chukwuebuka
    Bioanalysis describes quantitative estimation of chemicals or drug substances as well as their metabolic products in large variety of bio-samples. It is an integrated technique that has been employed in preclinical stages of drug-discovery process to further support the clinical phases of drug discovery. However, a bioanalytical method must be optimized, characterized, and validated following documented procedures according to United States Pharmacopeia (USP)/International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines to comply with the regulatory guidelines and acceptance criteria. Bioanalytical studies should therefore provide accurate and reproducible estimation of drugs or metabolites in biological samples at great level of sensitivity, selectivity, and specificity. In this chapter, various advanced techniques commonly employed in bioanalysis have been summarized. Different techniques of extraction and an array of advanced hyphenated techniques are employed for the evaluation of bioanalytes in biofluids, with improved analytical specificity and sensitivity. The applications of bioanalysis in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and other allied areas have been systematically reviewed in this chapter. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Phytochemicals and bioactive compounds effective against acute myeloid leukemia: A systematic review
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2023-05) Egbuna, Chukwuebuka; Patrick-Iwuanyanwu, Kingsley C; Onyeike, Eugene N; Khan, Johra; Palai, Santwana; Patel, Sandip B; Parmar, Vijaykumar K; Kushwaha8 |, Garima; Singh, Omkar; Jeevanandam, Jaison; Kumarasamy, Suresh; Uche, Chukwuemelie Zedech; Narayanan, Mathiyazhagan; Rudrapal, Mithun; Odoh, Uchenna; Chikeokwu, Ikenna; Găman, Mihnea-Alexandru; Saravanan, Kaliyaperumal; Ifemeje, Jonathan C; Ezzat, Shahira M; Olisah, Michael C; Chikwendu, Chukwudi Jude; Adedokun, Kamoru A.; Imodoye, Sikiru O.; Bello, Ibrahim O.; Twinomuhwezi, Hannington; Awuchi, Chinaza Godswill
    This systematic review identified various bioactive compounds which have the po- tential to serve as novel drugs or leads against acute myeloid leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematopoietic malignancy that arises from the dysregulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and cell death. The risk factors as- sociated with the onset of AML include long-term exposure to radiation and chemi- cals such as benzene, smoking, genetic disorders, blood disorders, advancement in age, and others. Although novel strategies to manage AML, including a refinement of the conventional chemotherapy regimens, hypomethylating agents, and molecu- lar targeted drugs, have been developed in recent years, resistance and relapse re- main the main clinical problems. In this study, three databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, were systematically searched to identify various bioactive compounds with antileukemic properties. A total of 518 articles were iden- tified, out of which 59 were viewed as eligible for the current report. From the data extracted, over 60 bioactive compounds were identified and divided into five major groups: flavonoids, alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, terpenes, and terpenoids, and other known and emerging bioactive compounds. The mechanism of actions of the analyzed individual bioactive molecules differs remarkably and includes disrupting chromatin structure, upregulating the synthesis of certain DNA repair proteins, in- ducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and inhibiting/regulating Hsp90 activities, DNA methyltransferase 1, and histone deacetylase 1.