Browsing by Author "Nasser, Heidy"

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Driving Forces of Wage Gap and its impact on Female Participation on Economic Growth: Evidence from in Egypt, Malaysia and Pakistan
(Juniper publishers, 2/14/2019) Salman, Doaa; Shalaby, Dina; Nasr, Naglaa; Nasser, Heidy
This research paper tackles the determinants of wage differentials and wage inequality in Egypt and Malaysia, as well as their impacts on the economy. However, women tend to be so discriminated up until now, despite the enormous development we have been through, they still get paid less than men. Therefore, this paper aims to know the role of women and how they influence economic growth. Moreover, the study is carried upon the period 1990-2017. The paper concludes that education and human capital have a great role in determining wages and acquiring women an opportunity of getting higher earnings. Closing the wage gap is somehow hard for Egypt as it is a low-income country. While, Malaysia showed a downward trend in the female participation rate in the labor market in 2006 than in 1992 for different cultural perspectives and obstacles facing women in the Malaysian labor market. Furthermore, women turned to have a positive impact on economic growth according to the Feminization U’ Model. Also, we used Belgium and Pakistan as a case study to reflect how they overcame gender discrimination in wage pay due to different policies they implemented and trade unions they joined.
Tourism and Environmental Degradation in the Russian Federation
(Open Science Publishers, 9/13/2018) Salman, Doaa; Nasser, Heidy
Mass tourism is one of the main factors that contributes to economic growth and is a major objective to most of the countries nowadays. It has a lot of positive impact on country’s economic performance, however, there is always a trade-off between economic and environmental incentives. Therefore, mass tourism has a driving force to environmental degradation especially if its contribution to pollution exceeds the optimum level. The main aim of this paper, is to test the impact of tourism on the Russian Federation’s environment, to see the major actions of tourists that lead to environmental deterioration during the 2000s and forward such as, dumping the garbage, harming the wildlife, emitting large gas emissions and energy consumptions. In addition, revealing Russia’s problems with tourism development and ecological footprints. Finally, we are going to suggest some solutions to maintain sustainable development and conservation of resources including the usage of natural gases instead of electricity, using efficient light bulbs and water flow controllers in order to limit consumptions. Also, training programs are made by institutions to enhance the employees’ skills and raise their awareness of modern technology. Lastly and most importantly, Russia turned out to be one of the top countries maintaining sustainable development and has good future to being green.