Browsing by Author "Mostafa, E.S"

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    Karafsin, a unique mono-acylated flavonoid apiofurnoside from the leaves of Apium graveolens var. secalinum Alef: In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory assessment
    (Elsevier B.V., 12/15/2020) Mostafa, E.S; Nawwar, M.A.M; Mostafa, D.A; Ragab, M.F; Swilam, N
    Celery ethanol extract (CEE) of leaves of Apium graveolens var. secalinum Alef, showed high phenolic content with significant antioxidant activity using DPPH and ORAC assay. Two unique unknown compounds, apigenin 7-O-mono-apiofuranoside and acylated flavonoid, 7-O- (5″-E-p-coumaroyl)-apiofuranside (karafsin) were identified in CEE for the first time by a full structural analysis, along with 6 known compounds. While karafsin significantly inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 by 42.52 ± 2.88 and 70.33 ± 2.97 % at 50 and 100 mg/mL and 5-lipoxygenase by 37.33 ± 2.87 and 75.77 ± 2.57 % at 50 and 100 mg/mL in raw macrophage cells challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, CEE exhibited the same weigh-dose activity as a crude extract mixture. Comparable inhibition of NO was also observed by CEE versus karafsin at approximately 0.06 mg/mL. Thus, CEE as a mixture has potent anti-inflammatory activity, of which the formulated 1% topical gel was found to have a 79.51 % inhibition of edema in the carrageenan-induced rat paw model, comparable as the commercial 1% diclofenac gel. CEE has potent anti-inflammatory activity and this warrants additional investigations. © 2020 Elsevier B.V