Browsing by Author "Mohamed S.O."

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Brain Cortical and Hippocampal Dopamine: A New Mechanistic Approach for Eurycoma longifolia Well-Known Aphrodisiac Activity and Its Chemical Characterization
(Hindawi Limited, 2019) Ezzat, Shahira M; Ezzat M.I.; Okba M.M.; Hassan S.M.; Alkorashy A.I.; Karar M.M.; Ahmed S.H.; Mohamed S.O.; Fernandes G.; Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Kasr El-Ainy Street; Cairo; 11562; Egypt; Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA); 6th of October 12566; Egypt; Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Science; Ain Shams University; Cairo; Egypt; Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University; Cairo; Egypt; Zewail City of Science and Technology; Cairo; Egypt; Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Agriculture; Cairo University; Cairo; Egypt; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Malaysia
Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Fam.: Simaroubaceae), known as Tongkat Ali (TA), has been known as a symbol of virility and sexual power for men. Metabolic profiling of the aqueous extract of E. longifolia (AEEL) using UPLC-MS/MS in both positive and negative modes allowed the identification of seventeen metabolites. The identified compounds were classified into four groups: quassinoids, alkaloids, triterpenes, and biphenylneolignans. AEEL is considered safe with oral LD50 cut-off >5000 mg/kg. Oral administration of 50, 100, 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg of AEEL for 10 consecutive days to Sprague-Dawley male rats caused significant reductions in mounting, intromission, and ejaculation latencies and increased penile erection index. AEEL increased total body weight and relative weights of seminal vesicles and prostate. Total and free serum testosterone and brain cortical and hippocampal dopamine content was significantly elevated in treated groups with no significant effects on serotonin or noradrenaline content. 2019 Shahira M. Ezzat et al.
Recent Updates in Pharmacological Properties of Chitooligosaccharides
(Hindawi Limited, 2019) Marmouzi I.; Ezzat, Shahira M; Salama M.M.; Merghany R.M.; Attar A.M.; El-Desoky A.M.; Mohamed S.O.; University Mohammed v in Rabat; Facult� de M�dicine et Pharmacie; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie; �quipe de Pharmacocin�tique; Rabat; Morocco; Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Kasr El-Ainy Street; Cairo; 11562; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA); 6th October12611; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants; Faculty of Pharmacy; British University in Egypt; Cairo; 11837; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; National Research Centre; Giza; Egypt; Faculty of Science and Techniques; Hassan II University of Casablanca; Mohammedia; Morocco; Department of Molecular Biology; Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI); University of Sadat City (USC); Sadat City; Egypt; Natural Wellness Scientific Office; Kuala Lumpur; Malaysia
Chemical structures derived from marine foods are highly diverse and pharmacologically promising. In particular, chitooligosaccharides (COS) present a safe pharmacokinetic profile and a great source of new bioactive polymers. This review describes the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties of COS from recent publications. Thus, COS constitute an effective agent against oxidative stress, cellular damage, and inflammatory pathogenesis. The mechanisms of action and targeted therapeutic pathways of COS are summarized and discussed. COS may act as antioxidants via their radical scavenging activity and by decreasing oxidative stress markers. The mechanism of COS antidiabetic effect is characterized by an acceleration of pancreatic islets proliferation, an increase in insulin secretion and sensitivity, a reduction of postprandial glucose, and an improvement of glucose uptake. COS upregulate the GLUT2 and inhibit digestive enzyme and glucose transporters. Furthermore, they resulted in reduction of gluconeogenesis and promotion of glucose conversion. On the other hand, the COS decrease inflammatory mediators, suppress the activation of NF-B, increase the phosphorylation of kinase, and stimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes. Overall, this review brings evidence from experimental data about protective effect of COS. � 2019 Ilias Marmouzi et al.
Rho-Kinase II Inhibitory Potential of Eurycoma longifolia New Isolate for the Management of Erectile Dysfunction
(Hindawi Limited, 2019) Ezzat, Shahira M; Okba M.M.; Ezzat M.I.; Aborehab N.M.; Mohamed S.O.; Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Kasr El-Ainy Street; Cairo; 11562; Egypt; Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA); October; 12566; Egypt; Biochemistry Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA); 6th October12566; Egypt; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Malaysia
Background. Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Fam.: Simaroubaceae), known as Tongkat Ali (TA), has been known as a symbol of virility and sexual power. The aim of the study was to screen E. longifolia aqueous extract (AE) and isolates for ROCK-II inhibition. Results. The AE (1-10 ?g/ml) showed a significant inhibition for ROCK-II activity (62.8-81%) at P < 0.001 with an IC50 (651.1 � 32.9 ng/ml) compared to Y-27632 ([(+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-aminoethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride]) (68.15-89.9 %) at same concentrations with an IC50 (192 � 8.37 ng/ml). Chromatographic purification of the aqueous extract (AE) allowed the isolation of eight compounds; stigmasterol T1, trans-coniferyl aldehyde T2, scopoletin T3, eurycomalactone T4, 6?- hydroxyeurycomalactone T5, eurycomanone T6, eurycomanol T7, and eurycomanol-2-O-?-D-glucopyranoside T8. This is the first report for the isolation of T1 and T3 from E. longifolia and for the isolation of T2 from genus Eurycoma. The isolates (at 10 ?g/ml) exhibited maximum inhibition % of ROCK-II 82.1 � 0.63 (T2), 78.3 � 0.38 (T6), 77.1 � 0.11 (T3), 76.2 � 3.53 (T4), 74.5 � 1.27 (T5), 74.1 � 2.97 (T7), 71.4 � 2.54 (T8), and 60.3 � 0.14 (T1), where the newly isolated compound trans-coniferyl aldehyde T2 showed the highest inhibitory activity among the tested isolated compounds and even higher than the total extract AE. The standard Y-27632 (10 ?g/ml) showed 89.9 � 0.42 % inhibition for ROCK-II activity when compared to control at P < 0.0001. Conclusion. The traditional use of E. longifolia as aphrodisiac and for male sexual disorders might be in part due to the ROCK-II inhibitory potential. � 2019 Shahira M. Ezzat et al.