Browsing by Author "Mahrous, Engy A"

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    Anti‑estrogenic and anti‑aromatase activities of citrus peels major compounds in breast cancer
    (Nature, 2021-03) El‑Kersh, Dina M; Ezzat, Shahira M; Salama, Maha M; Mahrous, Engy A; Attia, Yasmeen M; Ahmed, Mahmoud Salama; Elmazar, Mohey M
    Estrogen signaling is crucial for breast cancer initiation and progression. Endocrine-based therapies comprising estrogen receptor (ER) modulators and aromatase inhibitors remain the mainstay of treatment. This study aimed at investigating the antitumor potential of the most potent compounds in citrus peels on breast cancer by exploring their anti-estrogenic and anti-aromatase activities. The ethanolic extract of diferent varieties of citrus peels along with eight isolated favonoids were screened against estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell lines besides normal cells for evaluating their safety profle. Naringenin, naringin and quercetin demonstrated the lowest IC50s and were therefore selected for further assays. In silico molecular modeling against ER and aromatase was performed for the three compounds. In vivo estrogenic and anti-estrogenic assays confrmed an anti-estrogenic activity for the isolates. Moreover, naringenin, naringin and quercetin demonstrated in vitro inhibitory potential against aromatase enzyme along with anticancer potential in vivo, as evidenced by decreased tumor volumes. Reduction in aromatase levels in solid tumors was also observed in treated groups. Overall, this study suggests an antitumor potential for naringenin, naringin and quercetin isolated from citrus peels in breast cancer via possible modulation of estrogen signaling and aromatase inhibition suggesting their use in pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer patients, respectively.
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    Non-polar metabolites of green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) potentiate the antidiabetic activity of mesenchymal stem cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats
    (Wiely, 13/12/2021) Ezzat, Shahira M; Abdel Rahman, Mohamed F; Salama, Maha M; Mahrous, Engy A; El Bariary, Amany
    Green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are consumed as pods or mature seeds (common beans). The pods were extracted with 95% ethanol and processed to prepare non- polar and polar fractions. Comparing the antihyperglycemic activity of both fractions, non-polar fraction (NPF, 200 mg kg−1 day−1) lowered blood glucose in streptozotocin diabetic rats by 65% compared to 57% for the polar fraction at the same dose. When NPF treatment was combined with injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) a 4.4- fold increase in serum insulin and a 73.6% reduction in blood glucose were observed compared to untreated control. Additionally, a significant decrease in malondialde- hyde (76.2%), nitric oxide (68.2%), cholesterol (76.1%), and triglycerides (69.5%) and a 1.75-fold increase in HDL concentrations were observed in the group treated with this combination compared to diabetic animals. Interestingly, NPF increased homing of MSC in pancreas potentiating their antidiabetic activity. Finally, 26 compounds were identified in NPF using LC/MS analysis and four were isolated in pure form. The isolated compounds namely calotroproceryl acetate, fridelin, calotroproceryl A, and stigmasterol showed good inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase with IC50 at 1.93, 1.07, 1.34 and 1.44–1 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, these compounds inhib- ited α-amylase, albeit at higher concentration, with IC50 at 248, 212, 254, and 155 μg/ ml for calotroproceryl acetate, fridelin, calotroproceryl A, and stigmasterol, respec- tively. Our results suggest that green beans extract can potentiate effect of MSC in diabetes directly due to its own antidiabetic effect and indirectly by increasing MSC homing in pancreatic tissues. Practical applications It has been suggested in this study that green beans can improve hyperglycemia, oxi- dative balance in diabetes, so green beans can be promoted as a healthy nutrient for diabetic patients. Green beans also can enhance homing and differentiation of mesn- chymal stem cells in the pancreas for future stem cell therapy of type I diabetes.