Browsing by Author "M. Salama, Maha"

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Hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities of Delonix regia flower extracts
(Pharmacognosy Journal (P H C O G J .), 2011) Ezzat, Shahira M; M. El-Sayed, Aly; M. Salama, Maha; A. Sleem, Amany
Fractionation of the ethanolic extract of the flowers of Delonix regia led to the isolation of three sterols, namely, stigmasterol (1.54 %), β-sitosterol and its 3-O-glucoside (6.93 %), a triterpene, namely, ursolic acid (3.61 %) and four flavonoids: quercetin (2.92 %), quercitrin (0.59 %), isoquercitrin (3.87 %) and rutin (5.12 %) in addition to the amino acid L- azeditine-2-carboxylic acid. The structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis (IR, UV, EI/MS, 1 H-NMR and 13C-NMR). The concentration of the isolated compounds was determined by HPLC technique. The ethanolic extract and its non-polar and flavonoid rich fraction as well as the isolated compounds evidenced cytotoxic activities against human liver cancer cell line (HEPG2) which were potent for ursolic acid (IC50 0.55 µg/ml) and L-azeditine-2-carboxylic acid (IC50 2.51 µg/ml). Meanwhile, rutin and isoquercitrin were inactive. Moreover, the ethanolic extract and its two fractions were tested for hepatoprotective activity against CCl4 induced hepatic cell damage in rats at two dose levels (50 and 100 mg/kg), and the flavonoid rich fraction showed statistically significant hepatoprotection at 100 mg/kg. The presence of the aforementioned flavonoids with their efficient free radical scavenging properties may explain this liver protection ability. This could suggest the use of the ethanolic extract of the flowers of D. regia as a chemopreventive agent against the two main causes of liver damage; liver toxicity by chlorinated agents and liver cancer.
Moringa oleifera offers a Multi-Mechanistic Approach for Management of Obesity in Rats
(International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2014) H. Ahmed, Hanaa; M. Metwally, Fateheya; Rashad, Hend; M. Zaazaa, Asmaa; M. Ezzat, Shahira; M. Salama, Maha
Obesity is a condition in which excess body fat is accumulated to an extent that health may be negatively affected. Obesity is associated with a number of chronic health problems such as diabetes, heart disease, hypertension and cancer. The current study was constructed to evaluate the efficacy of alcoholic extract of Moringa oleifera in management of obesity induced by high cholesterol diet in rats. Adult female albino rats were classified into four groups. The first group was kept on standard rodent chow for 30 weeks (lean control). The other three groups received high cholesterol diet for 30 weeks. These animals were assigned as obese control group, Moringa oleifera treated group and Simvastatin treated group. The results revealed significant increase in thoracic (TC) and abdominal (AC) circumferences as well as body mass index (BMI) in obese group. Moreover, dyslipidemia, and hyperleptinemia have been demonstrated in obese group. Furthermore, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were significantly increased in obese group versus the lean control group. In addition, obese group revealed significant decrease in serum adiponectin level in concomitant with significant increase in resistin level as compared to lean control group. On the other side, treatment with Moringa oleifera alcoholic extract or simvastatin could reduce food intake and BMI as well as ameliorate the dyslipidemia, in obese groups. Serum leptin level showed significant decrease in obese group due to treatment with Moringa oleifera alcoholic extract or Simvastatin. As well significant inhibition of serum MDA and NO levels was detected as a consequence of treatment with either Moringa oleifera extract or Simvastatin. Additionally, the treatment of obese group with Moringa oleifera extract or Simvastatin resulted in significant decrease in serum resistin level in concomitant with significant increase in serum adiponectin level as compared to obese control group. In conclusion, the data of the current study provides experimental evidence for the anti-obesity effect of Moringa oleifera ethanol extract. Thus, present findings reinforce the advice recommending consumption of Moringa oleifera to modulate obesity.
New Bioactive Metabolites from a Crown Gall Induced on an Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. Tree
(Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, 2013) Ezzat, Shahira M; M. Salama, Maha; Salah El Dine, Riham; M. El-Sayed, Aly; A. Sleem, Amany
Applying a bioactivity-guided isolation strategy for the ethanolic extract of crown gall tumours induced on an Eucalyptus tereticornis tree, two new compounds in addition to a known one were isolated. The new compounds were identifi ed as an amino acid derivative named 1-ethyl-6-(1'-methyl-1'-phenylethyl) piperidin-2-one (1) and a lanostane tetracyclic triterpene named 3β-hydroxy-24-methyllanosta-8,17(20),24(28)-trien-22-oic acid (2), together with stigmasterol-3-O-glucoside (3). The three compounds exhibited signifi cant cytotoxic activity against two human cell lines, breast (MCF7) and colon (HCT116), with IC50 values of 1.01, 1.54, and 2.15 μg/ml, respectively, against MCF7 and 3.49, 3.83, and 3.39 μg/ ml, respectively, against HCT116. Furthermore, in rats elevated levels of blood cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDLc) were signifi cantly reduced, while the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDLc) was signifi cantly increased by administration of the etha nolic extract as well as of 3. These results support a correlation between the reduction of blood cholesterol levels and improvement of colorectal cancer.