Browsing by Author "Hemida, Eman H.A"

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    miRNAs: novel noninvasive biomarkers as diagnostic and prognostic tools in neonatal sepsis
    (Elsevier Inc, 2023-08) El-Khazragy, Nashwa; Mostafa, Mohamed Fathalla; Elnakib, Mostafa; Hemida, Eman H.A; Salah, Amira; Fawzy, Nesma Mohamed; Safwat, Gehan; Emam, Mennatallah M; Mahran, Nievin Ahmed; Rabie, Dina; Mohamed, Noura Mostafa
    Neonatal sepsis is known as a clinical syndrome that is character- ized by signs or symptoms of infection within the first 28 days fol- lowing delivery, and it can be confirmed by the isolation of the causative pathogen from the blood [1,2]. It is divided into 2 catego- ries: early-onset (within the first 72 hours from presentation) and late-onset (>72 hours) [3,4]. Based on a recent global estimate from over 14 countries, neonatal sepsis occurred in 29,608 cases out of 2,797,879 live births over a 10-year period (2009−2018), with an incidence of 3930 cases per 100,000 live births. It is also associated with a considerably high mortality rate of 17.6% (ranging from 10.3%−28.6%) worldwide [5]. Many risk factors are contributed to high mortality in neonates with sepsis, including lower Apgar scores, septic shock, mechanical ventilation, umbilical catheterization, neu- tropenia, severe thrombocytopenia, and carbapenem-resistant microorganisms [6] Due to the presentation of nonspecific signs and symptoms of infection, the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis poses a challenge to health- care practitioners [7,8], which further affects how quickly the treat- ment plan is initiated and the prognosis in this patient population [9]. Therefore, to minimize the risk of negative outcomes (namely progression or mortality), researchers have suggested the use of “bio- markers” that would help in the diagnosis of sepsis [9,10]. Based on the definition provided by the National Institute of Health (NIH), bio- markers are considered “indicators” that can be objectively measured to either indicate the presence of a disease or identify the response to a certain therapeutic drug. In the case of neonatal sepsis, both procal- citonin and C-reactive protein (CRP) are frequently investigated bio- markers; however, they are associated with limited diagnostic value [11]. To overcome those limitations, the introduction of novel
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    PTEN rs701848 Polymorphism is Associated with Trastuzumab Resistance in HER2-positive Metastatic Breast Cancer and Predicts Progression-free Survival
    (Elsevier, 2023-01) El-Khazragy, Nashwa; Gaballah, Ahmed; Bakkar, Ashraf; Hemida, Eman H.A; Samir, Nehal; Tarek, Marwa; Adly, Heba M; Saleh, Saleh A.K; Hanna, Demiana H
    The high mortality rate of HER-2+ve breast cancer (BC) is linked to Trastuzumab resistance, which is linked to PTEN rs701848 variants. In 160 patients with metastatic HER2+ve BC who were treated with trastuzumab, the PTEN genotypes were determined. Obtained results revealed that the PTEN locus is a major predictor of Trastuzumab resistance, and the C allele is linked to a higher risk. Background: Trastuzumab is an effective therapeutic approach for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (BC). However, a considerable number of patients develop resistance along the course of the disease. PTEN rs701848 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of developing cancer and have a potential role in predict- ing drug resistance. Objective: We studied the significance of PTEN rs701848 variants as significant predictors for trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive metastatic BC patients. Therefore, considering their value in predicting clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted among female patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who underwent Trastuzumab therapy during the period from March 2017 to December 2020. PTEN rs701848 genotypes were analyzed in 160 HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who received Trastuzumab therapy and clinically monitored for therapeutic response. Results: PTEN rs701848 is deemed a significant predictor of Trastuzumab resistance and an independent prognostic factor of progression-free survival (PPFS). In particular, the C allele is associated with increased risk for Trastuzumab resistance and shorter PFS as compared to the homozygous TT genotype. Conclusion: PTEN rs701848 is significant predictor of trastuzumab resistance. Therefore, their value in predicting clinical outcomes is recommended Clinical Breast Cancer, Vol. 000, No.xxx, 1–9 © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.