Browsing by Author "Hamido, Nashwa"

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The effect of natural antioxidant(s) on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in vitro
(Academic Journals (Kenya), 2014) Safwat, Gehan; El-Sharabasy, Sherif; El-Banna, A El-Moneam; Khede Zardah, Saleh; Hamido, Nashwa
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of the most valuable economic resources in the Middle East and North Africa that grow on monocotyledonous trees. To increase crop yield of palm trees, in vitro micro-propagation has become an attractive alternative for large-scale production of date palm. A problem that frequently damages tissues in the early micro-propagation is the brown color that advances in the callus culture due to the creation of quinones. Quinones seize plant cellular developments which lead to cellular decay. This study advocates the use of antioxidant factors found in spinach, kale and strawberries within various concentrations (50, 150 and 300 mg/L) with respect to the medium culture, in an attempt to reduce the level of total phenol and browning which occurs, and also to improve growth and development in different in vitro stages of date palm (P. dactylifera L.). The results indicate that better growth value of callus was achieved using 150 mg/L of kale concentration; allowing the total phenol level to be reduced to 0.9237 mg/g D.W, presenting a significant growth value in comparison to the other treatments in the embryonic callus stage. In the date palm’s somatic embryogenesis stage, the results show that the use of 50 mg/L of spinach, 50 mg/L of kale, 150 mg/L of strawberries, achieved a high number of somatic embryos and the total phenol level was reduced to 0.6167 mg/g D.W. Results from date palm shoot proliferation shows that high numbers of shoot (16.3) was achieved using 50 to 300 mg/L of kale; however, total phenol level was reduced to 0.04567 at 150 mg/L of spinach concentration. The fluctuation of reducing total phenol level in date palm was recorded when the explants were grown on medium supplemented with 50 mg/L of kale concentration.
Phytoremediation of Crude Petroleum Oil Pollution: A Review
(Egyptian Academy of Science and Technology, 2022-08-14) Hussein, Zahra S; Hamido, Nashwa; Hegazy, Ahmad K; El-Dessouky, Mohamed A; Mohamed, Nermen H; Safwat, Gehan
Environmental pollution is exacerbated by the rise in petroleum hydrocarbons due to exploration, production, transportation, and industrialization. This requires immediate remediation. Although crude oil removal using conventional techniques is efficient for cleaning up aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, it is costly and requires specialized staff and equipment. Despite their negative environmental consequences, chemical compounds such as dispersants, cleansers, emulsifiers, biosurfactants, and soil oxidizers are highly utilized. Phytoremediation and bioremediation have emerged as cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies. This paper aims to review the impacts of crude oil pollution and the phytoremediation of polluted ecosystems. We have reviewed various phytoremediation/bioremediation mechanisms and environmental factors. Additionally, we have discussed the degradation of crude petroleum, factors affecting petroleum hydrocarbon bioremediation, and the environmental consequences, such as DNA and epigenetic mutations. We have also compared the economics of phytoremediation and restoration of polluted sites with conventional technology. Plants can remediate the environment through phytodegradation, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, evapotranspiration, and phytoaccumulation. The microbial activities in the plant rhizosphere enhance the degradation and accumulation of the pollutants and modulate their bioavailability, thereby remediating the polluted areas and stabilizing the soil fertility.