Browsing by Author "Elberry, Ahmed A."

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    Effects of Fill Volume and Humidification on Aerosol Delivery During Single-Limb Noninvasive Ventilation
    (DAEDALUS ENTERPRISES INC., 2018) Saeed, Haitham; Mohsen, Marwa; Eldin, Abeer Salah; Elberry, Ahmed A.; Hussein, Raghda R. S.; Rabea, Hoda; Abdelrahim, Mohamed E. A.; https://t.ly/2rA2d
    BACKGROUND: The aim of this work was to determine the effect of nil volume and humidification change on aerosol delivery during single-limb noninvasive ventilation (NIV). METHODS: Four groups were recruited, each consisting of 12 subjects (6 females) with COPD receiving NIV. Groups 1 and 3 received inhaled salbutamol with a vibrating mesh nebulizer, and Groups 2 and 4 received inhaled salbutamol with a jet nebulizer. The in vivo study was carried out on days 1 and 3. In groups 1 and 2, 2 fill-volumes were delivered to each subject; 1 mL 5,000 mu g/mL salbutamol respirable solution used as it is or diluted to a total of 2 mL using normal saline. In groups 3 and 4, 1 mL 5,000 mu g/mL salbutamol respirable solution diluted to 2 mL total volume using normal saline was delivered to each subject with and without humidification. Unchanged salbutamol in urine at 30 min (USAL0.5) and in pooled urine at 24 h (USAL24) was determined. On day 2, the ex vivo study was carried out on subjects using the same experimental setting with a filter placed proximal to their face mask for collection of total inhaled dose of salbutamol (aerosol emitted). RESULTS: The vibrating mesh nebulizer delivered higher USAL0.5, USAL24, and aerosol emitted compared to the jet nebulizer at all fill volumes and humidification conditions (P < .001). Increasing till volume from 1 mL to 2 mL resulted in a significant increase in USAL0.5, USAL24, and aerosol emitted from the jet nebulizer (P < .05) with an insignificant effect on the vibrating mesh nebulizer. A 2-mL fill volume with the jet nebulizer delivered USAL24 and aerosol emitted comparable to those of 1 mL with the vibrating mesh nebulizer with significantly longer nebulization times (P < .001). Humidification had an insignificant effect on aerosol delivery. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing the fill volume of a jet nebulizer is essential to increase the amount of inhaled medication reaching a subject. In contrast, there is no need to increase rill volumes when using a vibrating mesh nebulizer. There is no need to switch off the humidifier while delivering aerosol through a single-limb NIV circuit.
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    Modeling and optimization of nebulizers' performance in non-invasive ventilation using different fill volumes: Comparative study between vibrating mesh and jet nebulizers
    (ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND, 2018-06) Saeed, Haitham; Ali, Ahmed M. A.; Elberry, Ahmed A.; Eldin, Abeer Salah; Rabea, Hoda; Abdelrahim, Mohamed E. A.
    Backgrounds: Substituting nebulisers by another, especially in non-invasive ventilation (NIV), involves many process-variables, e.g. nebulizer-type and fill-volume of respirable-dose, which might affect patient optimum therapy. The aim of the present work was to use neural-networks and genetic-algorithms to develop performance-models for two different nebulizers. Methods: In-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo models were developed using input-variables including nebulizer-type [jet nebulizer (JN) and vibrating mesh nebulizer (VMN)] fill-volumes of respirable dose placed in the nebulization chamber with an output-variable e.g. average amount reaching NIV patient. Produced models were tested and validated to ensure effective predictivity and validity in further optimization of nebulization process. Results: Data-mining produced models showed excellent training, testing and validation correlation-coefficients. VMN showed high nebulization efficacy than JN. JN was affected more by increasing the fill-volume. The optimization process and contour-lines obtained for in-vivo model showed increase in pulmonary-bioavailability and systemic-absorption with VMN and 2 mL fill-volumes. Conclusions: Modeling of aerosol-delivery by JN and VMN using different fill-volumes in NIV circuit was successful in demonstrating the effect of different variable on dose-delivery to NIV patient. Artificial neural networks model showed that VMN increased pulmonary-bioavailability and systemic-absorption compared to JN. VMN was less affected by fill-volume change compared to JN which should be diluted to increase delivery.