Browsing by Author "El-Zairy, W. M."

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Enzymatic Modification of Cotton/Wool and Viscose/Wool Blended Fabrics
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2008) Ibrahim, N. A.; Allam, E. A.; El-Hossamy, M. B.; El-Zairy, W. M.
Con/wool and viscose/wool blended fabrics samples were biotreated with acid cellulases, neutral cellulase and/or protease enzymes for enhancing their performance properties. The experimental data indicate that: the extent of loss in weight is governed by the type of enzyme, i.e. Acid cellulases > Neutral cellulase > Protease > none, as well as nature of substrate, i.e., viscose/wool > cotton/wool; 2) incorporation of H(2)O(2) in enzymatic formulation results in an improvement in fabric whiteness as well as its hydrophilicity; 3) bio-treatment of the used blends results in an improvement in dyeability with anionic dyes, and the extent of improvement is governed by type of enzyme, nature of the substrate, as well as class of dyestuff; 4) two-steps enzymatic treatments gives better performance properties, and bio-treatment efficiency follows the descending order: (Acid cellulases Proteases) > Acid cellulases > Protease > none; and 5) subsequent soft finish of enzymatic - treated fabric samples gives rise to an improvement in fabrics resiliency and softness.
A novel treatment for multifunctional finishing and reactive dyeing of polyamide-6-cotton blend
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2011) Ibrahim, N. A.; El-Zairy, M. R.; El-Zairy, W. M.; Ghazal, H. A.
A new approach to simultaneous functional finishing and reactive dyeing of polyamide-6-cotton fabric (50/50) is developed. The extent of improvement in the functional and dyeing properties is determined by the UV-absorber, UV-Sun(R) CEL, concentration, type and concentration of the used reactive dye as well as the treatment sequence. The UV-protection and the antibacterial properties, against S. aureus (G+ve) and E. coli (G-ve) bacteria, of the simultaneously finished and dyed fabric samples are maintained even after 15 washing cycles. After 15 washing cycles, the depth of shades and the fastness properties of the obtained dyeings are not seriously affected. The incorporation of the used UV-absorber onto the blend fibres was also confirmed by SEM analysis.
Options for enhancing performance properties of easy-care finished cellulose/wool blended fabrics
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2008) Ibrahim, N. A.; Allam, E. A.; El-Hossamy, M. B.; El-Zairy, W. M.
This research work is an endeavor to enhance the performance properties of easy-care finished cellulose/wool, 70/30, blends. In this study, cotton/wool and viscose/wool blended fabrics were finished in the presence of certain anionic, cationic, polyol, or softening agents independently. The finished fabric properties, i.e., nitrogen and/or carboxyl contents, resiliency, hydrophilicity, dyeability with proper class of dyestuff (anionic or basic), as well as oil stain release rating were evaluated to determine the optimal finishing formulations for attaining better performance properties. For a given set of finishing formulations and conditions, it was observed that (1) inclusion of any of the anionic additives, i.e., citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, and aspartic acid, or polyol additives, i.e., beta-cyclodextrin, PEG-600, and CMC-30, in the finishing formulation brings about an improvement in the aforementioned properties; (2) the extent of improvement is governed by both the nature of the additives and the substrate components; (3) the enhancement in fabric properties by adding any of the nitrogenous additives to the finishing bath follows the descending order: Chitosan(R) Quat(R)-188choline chloridetriethanolamine hydrochloride; and (4) addition of any of the softeners to the finishing bath results in an improvement in nitrogen content and fabric resiliency, and follows the decreasing order: Siligen(R) WW > Syltrit(R)30 > Leomin NI-ET > none, along with a decrease in finished fabric hydrophilicity.
A smart approach for enhancing dyeing and functional finishing properties of cotton cellulose/polyamide-6 fabric blend
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2011) Ibrahim, N. A.; El-Zairy, W. M.; El-Zairy, M. R.; Eid, B. M.; Ghazal, H. A.
Polyamide-6/cotton fabric blend was modified by chemical treatments using citric acid (30 g/L) as acrosslinker, an acrylate binder (10 g/L), Na-hypophosphite (6 g/L) as a catalyst in the presence of basic dye or pigment colorant (15 g/L) employing a pad-dry-cure technique (wet-pickup 80%, 80 degrees C/5 min and 180 degrees C/2 min respectively). Combined modifying and dyeing of the treated fabric samples resulted in a significant improvement in the extent of coloration along with a remarkable improvement in the imparted functional properties namely UV-B protection and antibacterial function. The change in K/S value as well as in the fastness properties ratings of the obtained dyeings along with variation in their functional properties depend on the ester-crosslinker/catalyst concentration, type and concentration of the coloring agent as well as thermo-fixation temperature. Mode of interaction was reported, and surface modification was also confirmed by SEM analysis. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Upgrading the functional properties of reactive dyed cotton knits
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2017) Ibrahim, N. A.; Ibrahim, D. F.; Eid, B. M.; El-Zairy, W. M.; Tawfik, T. M.
To cope with the greater demands for high quality protective clothing and to satisfy the ever-growing end-users' requirements, functional finishes of reactive dyed cotton knits were investigated in this study. Effect of bio, soft, anti-UV, water & oil repellent or anti-bacterial functional finish on some performance, functional and coloration properties of reactive dyed cotton knits was investigated. Experimental results revealed that the change in performance properties, the extent of improvement in the imparted functional properties as well as the variation in color properties after post-finishing were varied depending on type of functional finish, knit structure and kind of the bi-functional reactive dye. The functional finished cotton knits had excellent functional properties such as softness, anti-pilling tendency, UV-shielding, water/oil repellency, and antibacterial functionality, depending on type of the finish, without adversely affecting coloration properties of reactive dyed knitted fabrics. Additionally, SEM and EDX analysis of selected samples demonstrated the changes in their surface morphology as well as confirmed the existence of certain elements.
UV-Protective finishing of cellulose/wool blended fabrics
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2007) Ibrahim, N. A.; Allam, E. A.; El-Hossamy, M. B.; El-Zairy, W. M.
There is a growing need and special attention for using textile products to provide effective protection against such damage of UV-radiation, i.e., skin cancer, sun burn, and photo-aging, in the recent years. In this research work a new approach for upgrading the UV-protective properties of cotton/wool and viscose/wool blended fabrics for high quality/trans seasonal apparel, was investigated. Factors affecting the UVB-protection function of the aforementioned substrates such as type and concentration of finishing additives, as well as subsequent treatment with cu-acetate or dyeing with anionic or cationic dyes were studied. The experimental data show that: i) the enhancement in the UV-protection factor (UPF) of the finished fabrics is determined by the type of finishing additives, i. e., citric acid >= aspartic acid >= tartaric acid >= none, chitosan TEA. HCL >= choline chloride >= none, beta-cyclodextrin CMC-30 PEG-600 > none, and Siligen (R) WW > W Siligen (R) PEP >= Leomin (R) NI-ET >= none, regardless of the used substrate, ii) UPF values are governed by the type of substrate, i. e., viscose/wool > cotton/wool, irrespective of the used additives, iii) post- treatment with cu- acetate or post- dyeing with the used dyestuffs brings about a dramatic improvement in UPF values, and iv) UPF values are determined by the finishing regime and follow the descending order: