Browsing by Author "El-Zairy, E. M. R."

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Combined UV-protecting and reactive printing of Cellulosic/wool blends
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2013) Ibrahim, N. A.; El-Zairy, E. M. R.; Abdalla, W. A.; Khalil, H. M.
A novel approach for attaining reactive Cotton/wool and Viscose/wool prints with outstanding UV-protection functions was achieved via inclusion of certain UV-absorbers namely 4-hydroxybenzophenone and UV-SUN (R) or UV-blockers like ZnO-NPs and TiO2-NPs along with MCT-beta CD, as a reactive additive, in the printing paste formulation using Na-alginate as a thickening agent. Experimental results reveal that the inorganic UV-blockers exhibit better UV-protection functions compared with the used UV-absorbers, and the improvement in the imparted UV-protection capacity follows the decreasing order: ZnO-NPs >TiO2-NPs > 4-hyroxybenzopherone >= UV-SUN (R) >> none > untreated. The enhancement in UV-protection functionality is governed by the type of substrate, cotton/wool > viscose/wool, extent of modification and loading of the used nano-metal oxides or organic absorbers onto the fabric surface as well functionality and ability of the used reactive dyes to absorb the hazardous UV-B radiation. The obtained functional prints exhibited outstanding UV-protection efficiency even after 15 washing cycles. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Eco-friendly modification and antibacterial functionalization of viscose fabric
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2017) Eid, B. M; El-Zairy, E. M. R.; Ibrahim, N. A.
Pretreatment of viscose fabric with monochlorotraizinyl -cyclodextrin (MCT-CD), as an eco-friendly modifying agent, is accompanied by creation of hosting nanocavities onto the cellulose structure thereby enabling inclusion of certain antibacterial agents namely triclosan, as a classic agent, and AgNO3, as well as bioactive agents like green tea extract and Aloe vera gel. The efficiency of hosting the nominated antibacterial agents to confer antibacterial functionality is governed by the type of modification method and follows the decreasing order: exhaustion>pad-steam fixation>pad-dry-cure. The imparted antibacterial functionality of MCT-CD-loaded fabric samples is determined by type of the hosted antibacterial agent into cavities of CD and follows the decreasing order: AgNO3>green tea extract>triclosan>Aloe vera gel. Nitrogen content analysis, FTIR spectra, SEM image and EDX spectrum of Ag-loaded fabric sample confirmed the impact of suggested treatment sequence on the chemical and surface properties of the functionalized viscose fabric. The results also demonstrate that the imparted antibacterial activity against S. aureus (G+ve) and E. coli (G-ve) bacteria slightly decreased after 15 washing cycles.
Enhancing disperse printing and ultraviolet protecting of polyester-containing fabrics via pretreatment with chitosan/polyethylene glycol/dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea
(SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2013) Ibrahim, N. A.; El-Zairy, E. M. R.; El-Zairy, M. R.; Khalil, H. M.
Pretreatment of polyester-containing fabrics with chitosan, polyethylene glycol along with N-methylol crosslinking agent (ArkofixA NDW, DMDHEU) in the presence of MgCl2. 6H2O/citric acid as a mixed catalyst was carried out for enhancing their printability with disperse dyes as well as upgrading their ultraviolet-protecting properties. The results showed that the changes in the depth of the obtained prints are governed by the type of substrate, chitosan concentration and steaming conditions. On the other hand, incorporation of polyethylene glycol in the pretreatment bath results in a remarkable improvement in the depth of the post-printed fabric samples. Scanning electron microscope images showed the presence of chitosan-based deposits firmly attached to the surface of the pretreated fabric samples. The mechanism of surface modification via loading of chitosan with its amino groups along with polyethylene glycol moieties onto and/or into the finish/fabric matrix was proposed.
New finishing possibilities for producing durable multifunctional cotton/wool and viscose/wool blended fabrics
(ELSEVIER, 2015) Ibrahim, N. A.; El-Zairy, M. R.; El-Zairy, E. M. R.; Emam, E. M.
This research work focuses on the development of a one-bath functional finishing procedure for imparting durable multifunctional properties such as easy care, soft-hand, antibacterial and/or ultra violet (UV) protection to cotton/wool and viscose/wool blends using diverse finishing combinations and formulations. In this study finishing agents such as reactant resin, silicon softeners, 4-hydroxybenzophenone, triclosan, and pigment colorant were selected using magnesium chloride/citric acid as a mixed catalyst and the pad-dry microwave fixation technique. The results reveal that enhancement in the imparted functional properties are governed by type of the finished substrate as well as nature and concentration of finishing formulation components. The finished fabrics still retained high level of functionalities even after 15 consecutive laundering. Surface morphology and composition of selected samples were investigated using scan electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The mode of interactions was also investigated. Practical applications for multifunctionlization of cellulose/wool blended fabrics are possible using these sorts of proper finishing formulations and unique finishing application method. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Smart options for simultaneous functionalization and pigment coloration of cellulosic/wool blends
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2013) Ibrahim, N. A; Khalil, H. M.; El-Zairy, E. M. R.; Abdalla, W. A.
The present innovative research work deals with the individual use of chitosan (2.5 g/kg), Aloe vera (10 g/kg), triclosan (10 g/kg), TiO2-nanoparticles (TiO2-NP's, 10 g/kg), silicon micro-emulsion (20 g/kg) or a water/oil-repellent agent (40 g/kg) for modifying the pigment print paste to produce functionalized cotton/wool and viscose/wool pigment prints in one step process. The imparted functional properties such as antibacterial, antibacterial/UV-protection, soft-handle or water/oil-repellency together with the change in the printing properties were evaluated. Some of the obtained pigment prints were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X-rays (EDX) to confirm deposition of certain functional additives on printed fabrics. The wide-range of imparted functional properties together with the depth of the obtained pigment prints were maintained over 80% even after 15 consecutive laundering cycles. The extent of retention in functional and pigment printing properties is influenced by the type of functional additive as well as the kind of substrate. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Union disperse printing and UV-protecting of wool/polyester blend using a reactive beta-cyclodextrin
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2009) Ibrahim, N. A; El-Zairy, E. M. R.
Pretreatment of wool/polyester blend fabric with monochlorotriazinyl beta-CD was carried out for modifying the wool component to be able to form "host-guest" inclusion complexes with disperse dyes during the subsequent disperse printing step thereby leading to union disperse printing. The optimum sequence/conditions of treatment based on the data obtained were: padding of the blend fabric with an aqueous formulation composed of monochlorotriazinyl beta-CD (60 g/L), Fixapret (R) ECO (20 g/L), citric acid (5 g/L), PEG-600 (10 g/L), wet-pickup (70%), thermofixing at 120 degrees C/5 min, thoroughly washing, drying, followed by postprinting with disperse dyes and finally steaming at 140 degrees C for 30 min. Our experimental results reveal that fixing of the used monochlorotriazinyl beta-CD onto and/or within the wool component has modified its structure thereby increasing its ability to pick-up, adsorb as well as to retain the guest disperse dye vapors into its grafted hydrophobic cavities, which in turn resulted in attaining union-disperse printing with deeper shades and remarkable fastness properties. As a result of inclusions, the obtained prints exhibit excellent UV-protecting functions. The surface morphology has been studied using SEM micrographs. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Utilization of monochloro-triazine beta-cyclodextrin for enhancing printability and functionality of wool
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2013) Ibrahim, N. A.; Abdalla, W. A.; El-Zairy, E. M. R.; Khalil, H. M.
Monochloro-triazine [beta-cyclodextrin (MCT-beta CD) was successfully utilized to modify the wool fabric structure. The modified wool exhibited better post-printing, using different dyestuffs, and outstanding antibacterial activities most probably due to the remarkable capacity of grafted beta CD moieties to form guest-host inclusion complexes in addition to the positive role of wool's active sites. The following treatment sequence: pre-modification, post-printing, followed by after-treatment with Ag-NP's colloid or triclosan derivatives was investigated. The extent of improvement in the aforementioned properties is governed by the degree of pre-modification, type of dyestuff and extent of fixation, type of antibacterial agent, its mode of interaction and extent of loading onto the modified printed wool. The imparted antibacterial functionalities were retained, more than 75%, even after 15 washing cycles. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.