Browsing by Author "Bakkach, Joaira"

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    Clinico-pathological relationship between androgen receptor (AR) and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)
    (Springer, 2021-01) Helal, Thanaa; Bakkach, Joaira; Elghazawy, Hagar; Aref, Ahmed; Kelany, Mohamed; Abdallah, Lamiaa; Abdelbakey, Fatma; Ali, Dalia; Ali, Doaa; Ahmed, Mai; Abd El-Hafeez, Amer; Ghosh, Pradipta; Alorabi, Mohamed
    Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC) with ill-dened therapeutic targets. Androgen receptor (AR) and tumor-inltrating lymphocytes (TILs) had a prognostic and predictive value in TNBC. The relationship between AR, TILs and clinical behavior is still not fully understood. Methods Thirty-six TNBC patients were evaluated for AR (positive if  ≥  1% expression), CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD20 by immunohistochemistry. Stromal TILs were quantied following TILs Working Group recommendations. Lymphocyte-predominant breast cancer (LPBC) was dened as having stromal TILs ≥ 50%, whereas lymphocyte-decient breast cancer (LDBC) was dened as < 50%. Results The mean age was 52.5 years and 27.8% were ≥ 60 years. Seven patients (21.2%) were AR+. All AR + cases were postmenopausal (≥ 50 years old). No statistical difference was found in median overall survival (OS) between AR- and AR + groups (31.5 vs. 25 months, p = 0.77). LPBC was 32.2%. Median TILs was 37.5% and 10% (p = 0.1) and median CD20 was 20% and 7.5% (p = 0.008) in AR- and AR+, respectively. Mean CD3 was 80.7% and 93.3% (p = 0.007) and CD8 was 75% and 80.8% (p = 0.41) in ARand AR + respectively. All patients who were ≥ 60 years old expressed CD20. LDBC was found to be signicantly higher in N + vs. N- patients (p = 0.03) with median TILs of 20% vs. 50% in N + vs. N-, respectively (p  =  0.03). LDBC was associated with higher risk of lymph node involvement (OR = 6, 95% CI = 1.05–34.21, p = 0.04). Conclusions AR expression was evident in older age (≥ 50 years). Median CD20 was higher in AR- TNBC, while mean CD3 was higher in AR + tumors. LDBC was associated with higher risk of lymph node involvement. Larger studies are needed to focus on the clinical impact of the relation between AR and TILs in TNBC.