Browsing by Author "Agwa, Mona M"

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    Bacteriophage as a potential therapy to control antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection through topical application onto a full-thickness wound in a rat model
    (Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, 2022-09) Rezk, Nouran; Abdelsattar, Abdallah S; Elzoghby, Doaa; Agwa, Mona M; Abdelmoteleb, Mohamed; Aly, Rania G; Fayez, Mohamed S; Essam, Kareem; Zaki, Bishoy M; El‑Shibiny, Ayman
    Background: Antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most critical pathogens in wound infections, causing high mortality and morbidity in severe cases. However, bacteriophage therapy is a poten‑ tial alternative to antibiotics against P. aeruginosa. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate a novel phage targeting P. aeruginosa and examine its efcacy in vitro and in vivo. Results: The morphometric and genomic analyses revealed that ZCPA1 belongs to the Siphoviridae family and could infect 58% of the tested antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates. The phage ZCPA1 exhibited thermal stability at 37 °C, and then, it decreased gradually at 50 °C and 60 °C. At the same time, it dropped signifcantly at 70 °C, and the phage was undetectable at 80 °C. Moreover, the phage ZCPA1 exhibited no signifcant titer reduction at a wide range of pH values (4–10) with maximum activity at pH 7. In addition, it was stable for 45 min under UV light with one log reduction after 1 h. Also, it displayed signifcant lytic activity and bioflm elimination against P. aeruginosa by inhibiting bacterial growth in vitro in a dose-dependent pattern with a complete reduction of the bacterial growth at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100. In addition, P. aeruginosa-infected wounds treated with phages displayed 100% wound closure with a high quality of regenerated skin compared to the untreated and gentamicin-treated groups due to the complete elimination of bacterial infection. Conclusion: The phage ZCPA1 exhibited high lytic activity against MDR P. aeruginosa planktonic and bioflms. In addition, phage ZCPA1 showed complete wound healing in the rat model. Hence, this research demonstrates the potential of phage therapy as a promising alternative in treating MDR P. aeruginosa.
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    Topically applied bacteriophage to control multi-drug resistant klebsiella pneumoniae infected wound in a rat model
    (MDPI, 8/27/2021) Fayez, Mohamed S; Hakim, Toka A; Agwa, Mona M; Abdelmoteleb, Mohamed; Aly, Rania G; Montaser, Nada N; Abdelsattar, Abdallah S; Rezk, Nouran; El-Shibiny, Ayman
    (Background): Multi-drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) has steadily grown beyond antibiotic control. Wound infection kills many patients each year, due to the entry of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens into the skin gaps. However, a bacteriophage (phage) is considered to be a potential antibiotic alternative for treating bacterial infections. This research aims at isolating and characterizing a specific phage and evaluate its topical activity against MDR-KP isolated from infected wounds. (Methods): A lytic phage ZCKP8 was isolated by using a clinical isolate KP/15 as a host strain then characterized. Additionally, phage was assessed for its in vitro host range, temperature, ultraviolet (UV), and pH sensitivity. The therapeutic efficiency of phage suspension and a phage-impeded gel vehicle were assessed in vivo against a K. pneumoniae infected wound on a rat model. (Result): The phage produced a clear plaque and was classified as Siphoviridae. The phage inhibited KP/15 growth in vitro in a dose-dependent pattern and it was found to resist high temperature (<70◦C) and was primarily active at pH 5; moreover, it showed UV stability for 45 min. Phage-treated K. pneumoniae inoculated wounds showed the highest healing efficiency by lowering the infection. The quality of the regenerated skin was evidenced via histological examination compared to the untreated control group. (Conclusions): This research represents the evidence of effective phage therapy against MDR-KP. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.