Browsing by Author "Abdel-Sattar E."

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Antidepressant-Like Effect of Selected Egyptian Cultivars of Flaxseed Oil on a Rodent Model of Postpartum Depression
(Hindawi Limited, 2017) El Tanbouly N.; El Sayed A.M.; Ali Z.Y.; Abdel Wahab S.; El Gayed S.H.; Ezzat, Shahira M; El Senousy A.S.; Choucry M.A.; Abdel-Sattar E.; Department of Pharmacognosy; College of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Cairo; 11562; Egypt; Department of Biochemistry; National Organization for Drug Control and Research; Giza; 12553; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; College of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Sciences and Arts; 6th of October12566; Egypt
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a multipurpose crop with health promoting potential. This study was undertaken to investigate the fatty acid profile and yield of fixed oil of six Egyptian flaxseed cultivars. The selected cultivars with the highest content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (G9 and G10) were assessed for their antidepressant-like effect in rat model of postpartum depression (PPD) induced by hormone-simulated pregnancy followed by hormone withdrawal and compared to fluoxetine. As compared to control group, administration of G9 and G10 (270 mg/kg/day, p.o) for two weeks during the postpartum period can alleviate anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and biochemical changes in PPD-induced rats. This was confirmed by evaluation of anxiety-like behaviors (elevated plus maze, open field test, and forced swim test tests), in addition to biochemical analysis (brain monoamine oxidase-A, corticosterone level, proinflammatory cytokines, and hippocampal redox state). In conclusion, flaxseed oil of Egyptian cultivars G9 and G10 exhibited significant antidepressant-like effect in rat model of PPD without affecting locomotor activity. At the treatment doses, the antidepressant-like activity of Giza 9 oil is comparable to fluoxetine. � 2017 Nebal El Tanbouly et al.
Inter simple sequence repeat analysis of genetic diversity and relationship in four egyptian flaxseed genotypes
(Medknow Publications, 2018) El Sayed A.; Ezzat, Shahira M; Mostafa S.; Zedan S.; Abdel-Sattar E.; El Tanbouly N.; Department of Pharmacognosy; College of Pharmacy; Cairo University; P.O. Box 11562; Cairo; 11562; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Science and Arts; P.O.Box 12566; 6th October; 12566; Egypt; Crops Research Department; Agricultural Research Center; Giza; Egypt
Background: Flaxseed is a highly important industrial and medicinal plant worldwide. Objective: To use inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) technique for making unique fingerprint for the four newly produced genotypes of flax in Egypt. Materials and Methods: The genetic diversity among four promising Egyptian flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes was premeditated by means of polymerase chain reaction-based ISSR markers. The phenotypic variation among the four flax genotypes, namely, promising strains 533/39/5/3 (F1), S.402/3/3/7 (F2), S.421/3/6/4 (F3), and S.11 (F4) was studied during the two successive winter seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 in randomized complete block design through four replications. Results: The promising strain (F3) surpassed the other flax genotypes regarding seed yield/feddan, oil yield/feddan, and oil percentage. Twelve ISSR primers were used for the genetic examination yielding 139 loci, of which 31 were polymorphic. The middling number of amplified loci and the middling number of polymorphic loci per primer were 11.6 and 2.6, correspondingly, while the percent of loci polymorphism ranged from 0.0% to 58.0% with a middling of 21.4% crosswise all the flax genotypes. The more informative primers were GAC (GATA)4and (GATA)4GC, while the less informative were (AC)8T and (GT)8G. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean derived dendrogram clearly discriminated the flax genotypes in three clusters. The Jaccard's similarity coefficient along with the genotypes ranged from 0.91 to 0.95. Conclusion: This study identified S. 421/3/6/4 (F3) strain to be the mainly assorted genotype and recommended its use in propagation programs and for upward mapping populations. Abbreviations Used: CTAB: N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethylammonium bromide; EDTA: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; ISSR: Inter Simple Sequence Repeat; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; RAPDs: random amplified polymorphic DNAs; RCBD: Randomized Complete Block Design; UPGMA: Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean; SSR: simple sequence repeat. � 2018 Pharmacognosy Research | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.
Role Phytochemicals Play in the Activation of Antioxidant Response Elements (AREs) and Phase II Enzymes and Their Relation to Cancer Progression and Prevention
(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Ezzat, Shahira M; El-Halawany A.M.; Hamed A.R.; Abdel-Sattar E.; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Cairo; Egypt; Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA); 6th October; Egypt; Phytochemistry Department; National Research Centre; Giza; Egypt; Biology Unit; Central Laboratory for Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; National Research Centre; Giza; Egypt
Chemoprevention can be defined as a means of controlling cancer in which the incidence of the disease can be entirely prevented, slowed down, or reversed. Chemoprevention is acquiring great attention because it is a cost-effective alternative to cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy or radio-therapeutic programs, which should reduce the burden on local and global economies. There is increasing interest in studying the chemoprevention potentiality of natural compounds against cancer as a result of the reduced cancer risk in people who consume high amounts of phytochemicals in their diet. Chemoprevention may involve the interruption or reversal of the initiation and progression of the disease by setting targets with the goal of preventing end stage invasiveness and metastasis. The initiation stage of cancer can be stopped by preventing reactive oxygen species and/or carcinogen activity (i.e., scavenging free radicals or trapping carcinogens) or by inhibiting their metabolic activation, thereby suppressing their interaction with cellular macromolecular targets, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. This can be achieved by inducing of a set of phase II detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes, such as the chemopreventive marker NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase (HO-1). NQO1 is a ubiquitous flavoenzyme that plays a crucial role in protecting cells from endogenous and exogenous oxidative stressors by catalyzing two- and four-electron reductions of these substrates to their hydroquinone forms. The expression of NQO1 in different tissues is regulated by antioxidant response elements (AREs) under both basal and oxidative stress conditions. NQO1 is known to be regulated by nuclear factor erythroid-derived related factor 2 (Nrf2), which belongs to the basic leucine zipper transcription factor family, and binds to AREs, leading to the expression of many cytoprotective and antioxidant genes. Since Nrf2 binds to AREs and regulates the expression and induction of NQO1, Nrf2 knockout causes a reduction in the constitutive expression of NQO1 and impairs its induction. Several vegetables and fruits, including blueberries, cocoa beans, cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower, are among the most protective agents against cancer. This is specifically due to their high content of active phytochemicals, such as sulforaphanes, isothiocyanates, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Upon entering cells these chemicals can directly counteract free radicals and induce electrophilic stress signals that trigger proteins linked to diverse cellular signaling pathways. This capability involves activation of the NQO1 gene and other phase II detoxification genes by activating the Nrf2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein (Keap1) complex system. This chapter reports the chemopreventive effect of dietary components or their phytochemicals by activating the Nrf2�Keap1/ARE pathway and inducing NQO1. � 2018 Elsevier B.V.