Abstract:
This paper examines the causal links between ICT, HDI, and economic
growth in the MENA region's high-income, middle-income, and low-income
countries from 2002 to 2019. These panel data will be studied by using several
tests such as the unit root test, Pedroni cointegration test, Kao cointegration test,
and ECM test. This link will put a great load on the governments to invest more
in both human capital and ICT infrastructure. This policy should be applied in
both the short and long run to enhance sustainable growth and development.
Therefore 17 countries were chosen from MENA depending on six variables
depending on the panel ECM test. This paper ends with the significance of ICT
and economic growth in the MENA region in the both short run and long run.
Also, this result applies to all countries in the region whether with high-income
or middle-income, or low-income countries. Also, these results show some
bidirectional or unidirectional between these variables that differ according to
the income level of the country.
