Abstract:
Basil plant has many uses ,it is used for cooking ,enters in the cosmetics industry and used to
make medicine .Salinity stress affect crop productivity worldwide ,it affects plant growth by
reducing .Salinity stress causes physiological and metabolic stress .It affects the chemical
composition of the plant’s leaves by reducing carbohydrates ,proteins and minerals .Proline and
glycine betaine increase in various plant as a natural defense mechanism against different abiotic
stresses .The exogenous application of proline and glycine betaine shows positive impact in
many plant ,it increases the growth rate of the plant and the chemicals in the leaf such as
carbohydrates ,proteins and minerals .This projects aims to test the effect of the exogenous
application of proline and glycine betaine in the improvement of basil plant growth under salinity
stress .The height ,the weight and branches number will be compared .The chemical
composition of the leaves carbohydrate ,proteins will be tested .Different concentration of
proline and glycine betaine will be tested ( 50 mM ,100 mM ,200 mM ) .Under the
concentration of 100 NaCL :the best height was 53.85 cm under 200 mM of glycine betaine
compared to 40.61 of the control .The highest number of branches was observed is 6.21 under
the 200 mM of glycine betaine in comparison with 4.31 of the control .The highest weight was
149.76 g under the 200 mM of glycine betaine in comparison to 123.76 g of the control. The
highest conc. of carbohydrates was 3.21 mM under 200 mM of proline in comparison to 3.21
mM of the control. The highest conc. was 3.62 mM under 200 mM of proline in comparison to
3.22 mM of the control. The highest conc. of nitrogen was 0.588 mM under 50 mM of glycine
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betaine in comparison to 0.51 mM of the control. The highest conc. of calcium was 155.9 mM
under the 50 mM of glycine betaine in comparison to 136.43 mM of the control. The highest
number of iron was 3.59 mM under 100 mM of proline in comparison to 2.94 mM of the control