Abstract:
Two bisdismosidic triterpenoidal saponins, caspicaoside A1 (1) and caspicaoside B1 (2), were isolated from
Gleditsia caspica fruit methanolic extract. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined using chemical and spectral
techniques. Gleditsia caspica fruit methanolic extract (MEGC) and its saponin containing fraction (SFGC) at the
two dose levels 45 and 90 mg/kg b.wt. were studied comparatively for their effect on LPS-induced cognitive
impairment in mice using Ginkgo biloba (100 mg/kg b.wt.) as a standard drug. Neurobehavioral tests (Morris
Water Maze and Novel Object Recognition tests) were conducted to prove that MEGC and SFGC at the two levels
were able to significantly improve memory and learning in mice dose dependently. Also, the two test drugs were
able to significantly decrease the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (Tumor necrosis factor alpha and Inter-
leukin 1-beta) in addition to reducing the extra-cellular deposition of amyloid beta 42 in a dose dependent
manner.
