Optimization of an Extraction Solvent for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Based on Its UPLC-MS/MS Metabolic Profiling

Abstract

menu Journals Molecules Volume 25 Issue 10 10.3390/molecules25102307 settings Open AccessArticle Optimization of an Extraction Solvent for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Based on Its UPLC-MS/MS Metabolic Profiling by Mohamed A. Salem 1,Haidy E. Michel 2OrcID,Marwa I. Ezzat 3OrcID,Mona M. Okba 3,Ahmed M. EL-Desoky 4,Shanaz O. Mohamed 5 andShahira M. Ezzat 3,6,* 1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Gamal Abd El Nasr st., Shibin Elkom 32511, Egypt 2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt 3 Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Ainy Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt 4 Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City (USC), Sadat City 32958, Egypt 5 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia 6 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza 12451, Egypt * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Molecules 2020, 25(10), 2307; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25102307 Received: 15 March 2020 / Revised: 11 April 2020 / Accepted: 16 April 2020 / Published: 14 May 2020 (This article belongs to the Section Natural Products Chemistry) Download PDF Browse Figures Abstract Hibiscus species (Malvaceae) have been long used as an antihypertensive folk remedy. The aim of our study was to specify the optimum solvent for extraction of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibiting (ACEI) constituents from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. The 80% methanol extract (H2) showed the highest ACEI activity, which exceeds that of the standard captopril (IC50 0.01255 ± 0.00343 and 0.210 ± 0.005 µg/mL, respectively). Additionally, in a comprehensive metabolomics approach, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to the high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS) method was used to trace the metabolites from each extraction method. Interestingly, our comprehensive analysis showed that the 80% methanol extract was predominated with secondary metabolites from all classes including flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic and organic acids. Among the detected metabolites, phenolic acids such as ferulic and chlorogenic acids, organic acids such as citrate derivatives and flavonoids such as kaempferol have been positively correlated to the antihypertensive potential. These results indicates that these compounds may significantly contribute synergistically to the ACE inhibitory activity of the 80% methanol extract.