Effect of oxylipins, terpenoid precursors and wounding on soft corals' secondary metabolism as analyzed via UPLC/MS and chemometrics
Farag M.A.; Westphal H.; Eissa T.F.; Wessjohann L.A.; Meyer A.
Date issued:
2017
Publisher:
MDPI AG
Series Info:
Molecules
22
Type:
Article
Keywords:
October University for Modern Sciences and Arts
,
University for Modern Sciences and Arts
,
MSA University
,
جامعة أكتوبر للعلوم الحديثة والآداب
,
Cembranoids
,
Chemometrics
,
Oxylipins
,
Soft corals
,
Sterols
,
acetic acid
,
arachidonic acid
,
cyclopentane derivative
,
jasmonic acid methyl ester
,
oxylipin
,
prostaglandin E1
,
terpene
,
animal
,
Anthozoa
,
chemistry
,
drug effect
,
high performance liquid chromatography
,
mass spectrometry
,
metabolism
,
principal component analysis
,
secondary metabolism
,
Acetates
,
Alprostadil
,
Animals
,
Anthozoa
,
Arachidonic Acid
,
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
,
Cyclopentanes
,
Mass Spectrometry
,
Oxylipins
,
Principal Component Analysis
,
Secondary Metabolism
,
Terpenes
Abstract:
The effect of three oxylipin analogues, a terpenoid intermediate and wounding on the secondary metabolism of the soft corals Sarcophyton glaucum and Lobophyton pauciflorum was assessed. Examined oxylipins included prostaglandin (PG-E1), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and arachidonic acid (AA) in addition to the diterpene precursor geranylgeranylpyrophosphate (GGP). Post-elicitation, metabolites were extracted from coral heads and analyzed via UPLC-MS followed by multivariate data analyses. Both supervised and unsupervised data analyses were used for sample classification. Multivariate data analysis revealed clear segregation of PG-E1 and MeJA elicited S. glaucum at 24 and 48 h post elicitation from other elicitor samples and unelicited control group. PG-E1 was found more effective in upregulating S. glaucum terpene/sterol levels compared to MeJA. Metabolites showing upregulation in S. glaucum include campestene-triol and a cembranoid, detected at ca. 30- and 2-fold higher levels compared to unelicited corals. Such an elicitation effect was less notable in the other coral species L. pauciflorum, suggesting a differential oxylipin response in soft corals. Compared to MeJA and PG, no elicitation effect was observed for GGP, AA or wounding on the metabolism of either coral species. � 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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