Tramadol (opioid) abuse is associated with a dose- and time-dependent poor sperm quality and hyperprolactinaemia in young men

Farag A.G.A.; Basha M.A.; Amin S.A.; Elnaidany N.F.; Elhelbawy N.G.; Mostafa M.M.T.; Khodier S.A.; Ibrahem R.A.; Mahfouz R.Z.

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Tramadol (opioid) abuse is associated with a dose- and time-dependent poor sperm quality and hyperprolactinaemia in young men

Farag A.G.A.; Basha M.A.; Amin S.A.; Elnaidany N.F.; Elhelbawy N.G.; Mostafa M.M.T.; Khodier S.A.; Ibrahem R.A.; Mahfouz R.Z.

Full Text link: https://t.ly/z5rEZ

Date issued: 2018

Scientific Journal Rankings: Click Here

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13026 PubMed ID 29781510

Publisher: Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Series Info: Andrologia
50

Type: Article

Keywords: opioids , prolactin , sperm quality , testicular function , tramadol , follitropin , gonadotropin , luteinizing hormone , prolactin , testosterone , tramadol , gonadotropin , narcotic analgesic agent , prolactin , testosterone , tramadol , adult , Article , asymptomatic leucocytospermia , asymptomatic leucocytospermia , clinical article , controlled study , disorders of hormone metabolism , drug abuse , drug dependence , follow up , human , hypergonadotropic hypogonadism , hypergonadotropinemia , hypergonadotropinemia , hyperprolactinemia , hypoandrogenism , hypoandrogenism , male , prolactin blood level , semen analysis , smoking , sperm donor , sperm quality , spermatozoon motility , substance abuse , adolescent , complication , drug effect , epidemiology , hyperprolactinemia , hypogonadism , metabolism , Middle East , opiate addiction , spermatogenesis , spermatozoon motility , testis , Adolescent , Adult , Analgesics, Opioid , Gonadotropins , Humans , Hyperprolactinemia , Hypogonadism , Male , Middle East , Opioid-Related Disorders , Prolactin , Semen Analysis , Smoking , Sperm Motility , Spermatogenesis , Testis , Testosterone , Tramadol

Abstract:

Tramadol, one of the most commonly abused drugs in Middle East, impacts spermatogenesis and disturbs reproductive hormones in animal studies. We aimed to investigate tramadol impact on sperm quality and on levels of testosterone, prolactin and gonadotropins, in tramadol abusers (n=30) to age-matched control (n=30). Abusers had significantly low percentages of sperm motility, normal forms and vitality compared with control (95% CI ?40.7 to ?19.3, ?13.5 to ?9.3 and ?31.9 to ?9.7 respectively). Hypoandrogenism (95% CI ?4.5 to ?2.8), hyperprolactinaemia (CI (95%) 4.9 to 9.4) and hypergonadotropinaemia (95% CI 2.9 to 7.2 for FSH and 2.0 to 7.8 for LH) were observed in tramadol abusers vs controls. Smokers (26 of 30), concurrently abusing other drugs (11 of 30) and asymptomatic leucocytospermic (15 of 30) patients subgroups significantly abused tramadol beyond 3years (p=.02, <.001, =.03 respectively) and in excess >450mg/day (p=.02, =.01, =.005 respectively). Progressive motility (a+b%) was significantly low in young men <25years old (p=.03) subgroup. Tramadol abuse is associated with poor sperm quality, hyperprolactinaemia and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. We recommend semen analysis for tramadol long-intakes, question sperm donors and follow-up studies to prevent and reverse tramadol-induced testicular damage. � 2018 Blackwell Verlag GmbH