Abstract:
Foot-and-Mouth disease (FMD) is one of the world’s
most important infectious animal diseases especially clovenhooved livestock caused by picornavirus and responsible for
huge global losses of livestock production and trade, as well as
frequent and highly disruptive large-scale epidemics. Bee (Apis
mellifera) venom therapy is an alternative form of healing to treat
various diseases. Bee venom contains at least active components
which have some pharmaceutical properties; the most significant
components of bee venom which have antiviral properties like
mellitin, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and Protease inhibitor.
Melittin is main active component and the powerful stimulator of
phospholipase A2 that destroys phospholipids and dissolves the
cell membrane of the agent. Protease inhibitor inhibits the activity of different proteases like trypsin, chymotprypsin,
plasmin, thrombin, thus decreasing inflammation. In this work,
Egyptian bee venom (Apis mellifera lamarckii venom) was
obtained from VACSERA used as a treatment against FMDV-O
in Egypt. There are improvements in hematological, biochemical
and histopathological tests, the clinical signs are decreased in the
treatment period and the virus load is more significance
decreases. So this study proved that the bee venom used as
natural medicine has been developed to fulfill recent medical
requirements without noticed side effects. Bees have been
appreciated for their medicinal purposes as a treatment for many
diseases and restoring the vitality of the body.
