Ali1, Dalia EEl Gedaily, Rania AEzzat, Shahira MEl Sawy, Maged AMeselhy, Meselhy RAbdel‑Sattar, Essam2023-02-132023-02-132023-02https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28221-yhttp://repository.msa.edu.eg/xmlui/handle/123456789/5341Plant resins are rich in bioactive compounds with high medicinal values. However, the chemistry and anti-infammatory activity of the resins produced by trees of the genus Eucalyptus were scarcely investigated. The infammatory targets cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), COX-2, TNF-, NF-B, and NO were signifcantly inhibited by the methanolic extract of Eucalyptus maculata kino resin (EME) and its CH2Cl2 soluble fraction (MCF). Sakuranetin (C1), (E)-cinnamic acid (C2), kaempferol 7- methyl ether (C3), 7-O-methyl aromadendrin (C4), and 1,6- dicinnamoyl-O-α-D-glucopyranoside (C5) were isolated from MCF. Three compounds (C1, C2, and C4) showed potent in vitro COX-1 inhibition, while C5 inhibited COX-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, and NO signifcantly. An in-silico study revealed that C5 had the highest binding afnity to the active site in COX-2 with binding energy score (S) of -14.85 kcal/mol, better than celecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor). In conclusion, 1,6-dicinnamoyl-O-α-D-glucopyranoside (C5) could be investigated further in the search for anti-infammatory agents.en-USsilico and in vitroanti‑infammatoryphenolic compounds isolatedresinArticlehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28221-y